A presentation created to explain salt and sugar in food and the impact on the body. The final section focuses on Sweeteners and Phenylkeytonuria (the inability to metabolise Phenylalanine.) Includes quizzes and interactive challenges.

1. Healthy Eating:
Salts, Sugars, Sweeteners
and searching for hidden sugars.
A Presentation by Jordie Rowlands

2. SALT

3. SALT
What is Salt?
Salt is a compound made from
two dangerous elements!
Why do we need Salt?
Your body uses Sodium which
it gets from Salt to help
perform a variety of functions.
For example Salt helps keep
the fluid in our blood cells
so that we can carry
nutrients around the body.

4. SALT
How much salt should I have
every day?
• Children – about 3/4 g of salt a
day
• Adults – 6g salt a day
QUIZ:
People eat too much
salt, but how much
salt do people eat on
average a day?
3g - 6g
10g – 12g
14g – 18g
ANSWER

5. SALT
What can I do to reduce my salt? Which belongs in each box?
EAT LESS:EAT MORE:

6. SALT
What can I do to reduce my salt? ANSWERS:
EAT LESS:EAT MORE:

7. SALT
Why is too much salt bad?
Salt raises blood
pressure leading to
strokes, heart failure
and heart attacks!
High link to stomach
cancer, osteoporosis,
obesity, kidney disease.
Known to make Asthma
and diabetes worse.

8. SUGAR

9. SUGAR
Sugars are ‘simple’ carbohydrates.
There are three types of sugars;
Monosaccharaides, Disaccharides
and Polysaccharides.

10. SUGAR
What are Saccharides?Monosaccharide
Polysaccharide
Glucose
Amylose
Disaccharide
Sucrose

11. SUGAR
Why does it matter to know about types of sugar?
Sugar
In
Blood
HOW LONG THE ENERGY LASTS!

13. SUGAR
What do you eat at break / lunch?
How does that make you feel an hour later?
What could you change about your snack / meal to help you
avoid a ‘SUGAR CRASH’?

14. eSUGAR
Why is too much sugar bad?
Sugar (sucrose) is calorie
dense, meaning that the pay
off of energy is quite low
compared to the calorie
level.
Eating high calorie food leads
to weight gain.
Low energy makes it
harder to burn the calories
off.
Sugar feeds bacteria in the
mouth, if not cleaned properly
could lead to tooth decay.

15. (HIDDEN)SUGAR
What do people mean by hidden sugar?
Sugar is hidden in many ways – normally the label:
‘NO ADDED SUGAR’ is used to confuses consumers.
Many consumers do not realise that certain foods contain
natural sugars.
Lactose Fructose Fructose
Fructose
And lactose
(when milk added)
Maltose

16. SWEETENERS
Sweeteners are artificial sugars or sugars
isolated from plant proteins.
Some sweeteners (Thaumatin) can be up to 2000
times more potent than sugar (sucrose).
What are Sweeteners?

17. Aspartame is a sweetener made from
Aspartate, Phenylalanine and
Methanol.
Aspartate or Aspartic acid –
comes from asparagine which in
itself has been isolated from
asparagus
Aspartame
0
0
CH3
NH
NH3
0
0
H0
Aspartate
Phenylalanine
Methanol

18. Discovery of PKU
A Norwegian
doctor called
Folling
discovered a few
of his mentally
disabled patient
smelt very
similar.
He isolated the
odour’s cause to
being the high
amounts of
phenylalanine in
the blood and
Urine
This is all caused by a lack of
phenylalanine hydroxylase, the enzyme
responsible for processing
phenylalanine.
Aka Phenylketonuria

19. Phenylalanine is an
essential amino
acid.
It is also an important
chemical that helps brain
function.
Phenylalanine
Deficiencies can cause symptoms of
depression, and problems with the
brain and nervous system.
People are born with PKU and have
to limit protein their diets from birth,
as nearly all proteins contain
phenylalanine.
Babies are given special milk.

20. Because of how dangerous Phenylalanine is to PKU
sufferers, the government past legislation in the
“UK in 1982 following the review of its safety by the UK's
Committee on Toxicity, Consumer Products
and the Environment (COT)”
Legislation

21. Sweeteners
Create a quick info leaflet
telling people about PKU
(phenylketonuria) and how
its passed on.
Or write a quick paragraph
saying why someone
suffering from PKU can’t
drink fizzy drinks
containing sweeteners
such as Aspartame

22. SHOP SMART
Get into groups of five (if not already).
Take it in turns to pick an item out of the
pile, pick wisely – items are worth points.
Team with highest points at end will win a
bronze award!

23. SHOP SMART
SCORING
Green = 3pts
Yellow = 2pts
Red = 1pts
(lose points if more than 2 red per team)