1. C O N T E N T S
Published in English and in French since 1983 Every two weeks
Every day AfricaIntelligence.com
N°700 June 4 2013
OilP. 3-4
GasP. 5
ElectricityP. 6
Who'sWhoP. 8
Financial OperationsP. 7
Government StrategiesP. 2
GHANA
Tullow lands PoD
accord for TEN (p.3)
John Mahama: Ghana
Charles Darku: Ghana
Michel Faure: North Africa
Oliver John Moss: Equatorial Guinea
QATAR/AFRICA
Doha on shopping spree withTotal’s help
Qatar appears determined to launch a more aggressive drive in African oil and gas through
its state-run concern Qatar Petroleum International (QPI). It’s now a matter of sifting through
opportunities and investing. Some African countries are doing their utmost to attract revenue
from the rich Gulf state.
Key cooperation with Total in Congo-B.The French major has decided to reduce its finan-
cial exposure in Congo's enormous Moho North project (PEX) where it will have to lay out $10
billion between now and 2015 to lift production to 140,000 bpd on the block. To do that Qatar
will subscribe to a 15% share capital increase in Total, a stake to be entirely owned by QPI. The
two companies will thus be putting into practice a strategic accord they signed in late March,
2010 that provided for bilateral cooperation in Africa (AEI 625). This means that in addition to
developing Moho North, Qatari investors are to be involved in all of Total's other future projects
in the country.
Congo isn't unknown territory to Qatari leader Hamad Ben Khalifa Al Thani. He travelled to
Brazzaville in March, 2010 to sign a memorandum of understanding with SNPC. And ties have
been maintained. Congo’s infrastructure minister, Jean-Jacques Bouya, represented president
Denis Sassou N’Guesso during the Doha 13th
Forum on May 20-21.
Senegal bids for Qatari funding. While the visit of Senegalese president Macky Sall to
Qatar between May 20-12 was ostensibly to speak at the same Doha 13th
Forum several meetings
were arranged on the sidelines by the Qatari authorities. According to our sources, Sall spoke
with Al Thani on the feasibility of building a re-gasification terminal to import gas from Qatar
and on building power stations.
Other projects that would involve QPI buying into exploration blocks in Senegal’s offshore
or importing gasoline from Qatar are likely to be discussed during a forthcoming visit to Doha
by Senegalese energy minister Ali Ngouille Ndiaye. He will consult with project chiefs of the
Qatar Investment Authority (QIA). One of the president’s advisers, Ibnou Sougoufara, who is
attempting to set up the programs with QIA, appears to have persuaded Sall to underscore Sen-
egal’s stability as a Sunni Moslem country in order to attract Qatar’s money. And Senegal could
also act as a hub to distribute Qatari hydrocarbons in the sub-region.
Lots of promises, few results. But Qatar’s pledges to invest in Africa haven’t always mate-
rialized. In 2010 and 2011, South Africa began talks with Qatar on buying gas but they seem to
have fallen through. And in oil, apart from Qatar Petroleum International’s stake in blocks TA-7
and TA-8 in Mauritania (operated by Total) the emirate had no operations on the continent prior
to its arrival in Congo-B. The French major has been lobbying African governments to let Qatar
take more stakes in its acreage. In 2010 and 2011,Total tried to bring QPI into its block B in South
Sudan.The latter’s energy minister at the time, Garang Diing Akuong, was even invited toTotal’s
Paris headquarters in early 2010 to talk about the possibility but it was eventually dropped.
Despite the emirate’s colossal treasure chest, its investments take time to arrange because
of a shortage of qualified personnel to handle them. Al Thani’s simple desire to invest money
doesn’t go far if there are no experts at QIA or QPI to make headway with projects. That’s one of
the reasons why Qatar’s partnership withTotal remains the only one to function up to now in the
oil sphere in Africa. The French group sees to the operational side and arranges financial pack-
ages while QPI acts as a sovereign fund, providing whatever cash is needed. That arrangement
mobilizes its funds but doesn’t test its executives.
Gabon: Ngoubou issues veiled threat
Chad: Griffiths & CAC state their case
State-Owned Companies
Sonatrach,TPDC, ENE/Sonangol
Africa: Petrobras prepares its
drawdown; GEM in new high risk bet
Gabon: Exxon, Chevon & Noble
are wary
Ivory Coast: Petroci short of cash
Congo-K:Total mulls strategy
on block 3
Mozambique: Beijing taps new
resources
Nigeria: ENI’s secret gas reserve
West Africa: Abidjan wants to link
up toWAGP
Congo-K: Strong push for Inga 3
Ivory Coast: Abidjan sees power
export boom
Congo-K/Zambia: Luapula a lifeline
for miners
Africa: Heritage seeks $600 million
Nigeria: Making a pitch for Oando
Cameroon: Perenco finances
its FSO
Togo: Adjarala tops up loan for dam
Consultants
GreenbergTraurig,BillyGundelfinger,
ConallPatton
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STATE-OWNED COMPANIES
GOVERNMENT STRATEGIES
N°700 June 4 2013
GABON
Ngoubou issues veiled threat
The president of the Union Petroliere Ga-
bonaise, Jacqueline Binoumba, recently
received a barely veiled threat from oil min-
ister Etienne Ngoubou concerning audits
by the Alex Stewart International (ASI)
consulting concern. In his letter Ngoubou
protested over the practices of certain oil
company whom he accused of “blocking
the auditors’ access to information.” In the
letter he warned that if some oil compa-
nies took action against ASI (as some have
threatened to do at private meetings) their
action“would be considered an obstacle to
the Gabonese Republic’s right to monitor
and audit”(the industry). For the moment,
Addax Petroleum, owned by Sinopec, is
the only company to have launched arbitra-
tion proceedings against Alex Stewart in
Washington after the government confis-
cated its Obangue field (AEI 698). But Total,
displeased over the auditor’s practices, put
a brief halt to the exercise. Some oil com-
panies operating in Gabon are angry over
additional taxes imposed after the audits,
which they find excessive. Alex Stewart’s
local chief is a former Ernst &Young execu-
tive, JacobTsiobaThaty.
