X rays in ENT. For undergraduate teaching purpose.

1. Dr. Juveria Majeed,
MS ENT

2. How to Read an X Ray??
 Plain Xray or
Contrast?
 Which part?
 What is the view?
 Findings?
 Provisional Diagnosis?
 Management of the
condition?

3. Xray Mastoids

5.  Plain xray mastoids rt and left.
 Schullers view
 Showing cellularity of mastoid air
cells on rt and sclerosis on left.
 Ch. Left mastoiditis
 Mastoid exploration.

6.  Why do you take X ray mastoids? What are
the advantages of taking X ray mastoids?
 What are the views for temporal bone?
 Which is the common view for mastoids?
 What are the various types of mastoids?
 What is mastoiditis? Coalescent mastoiditis?
 How do you manage it?
 Advantages of CT Mastoids over xrays?
FAQs

7. X Ray Para Nasal Sinus

9.  Plain X ray Para
nasal sinuses
 Waters view
showing haziness
in the left
maxillary
sinusitis.

10.  What are the views for PNS?
 What is the view with open mouth? Open
mouth is for what?
 What is the other name for waters view?
 What is the other view to see frontal sinusitis?
 Air fluid level is seen in _____ sinusitis where as
complete haziness is seen in chronic sinusitis.
 What is the treatment for acute sinusitis?
 What is the treatment for chronic sinusitis?
 Destruction of the walls of the sinuses is seen in
1. 2.
FAQs

11. X Ray Nasal Bones

14.  Plain X ray Skull Lateral View R
and L showing fracture.
 Diagnosis: #Nasal Bones.
 Treatment : Correction under GA.

15.  Classify fractures of the face?
 What are symptoms and signs of
fracture nasal bones?
 Lateral view Rt and Lt. why?
 What are the complications of # ?
 What is open book fracture?
 What is closed and open reduction?
FAQs

16. ???

17.  Plain X Ray Skull
 Lateral View
 Showing soft tissue
shadow in the roof and
posterior wall of
nasopharynx.
 For Adenoid
hypertrophy
 Occluding the airway
 Ch. Adenoiditis

18.  What are the symptoms of Acute and
Chronic Adenoiditis?
 What is adenoid facies?
 How do you manage Chronic
Adenoiditis?
 What is crescent sign? How AC
polyp/masses/tumors of nasopharynx
differentiated from adenoid hypertrophy?
 Management of adenoid hypertrophy?
FAQs

19. { {
Fig 1
Fig 2

20. { {
Fig 1
 Plain X Ray neck ,
chest and abdomen
AP view.
 Showing a round
radio opaque foreign
body in the
esophagus.
 Probably a coin.
Fig 2
 Plain X Ray neck
Lateral view.
 Showing edge on
view in lateral view
suggesting of FB in
oesophagus (in
contrast to FB
trachea)
Foreign Body Oesophagus (Coin)

24. Foreign Body Trachea

27.  How to differentiate FBs of oesophagus from
trachea?
 What are the common FBs in the food passages?
 Complications of FBs?
 How it is managed?
 Management of FBs in air passages?
 Indications of O’scopy and Bronchoscopy
 Complications of O’scopy and Bronchoscopy?
FAQs

28. Achalasia Cardia
 Contrast X ray
showing
narrowed distal
end of
oesophagus( bird
beak appearance)
 Proximal dilated
part above.

29. Ca. Oesophagus
 Contrast X ray –
Barium swallow.
 Showing Irregular
filling defects in the
middle 1/3rd of the
oesophagus.

30. THANK YOU!!!