The Internet

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Terminologies and How it Works
THE INTERNET
CELESTIAL OCTOBER 2021

ITS ORIGIN AND ITS DEFINITION
What is the internet?

It is a global system of
interconnected computer networks
that use the TCP/IP to link
billions of devices worldwide.
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about

It is a network of computers, all
over the world. It is used in many
activities including shopping,
communicating, learning and
distributing information.
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about

It is made up of many individual
components just like a library is
made up of many books. It is
somewhat similar to a book that
has pages.
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about

The webpage

A webpage is a document that is
suitable for the World Wide Web
and web browsers
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A web browser displays a webpage
on a monitor or mobile device. It
is commonly written in HTML
(HyperText Mark-up Language) and
is usually accessible through the
internet using a browser.
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about

The Back Button
The Forward Button
The Refresh Button
It allows you to return to the last webpage
that you last visited. It is most often used
if you accidentally click on a link and wish
to return your previous page
Just click on the forward button to the
previous page that you were at before
you press the backbi
This button is useful if you are looking at
pages that contain content that is
updated more frequently, such as news,
sports scores, or the weather. By clicking
it, the webpage loads again and is
updated

Home Button
The Address Field/
Plugins Button
When you open your browser, the first
website that is displayed is your homepage.
You can change your homepage to fit your
preferences. When you click the Home
Button, it takes to your homepage.
This displays the URL of the webpage. The
URL stands for UNIFORM RESOURCE
LOCATOR, which is a unique address for
each webpage.
This is where your browser plugins are
located.

Pop-UP ads (Advertisements)
Advertisements are created by aggressive marketers who want you
to see their "amazing product" and buy it. They create their own
window and usually appear on top of the information that you are
interested in.

Banner Ad
They show up at the top of a
website or on the side of the
website

useful shortcuts that work on
all browsers
Browser
shortcuts

TAB
Ctrl+1-8 – Switch to the specified tab,
counting from the left.
Ctrl+9 – Switch to the last tab.
Ctrl+Tab – Switch to the next tab – in
other words, the tab on the right.
(Ctrl+Page Up also works, but not in
Internet Explorer.)
Ctrl+Shift+Tab – Switch to the
previous tab – in other words, the tab
on the left. (Ctrl+Page Down also
works, but not in Internet Explorer.)
Ctrl+W, Ctrl+F4 – Close the current
tab.
Ctrl+Shift+T – Reopen the last closed
tab.
Ctrl+T New tab

Mouse
actions
Middle Click a Tab – Close the tab.
Ctrl+Left Click, Middle Click – Open a link
in a background tab.
Shift+Left Click – Open a link in a new
browser window.
Ctrl+Shift+Left Click – Open a link in a
foreground tab.

Alt+Left Arrow or Backspace – Back.
Alt+Right Arrow or Shift+Backspace –
Forward.
F5 – Reload.
Ctrl+F5 – Reload and skip the cache, re-
downloading the entire website.
Escape – Stop.
Alt+Home – Open homepage.
navigation

zooming
Ctrl and + or Ctrl+Mousewheel Up –
Zoom in.
Ctrl and – or Ctrl+Mousewheel Down
— Zoom out.
Ctrl+0 – Default zoom level.
F11 – Full-screen mode.

Space or Page Down – Scroll down a frame.
Shift+Space or Page Up – Scroll up a frame.
Home – Top of page.
End – Bottom of page.
Middle Click – Scroll with the mouse.
(Windows only)
scrolling

address bar
Ctrl+L or Alt+D or F6 – Focus the
address bar so you can begin typing.
ADVERTISEMENT
Ctrl+Enter – Prefix www. and append
.com to the text in the address bar, and
then load the website.
Alt+Enter – Open the location in the
address bar in a new tab.

Ctrl+K or Ctrl+E – Focus the browser’s
built-in search box or focus the address bar
if the browser doesn’t have a dedicated
search box. (Ctrl+K doesn’t work in IE,
Ctrl+E does.)
Alt+Enter – Perform a search from the
search box in a new tab.
Ctrl+F or F3 – Open the in-page search box
to search on the current page.
Ctrl+G or F3 – Find the next match of the
searched text on the page.
Ctrl+Shift+G or Shift+F3 – Find the
previous match of the searched text on the
page
searching

history and
bookmarks
Ctrl+H – Open the browsing history.
Ctrl+J – Open the download history.
Ctrl+D – Bookmark the current website.
Ctrl+Shift+Del – Open the Clear
Browsing History window.

Ctrl+P – Print the current page.
Ctrl+S – Save the current page to your
computer.
Ctrl+O – Open a file from your computer.
Ctrl+U – Open the current page’s source
code. (Not in IE.)
F12 – Open Developer Tools.
other
options

internet
terminologies

a software program that allows
Internet documents (like webpages)
to be viewed, also called a Web
browser
BROWSER
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the world of computer networks
CYBERSPACE
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A unique name that identifies a
specific computer on the Internet.
DOMAIN NAME
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A term for transferring software or
other files from one computer to
another
DOWNLOAD
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Messages sent from one specific user
to another using the internet.
ELECTRONIC MAIL
(EMAIL)
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The way a specific user is identified
to that they may receive email.
An email address can be identified by
the @ sign.
EMAIL ADDRESS
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The first page of a website, similar
to a table of contents
HOMEPAGE
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A computer language used to make
hypertext documents that are sent via
the World Wide Web and viewed using a
browser.
HYPERTEXT MARK-UP
LANGUAGE (HTML)
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about

The way that hypertext documents are
transferred over the internet.
HYPERTEXT TRANSFER
PROTOCOL (HTTP)
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A word, phrase, or image that allows
you to jump to another document on
the World Wide Web.
LINK
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A website that indexes and allows
searching of information gathered
from the internet. Google is an
example of this.
SEARCH ENGINE
Something
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The entire address for a piece of
information of the internet.
UNIFORM RESOURCE
LOCATOR (URL)
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A hypertext document available on
the World Wide Web
WEBPAGE
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A collection of web pages
WEBSITE
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about

A collection of resources available
on the internet using a web browser.
WORLD WIDE WEB
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The Internet

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