CHAD
Griffiths&CACstatetheircase
The oil consultant of Canada’s Griffiths
Energy, FTI Consulting, has contacted
Africa Energy Intelligence concerning a
report in our last issue (AEI 699) in which
we mentioned the Extractive Industries
Transparency Initiative report for 2011
on Chad. FTI Consulting disagrees with
one of the findings of the report drafted
by the Fair Links firm concerning a lack
of transparency by Griffiths on the “bonus
consulting fee” paid to a Cameroon-based
company. Under section 38.5 of the pro-
duction sharing contract signed between
Griffiths and Chad (see document), the
sum of $3.2 million per permit was to have
been paid to a consortium of consultancies
made up of Cameroon’s CAC International
and the French-British concern Drake &
Bart. It was because of the advice the two
concerns were able to offer the oil ministry
that they were legally paid $6.4 million for
the two permits (and not $7 million as cited
in Fair Links report). CAC, which also wrote
to Africa Energy Intelligence, denied being
the Cameroon-based company cited in
Fair Links’report. Elsewhere, Griffiths made
a point of specifying that the U.S. Depart-
ment of Justice informed it by letter on Feb.
13 (which AEI has seen) that no legal action
would be taken against the company in the
United States. Last year Griffiths agreed to
pay a CAD 10.35 million fine after pleading
guilty before a court in Alberta in a case
involving the payment of bribes to the wife
of the Chadian envoy to Canada at the time.
Griffiths subsequently won the Mangara
and Badila permits in Chad.
SOUTH SUDAN
Total changes tack
After nearly two years of fruitless talks,
France’s Total seems to have accepted
South Sudan’s position concerning the
fate of its block B concession in the
country. Talks are underway between
Total’s local staff and officials at the oil
ministryinJubaoncarvingupthegiant,
118,000 sq.km. concession into three
or four blocks. Africa Energy Intelligence
has reported that several companies
like Exxon and Dig Oil could buy into
one of the new permits if an agreement
is reached between Total and South
Sudanese oil minister Stephen Dhieu
Dau. If the talks break down Total
could backtrack to its initial strategy
which consisted on basing its position
on statements of South Sudanese
president Salva Kiir who pledged
that all contracts signed before his
country’s independence in 2011 would
be honoured.
AFRICA
Cloud over SNC Lavalin
The Canadian firm SNC Lavalin could
be kicked out of one of the consortiums
seeking a contract to build the big Inga 3
dam in Democratic Republic of Congo (see
P. 6). The South Korean groups Daewoo
and Posco which SNC Lavalin joined in
presenting a bid to Congo-K’s government
could be forced to find another partner
after the World Bank (one of Inga 3’s lend-
ers) banned the Canadian firm and its 100
subsidiaries from seeking contracts for 10
years following allegations of bribery in
Bangladesh and Cambodia. According to a
report in the Toronto daily Globe and Mail
and the CBC television channel, SNC Lavalin
is suspected of corruption in operations
in Nigeria, Zambia, Uganda, Ghana, India
and Kazakhstan. Meanwhile, the African
Development Bank is conducting an in-
vestigation over a payment by an affiliate of
SNC Lavalin to a company in Mozambique
named Agema Consulting.
SONATRACH Officials fromAlgeria’s
national oil company Sonatrach say
that the country’s oil and gas reserves
climbed from 4,027 to 4,075 billion
B/OE between 2011 and 2012. The
two areas that boosted the reserves
were the Berkine basin with new fields
near Hassi Messaoud and the Menzel
Ledjimat region, as well as fields in
the Illizi basin with the extension of
the Alrar, Stah and Tinhert fields. But
Algeria’s satisfaction over the very
small increase in reserves tends to
camouflage the steady drop in oil and
gas production experienced over the
past five years.
TPDC With a new licensing round
in Tanzania scheduled for the end of
October, the Tanzanian Petroleum
Development Corp (TPDC) has
decided to put the Tanganyika North
concession back on the auction block,
although it was awarded to Total in
2011. That would seem to indicate
Total andTPDC didn’t manage to reach
an agreement on the fine points of an
exploration plan on what is a highly
difficult zone (due to LakeTanganyika’s
depth and lack of easy access to it).
ENE/SONANGOL The Swedish
firm Eltel Networks Te AB is scheduled
to complete a 250 km interconnection
between the central and northern
grids of Angola’s Empresa Nacional
d’Electricidade (ENE) in October. The
$130 million project is being financed
by a loan by Eltel to Luanda. The power
will come from the Cambambe (180
MW) power station that Alstom Hydro
finished rehabilitating in February. The
other advantage of the project is that it
will allow for the future Lobito refinery
to be supplied with power. Work on the
refinery was inaugurated in December
by Angola’s vice president and former
CEO of Sonangol, Manuel Vicente.
The refinery, which is being built by
KBR and have a capacity of 200,000
bpd, is due to start function in 2016. As
for the inter-connection program, it fell
two years behind schedule because
641 masts had to be installed on often-
difficult terrain. There was also some
fear of sabotage: on several occasions,
grenades were found along the route.
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OIL
N°700 June 4 2013
GHANA
TullowlandsPoDaccordforTEN
Ghana’s president, John Mahama Dramana, made brief
mention during a meeting of the French employers associa-
tion MEDEF on May 29 that his government had endorsed
Tullow Oil’s Program of Development (PoD) for the offshore
TEN oil and gas complex involving theTweneboa, Enyrenra
and Ntome fields. He confirmed the decision during a semi-
nar at the Institut Francais des Relations Internationales
(IFRI) the same afternoon.
According to our sources, Ghana’s energy minister, Em-
manuel Koffi Buah, indeed signed an accord on the PoD
in Accra on May 29 with Dal Jones, managing director of
Tullow Oil Ghana. The accord had been held up for six
months for political reasons linked to the proximity of the
TEN fields to the disputed maritime boundary with Ivory
Coast and problems concerning the price of the gas that
Tullow will charge.
The Ghanaian president reportedly gave a green light
to the accord when he was already in France for a visit that
began on May 27. Mahama possibly wished to signal his
capacity to decide on major issues as he embarked on his
first official trips outside of Africa since his still-disputed
election last December. After visiting Paris he was due to
arrive in Japan on May 30.
Ghana’s foreign minister, Hanna Tetteh, who arrived
in Tokyo before Mahama, could announce the positive
news to Japan’s Modec which has been shortlisted for the
contract to buildTEN’s FPSO.The three fields in the complex
are expected to pump 80,000 bpd and large amounts of gas
starting from 2015. Alert sent on 30/05
AFRICA
Petrobraspreparesitsdrawdown
Brazil’s national oil company is continuing to dispose
of its international assets to focus on its major finds close
to Rio de Janeiro.
As Africa Energy Intelligence reported in early April (AEI
696), Petrobras is beginning to deploy its plan to reduce its
footprint in Africa. The company is in the process of selling
its 12% holding on block 6 in Tanzania’s offshore to Statoil,
which already operates block 2 on which several significant
discoveries were made in 2012.
Petrobras has decided to limit its exposure in Tanzania
prior to the drilling of a well later this year. Although the
Brazilian group opened an office in Dar es Salaam in 2009 it
could also reduce its stake on block 5, the other Tanzanian
block on which it operates.
The drawdown results from decisions made in 2012 by
Petrobras’board to channel more of its financial resources into
developing the gigantic pre-salt finds in Brazil’s offshore.
Nigeria was the first African country in which Petrobras
decided to reduce its assets on the Akopo and Agbami fields
(estimated to be worth $5 billion). The disposal hasn’t yet
been completed as an agreement with Nigerian companies
is taking time and funding of their acquisition is complicated.
The Brazilian major concern is also highly present in Angola
and Namibia but could retain these concessions which have
major potential because of their geological similarity to
Brazil’s coast.
Before it decided to reduce its footprint in Africa Petrobras
made a number of acquisitions in 2011, notably in Benin’s
offshore with Shell and in Gabon. It could eventually decide
against drilling in Gabon, as its contract allows it to do.
AFRICA
GEMinnewhighriskbet
Managers of the Swiss equity fund GEM who financed
acquisitions by the mysterious Caprikat and Foxwhelp
firms in Congo-K have invested in a new oil concern named
Labat Africa.
A former unit of the defunct mining group Aurora, the
oil explorer Labat Africa has acquired five licenses in basins
in Namibia’s Walvis Bay (blocks 1909 and 2009) and Luderitz
(2414, 2411A and 2511A).
The firm, headed by South Africa’s Bryan van Roonen,
is currently exploring in East Africa. Labat was bought in
2010 by Aurora Empowerment Systems, a firm owned by
Zondwa Gadaffi Mandela, grandson of Nelson Mandela,
and by Khulubuse Zuma, nephew of current South African
president Jacob Zuma.
Aurora, which operated the Orkney and East Rand gold
mines in South Africa, has since gone bankrupt but Labat
Africa is still active thanks to financial backing from the Swiss
asset management firm Global Emerging Markets (GEM). It
runs several emerging market funds.
Founded by Harpal Randhawa, GEM owns 10% of Labat
Africa and is financing its operations. GEM has made a spe-
cialty out of opening credit lines for oil companies that can’t
get loans from traditional banks because of their inexperi-
ence, precarious finances or questionable reputations. For
example, working through Aurora, GEM bankrolled Caprikat
and Foxwhelp that landed the highly prospective blocks 1
and 2 in on the Congolese side of Lake Albert in June, 2010.
GEM equally opened a credit line for the Kampac group
headed by Ghanaian businessman Charles Ampofo and for
Britain’s Ascent, which held a stake in Gabon’s Iris and The-
mis Marin fields. It has also thrown its backing behind Gasol
(in which Afren owns a stake), a partner of Benin’s Bengaz
headed by Edgar-Yves Monnou.
GABON
Exxon,Chevon&Noblearewary
Gabon’s president is working flat out to attract Ameri-
can oil firms to the country’s deep offshore. But with little
success so far.
President Ali Bongo’s clear bias towards the United States
doesn’t seem to have borne fruit when it comes to the oil sec-
tor. After dispatching his chief-of-staff Maixent Accrombessi
and his oil minister Etienne Ngoubou to meet with execu-
tives from Exxon in Washington (AEI 695), no actual negotia-
tions have begun. And for good reason: the American firms
targeted by Bongo, namely Exxon, Chevron and Noble, all
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OIL
N°700 June 4 2013
of which are highly active in the Gulf of Guinea, don’t harbor
positive sentiments about Gabon.
Frequent strikes by the Organisation Nationale des
Employes de Petrole and audits carried out by Alex Stewart
International (ASI) have left the American firms particularly
wary about getting into Gabon’s offshore.
The lack of attractiveness combines with the geology of
the very deep offshore that Bongo is touting with the Ameri-
can firms, which are highly experienced in this type of frontier
exploration.The investment in exploring the 42 blocks Gabon
is officially offering to oil companies would be huge as water
depth exceeds 2000 meters on occasion..
Before making any commitment the Americans would
like to ponder the results of the first drilling campaigns cur-
rently underway. Those initial results don’t look promising.
On the deep offshore Diaba concession, France’s Total has
run into a lot of drilling hitches and is well behind schedule,
promising to increase campaign’s costs. That’s likely to scare
off would-be investors.
IVORY COAST
Petrocishortofcash
Ivory Coast’s national oil company is doing the round
of banks to find the cash needed to pay its share in drill-
ing offshore wells. But money is also needed to finance a
re-gasification plant.
After striking oil on its block CI-100 at the end of April,
France’s Total is preparing to drill new exploration wells in
the eastern part of the block near recent finds on the other
side of the maritime boundary, in Ivory Coast.
Holding 15% of CI-100, state-owned Petroci is being car-
ried for only part of sum it will need to pay and the amounts in
question will be considerable: water depths on CI-100 range
from between 2,000 and 3,000 meters, making drilling a very
expensive proposition.
And several other operators in Ivory Coast’s offshore are
equally planning drilling campaigns, projects that will also
force Petroci to reach for its wallet.
In a bid to find the money Petroci is seeking new reserve-
based loans for its share in Ivory Coast’s global production. In
the past, the group worked a lot with the trader Worldwide
Energy run by Frederic Fatien, in conjunction with BNP
Paribas, and with Glencore. Up to now, however, Petroci has
failed to find a bank or trader to back it.
One compelling reason for that state of affairs is that in ad-
dition to paying its share in development costs Petroci wishes
to raise money for the construction of a re-gasification termi-
nal.The country’s gas production is not keeping pace with its
electricity consumption and Abidjan fears its power plants will
be faced with a shortfall in supply in five years’time.
Foxtrot and Bougyues are about to put the Manta gas
field on CI-27 into production and have found two other
fields, Mahi and Marlin. Gas from these will go to supply the
Azito electricity station in Abidjan. However, that increase
in generation won’t be enough to cover the expected rise
in demand.
Accordingly, Petroci is very seriously considering import-
ing Nigerian LNG to Abidjan and re-gasifying it in a terminal
built for the purpose (while also working on being hooked
up to the West African Gas Pipeline (Page 5). But several banks
have cast doubt on the economic viability of such a project.
CONGO-K
Totalmullsstrategyonblock3
Despite environmental issues linked to the Virunga
national park and security concerns, Total is continuing to
press ahead with exploration in eastern Congo-K.
The French major was due last week to choose a seismic
concern among the three it has pre-qualified for a campaign
on its block 3 in Oriental provinces and North Kivu.
In the running for the award are China’s BGP, the U.S. firm
Tesla Exploration and France’s CGG. Due to the difficulty of
the terrain in eastern Congo there were only five bidders for
the contract.The processes was put back on several occasions
before resulting in a pre-selection early this year (AEI 690).
Over half ofTotal’s block 3 lies in a protected area because
it juts into the Virunga National Park. Under pressure from
Belgian legislators like Georges Dallemagne, UNESCO and
NGO’s such as WFF, Total’s chief executive, Christophe de
Margerie, told a shareholder meeting on May 17 that no
exploration would take place within the park.
That strategy allows Total to gain time. The company has
only fragmentary knowledge about the zones in question
and the seismic campaign will allow it to find out where
wells could be drilled. In the case of a prospect in the south,
in the Virunga park, it will be up to Congo-K’s environment
and hydrocarbons ministers to decide whether to authorize
drilling in the area.
At present, a large majority of Congolese officials whose
country is constantly short of cash would like oil companies
to explore everywhere, including in protected zones.
Total had trouble getting its hands on documents to
start exploring on block 3 with its partners, South Af-
rica’sSacoilandDigOil.Becauseofthedelays,theyhavebeen
granted an extension of the first phase until January, 2016.
POINTERS
TUNIS EnQuest plants its flag. Up to now active only
in the North Sea and Asia, the British oil firm EnQuest has laid
out $23 million to buy 70% of the stake of PA Resources on the
Didon producer field and of an exploration block at Zarat, both
of them in Tunisia. The transaction formed part of a restructuring
plan at PA Resources undertaken by its new chief executive,
Philippe Probst, at the behest of PA’s majority stakeholder, the
Glencore trading concern.
ABUJA NNPC to issue bond? Exxon and Nigerian
National Petroleum Company are finding it increasingly hard
to drum up the money needed to finance development of the
Satellite field. As a result the joint venture between the American
major and the national oil company met in Lagos on May 22 to
mull proceeding with a bond issue in 2015. In 2009, Angola’s
Sonangol had thought of doing likewise before changing its mind.
It had been advised in the operation by the bank JP Morgan.
A.E.I.
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GAS
N°700 June 4 2013
MOZAMBIQUE
Beijing taps new resources
A trip by Mozambique president Armando Guebuza
to Beijing in mid-May seems to have speeded up Chinese
investment in infrastructure. According to our sources, Gue-
buza informed his energy minister Salvador Namburete
of China’s proposals in a meeting that forced the latter to
cancel his attendance at a conference in Maputo at the
last minute. The Chinese are said to be proposing to invest
several billion dollars in return for a guaranteed supply of
Mozambique’s gas over the long term.
Among the infrastructure contracts that China could
pledge to sign concern the high voltage line between the
province of Tete and the south of the country (CESUL), the
1,500 MW Mphanda Nkuwa dam, which has been coveted
for some months by the firms Electrobras, Eskom, EDF and
Redes Energeticas Nacionais (REN). Informed for some
time about talks with China, the latter companies have
asked their local partner Electricidade de Mocambique
(EDM) for clarification on whether contracts were still up
for grabs. The firms reportedly asked for EDM to answer by
the end of May.
The State Grid of China, which will carry out the work
if there’s an agreement to build infrastructure in return for
a long-term gas supply deal, could point to the fact it holds
a 25% stake in Portugal’s REN since 2012. With their robust
international reputation, REN’s engineers could supervise
construction programs in Mozambique and avoid linguistic
and cultural problems.
NIGERIA
ENI’ssecretgasreserve
A drilling campaign planned for this summer on the
OPL 245 block will aim to test a huge gas prospect identi-
fied early this year.
Zaba Zaba is the name of the potential gas deposit
that ENI and Shell discovered early this year on OPL 245,
according to our sources. Discreetly acquired in April, 2011
for $1.092 billion from Malabu Oil & Gas owned by former
oil minister Dan Etete, the huge field will be subject to a
drilling campaign this summer (AEI 697). The wells will be
particularly meant to test Zaba Zaba with its potentially very
rich reserves.
If the results are positive, the discovery will force ENI and
Shell to officially announce the find. Two years after the ac-
quisition, neither of the two groups has publicly announced
their debut on OPL 245. On May 21, ENI’s spokesman finally
admitted to Africa Energy Intelligence that the Italian group
indeed controlled the block with Shell but that they had been
awarded by acreage by the“federal government.”
That, in fact, is technically true. To help the two majors to
avoid dealing directly with Etete, who was convicted of mon-
ey laundering in Paris in 2007, the transaction was structured
in such a manner that ENI and Shell paid the government for
the stake. Abuja then sent the money along to the rightful
owners. Officially, Shell and ENI dealt only with the state.
Two go-betweens involved in the transition have
launched arbitration proceedings (still underway) to pocket
commissions they were promised. ENI told Africa Energy Intel-
ligence that it had not paid any third parties engaged in the
operation. That, too, is technically exact.
The two go-betweens, Russia’s Ednan Agaev and the
Nigerian national Emeka Obi, were to have been paid by the
seller, Malabu Oil & Gas, and not the buyers, ENI and Shell.
However, ENI was in contact with both because they took
part in numerous meetings prior to the sale, and particularly
one in December, 2009 between Roberto Casula, then ENI’s
representative in Nigeria, and Vivenco Amana, Africa direc-
tor of the group, with Malabu’s chief executive, Etete, at the
latter’s home.
WEST AFRICA
AbidjanwantstolinkuptoWAGP
Despite the supply problems of the West African Gas
pipeline from Nigeria countries in the region are keen on
linking up to the facility.
Ivory Coast’s political capital, Yamoussoukro, played host
between May 22-24 to a meeting of West African energy
ministers and experts to discuss the future of the West African
Gas Pipeline (WAGP). To be sure, certain nations like Liberia,
Burkina Faso, Senegal and Sierra Leone which encounter
chronic power shortages hope to extend the pipeline to their
respective shores.
Ivory Coast appears most advanced in this endeavour.
Some senior officials in the energy ministry are calling for
work to start shortly (in 2013-2014) on extending the pipeline
from Takoradi in Ghana to Assinie in the east of Ivory Coast.
The 300 km extension would cost around CFA 317 billion
(€483 million) and the PetroCI oil company would reportedly
be ready to finance part of it while waiting for further money
to come from donors.
Indeed, the Italian concern Saipem has even been award-
ed a contract from the government to build the extension and
work could begin as early as this year. Since August of last year
WAGP has been out of service because of damage caused to
it by the anchor of a pirate ship off Lome. Ivory Coast’s mines,
oil and energy minister Adama Tounguara, said to be close
to the Nigerian authorities, has been picked to monitor the
extension program.
POINTERS
TOKYO/AFRICA Japan goes whole hog in gas.
The state-owned Japan Oil, Gas and Metals National Corp
(JOGMEC) is to spend nearly $2 billion in the coming five years
to help Japanese firms increase their footprint in Africa’s oil and
gas sectors. Lacking oil and gas at home and encountering
hitches with its nuclear energy program, Japan needs to import
more oil and gas and sees Africa as a priority region. During the
Tokyo International Conference on African Development
(TICAD V) held between June 1-3, Japan’s prime minister also
promised to set aside $24 billion in direct aid and development
assistance for Africa. Over 40 heads of state attended TICAD
V, including Armando Guebeza, president of Mozambique,
who won much attention because of huge gas discoveries in
his country.
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6. Every day www.AfricaIntelligence.fr
6
ELECTRICITY
N°700 June 4 2013
CONGO-K
StrongpushforInga3
During a closed-door meeting with donors in Paris on
May 19, Congo-K’s electricity minister, Bruno Kapandji
Kalala, made a strong pitch for work to begin on Inga 3
in October, 2015. The Congolese said the date was vitally
important for president Joseph Kabila. At that time, Kabila
could already be engaged in a campaign for his re-elec-
tion in 2016, if the constitution is amended to allow for
the new term.
Most of the lenders present at the conclave - the Af-
rican Development Bank, World Bank, Development
Bank of Southern Africa, Agence Francaise de Devel-
oppement and the European Investment Bank - and
potential developers of the 4,800 MW dam and power
station remain sceptical about Kapandji’s timeline.
Indeed, studies conducted by EDF in conjunction with
AECOM and Nodalis Conseil, carried out on behalf of ADB,
will need to be followed by others before the main con-
tracts can be put out to tender, in principle in early 2014.
But other contracts will also be needed to monitor work, the
construction of civil engineering infrastructure, the supply
of electromechanical gear, the construction of transmission
lines and even the project’s overall management.
And an international treaty of energy cooperation,
for which a MOU was signed between South Africa and
Congo-K at Lubumbashi on May 7, will need to be prom-
ulgated. In addition, the transit countries, Zambia and
Zimbabwe, will have to be brought in and decisions made
on the size of stakes of various companies that are to be
formed for different functions (generation, transmission
distribution).
Most of all, the $12 billion needed for the construction
of the dam and the high voltage interconnection towards
South Africa (which will purchase 2500 MW) will need to
be found. Much will come from the private sector.
At present, three consortiums of developers have been
pre-qualified: China’s Sinohydro-Three Gorges Corpora-
tion; the Spanish consortium consisting of Actividades de
Construccion y Servicios (ACS), Eurofinsa and AEE; and
a grouping formed by South Korea’s Daewoo and Posco
and Canada’s SNC Lavalin.
IVORY COAST
Abidjanseespowerexportboom
Abidjan is set on quadrupling its electricity sales in
the sub region by 2020. But there’s no lack of obstacles to
overcome to attain that objective.
Ivory coast president Alassane Ouattara recently issued
instructions to increase the country’s power exports to Mali,
Burkina Faso,Togo, Benin, Ghana and Liberia. According to the
energy ministry’s statistics for 2012, 645 GWH were exported
in the sub-region and raked in receipts of over CFA 200 billion
(€305 million). In the first half of this year Ivory Coast exported
230.82 GWH.
Highly profitable as they are, the power exports evidently
need to be increased if the country is to earn more from
them. Amidou Traore, director of Cote d’Ivoire-Energie,
a public organization that manages the electricity sector
through Compagnie Ivoirienne d’Electricite (CIE) hopes
to be exporting 1000 GWH by the end of this year and 2500
GWH by 2016.
Even if Abidjan makes money from the exports, the
country’s power sector is largely in the red because of wide-
spread fraud. In the center-north and west regions formerly
occupied by ex-rebels, the recovery rate on domestic and
industrial electricity bills still remains under 30%. That’s due
primarily to the security situation, which remains precari-
ous for bill collectors. Still there’s been some improvement.
The loss of money in the sector (unpaid bills and theft of
electricity) amounted to CFA 44 billion (€67 million) in 2012,
a considerable improvement over the CFA 107 billion (€163
million) deficit in 2011.
The shortfall in domestic receipts will make it difficult for
Ivory Coast to increase the power it sets aside for export.
CONGO-K/ZAMBIA
Luapulaalifelineforminers
The hydroelectric potential of the Luapula river prom-
ises to meet the power needs of mining companies in
Katanga and the Copperbelt.
The construction of dams on the Luapula river lying on
Zambian soil alongside the border with Congo-K is under dis-
cussion between the authorities in the two countries. In May,
the governor of Katanga, Moise Katumbi Chapwe, received
several delegations from Societe Nationale d’Electricite
Congolaise (SNEL) and Copperbelt Energy Corporation
(CEC) who talked of headway on the project aimed at supply-
ing mining groups in the two countries in equal amounts.
The situation is particularly critical for SNEL which has
been reduced to hoping that Gecamines will put the Luena
thermic power plant into service even as the mining group
already imports power from the Zambian Electricity Supply
Corporation (ZESCO).
But a project to build a 240 MW dam at Busanga that
China’s Sinohydro is developing won’t be sufficient to meet
with the mining industry’s needs. As a result, the Katanga
authorities and SNEL are increasingly in favor of jointly de-
veloping the Luapula dams with their enormous potential of
1253 MW. The CEC already received a green light in 2010 to
conduct feasibility studies and it has penned an MOU with
SNEL. For their part, Kinshasa and Lusaka are working on an
inter-government accord.
CEC has also begun talks to define the terms of reference
for contracts linked to the construction of dams with Zambian
mines as partners. Several dams could be built on five falls on
the Luapula river: Mambilima 1 (124 MW), Mambilima 2 (201
MW), Mambilima 5 (418 MW), Mombutota M (210 MW) and
Mombutota CX (300 MW). The combined cost of the project
has been estimated at $3.97 billion, with an additional $1.71
billion for transmission lines.
Staff from CEC have already carried out a feasibility study
on the transmission lines required to send power from the
river’s dams to Katanga in Congo K and Luapula and the Cop-
perbelt in Zambia.
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7. 7Every day www.AfricaIntelligence.fr
C O N S U L T A N T S
FINANCIAL OPERATIONS
N°700 June 4 2013
AFRICA
Heritage seeks $600 million
After buying Shell’s 45% on OML 30 in
Nigeria for $850 million, Heritage Oil
is seeking to refinance the acquisition.
According to our sources, the group
will shortly set out to seek a loan worth
$600millioninaoperationledbySouth
Africa’s Standard Bank. The money
ought to enable Heritage to finance the
workobligationsonOML30ofNigerian
PetroleumDevelopmentCorporation
(NPDC), the state-run company that
operates the concession. To prevent
NPDC from contracting its usual service
supplierslikeAtlanticEnergyorSeven,
Heritage lent $50 million to NPDC (AEI
687). Initially, the acquisition of the 45%
stake in OML was partly bankrolled
by Genel Energy, an equity fund set
up last year by financier Nathaniel
Rothschild and Tony Hayward, the
former chief executive of BP. Genel lent
$294milliontoHeritageandboughtone
oftheCanadianoilcompany’slicensesin
Kurdistan for $156 million.
NIGERIA
Making a pitch for Oando
Retained by Nigeria’s Oando, the banks
BNP Paribas and Standard Chartered are
staging road shows in Paris and London to
raise 600 million needed by the oil com-
pany. The loan, combined with a flotation
Oando is planning on the Toronto Stock
Exchange in the hope of raising nearly $400
million, is meant to cover the price Oando
paid for the Nigerian assets of ConocoPhil-
lips, which it bought for $1.79 billion last
December. Oando already made a down
payment of nearly $400 million when the
initialdealwasstruck.Therestofthemoney
must come in the form of loans from local
banks.The highly ambitious program is due
to be completed before the summer. It’s the
first time the group run by Wale Tinubu
has engaged in such a major financial
operation.
TOGO
Adjarala tops up loan for dam
The WorldBank is currently putting the fin-
ishing touches to a loan worth $120 million
to help finance construction of the Adjarala
hydro power dam on the Mono river that
lies on the border between Benin andTogo.
The loan will slot into a bigger financial
package worth $450 million to which other
multilateral institutions are to contribute.
When completed the power station, which
is to generate 147 MW, will form part of the
WestAfricanPowerPool(WAPP),anintercon-
nection between the power grids of various
West African countries.TheWorld Bank has
been attempting to finance Ajalara for over
a decade. A first $30 million loan was put
together in the early 2000s but when Faure
Gnassingbe seized the presidency in early
2005 the Bank broke off relations withTogo.
The Export Import Bank of China tried to
get into the project, but backed away in
its turn. (IOL 697). Electricity in Togo is cur-
rently produced exclusively by diesel and
fuel-powered generators, particularly that
of U.S. firm Contour Global.
CAMEROON
Perenco finances its FSO
Perenco has put together a $100 million
loan for the acquisition of its new floating
storage and offtake (FSO) tanker Massongo
which now lies on the Lokele and Kole
fiends in Cameroon. Late last year the new
vessel, with a capacity of 270,000 tons,
replaced the two aging FSOs operated in
Cameroon by the group, the tankers Moudi
and Kingsway. The loan was mounted by
Natixis and France’s BNP Paribas, Britain’s
StandardChartered and the South African
establishment Standard Bank subscribed
to it. The ship belongs to Cameroon Oil
Terminal (COTSA), a joint venture between
PerencoandSocieteNationaledesHydro-
carbures Camerounaise (SNH).
EQUATORIAL GUINEA
The endless talks....
Tullow Oil, Hess and Equatorial Guinea are
finding it hard to agree on the question of a
tax on capital gains. After starting an arbi-
tration proceeding against Malabo over the
issue in May, 2012, the two oil companies
froze the proceeding in order to start direct
negotiations. The freeze on arbitrage has
been extended no less than four times (in
August, November, February and May) with
no sign of an agreement.The next deadline
has been set for Sept. 23.The long stand-off
can only be explained by the complexity of
the issue. For 10 years Equatorial Guinea
has been demanding that Hess and Tullow
cough up an additional tax on the acquisi-
tion of the Ceiba offshore field in 2001. Be-
hind the immediate case, there’s the overall
issue of capital gains on the disposal of oil
assets. At present three separate arbitration
proceedings are unfolding over the issue in
Africa alone.
GREENBERG TRAURIG All
arbitration proceedings concerning
capital gains tax will henceforth be
handled on Equatorial Guinea's behalf
by Greenberg Traurig. The law firm
has been handed the brief on Malabo’s
negotiations with Hess and Tullow
concerning capital gains on the sale
of the Ceiba field. The arbitration
was previously seen for Malabo by
Derek Smith from the Foley Goag law
firm. Greenberg Traurig also manages
negotiations with EMS Energy. Guinea
wants the latter to pay a capital gains
levy on the sale of its Alba field.
BILLY GUNDELFINGER The
South African celebrity lawyer Billy
Gundelfinger is currently handling the
highly acrimonious divorce between
businessman Tokyo Sexwale, also
South Africa’s housing minister, and his
wife Judy. The procedure, which has
bounced onto the front pages of South
Africa’s press over the past four months,
is also being closely followed by oil and
miningcircleswhereSexwaleisaheavy-
hitter investor.The tug-of-war between
Sexwale and his ex primarily concerns
two trust companies that control most
of the businessman’s resources. One
of them is Mvelaphanda Resources,
Sexwale’s company that holds stakes
in Ophir. But the South African tycoon
has also invested a lot in a private
capacity in numerous oil companies
including New Age headed by Steve
Lowden.
CONALL PATTON Lawyer for
Yukos and for Dominion, Britain’s
Conall Patton from the firm One Essex
Court, has been representing the
Guinean affiliate of the American oil firm
Hyperdynamics in its fight against the
Norwegian drilling company AGR before
Britain’s High Court. AGR is being
represented by Andrew Miller from the
firm 2 Temple Gardens. Hyperdynamics
filed suit against AGR late last year on
grounds it had botched the drilling of the
Sabu 1 well in Guinea’s offshore which
identified only traces of non-commercial
well and which largely overran the initial
bubget. AGR, for its part, filed suit
against Hyperdynamics and is calling
for $22 million in unpaid bills.
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WHO'S WHO
N°700 June 4 2013
TRAVEL LOGBOOK
Oliver John Moss
EQUATORIAL GUINEA
The American oil company Vaalco has
named a new managing director with an
untypical background to run its business
in Equatorial Guinea. A former pilot in
the US Air Force (from 1974-2001), Ol-
iver John Moss served in the 2000s as a
political adviser in the American embassy
in Malabo after exercising the same func-
tions at the embassy in Baghdad. Despite
his rather security and politically-focussed
background, Moss began working for oil
companies in Equatorial Guinea when he
was hired by Wood Group. He then went
over to the U.S. firm Noble Energy and
became one of its executives in charge of
relations with the Malabo government.
Vaalco can be counted upon to use Moss’
numerous contacts with Equatorial Guin-
ea’s government and civil servants in its
quest for a green light to operate block P
which is now operated by the Equatorial
Guinea concern GEPetrol.
Michel Faure
NORTH AFRICA
Britain's Gulfsands Petroleum plc which
operates in Tunisia and Morocco has ap-
pointed France’s Michel Maurice Jacques
Faure to its board. The 61-year-old Faure
spent the bulk of his career with Shell which
he recently quit on going into retirement.
His profile could be seen as ideal for Gulf-
sands Petroleum since he was previously in
charge of Shell’s operations in Tunisia and
Morocco. Gulfsands also has exploration
acreage in Syria but its operations there
have been badly hit by the civil conflict.
John Mahama
GHANA
During an official visit to France between
May 27-30, Ghanaian president John Ma-
hama Dramani met with officials from
two big French oil and petroleum services
concerns in Paris. He lunched on May 28 with
the managing director of Technip, Thierry
Pilenko, and then consulted with the head
of Total E&P for Africa, Jacques Marraud
des Grottes. Total isn’t involved in explora-
tion in Ghana, but is active in distribution in
thecountry.Techniphasalreadyworkedwith
Tullow Oil on the Jubilee field and hopes to
win further contracts in developing theTEN
complex (see p. 3). As for France’s electricity
industry, Mahama also made contact with
officials from companies in the sector dur-
ing a breakfast thrown on May 28 by the
French employers federation MEDEF. The
deputy director of EDF in charge of Africa,
Emmanuel Sillier, and a vice president of
Alstom in charge of Africa and the Middle
East, Paul Moneyron, attended the get-to-
gether. Up to now the two companies have
had few operations in Ghana.
Charles Darku
GHANA
Tullow Oil is expected in August to name
a Ghanaian to run its local subsidiary for
the first time. Since 2009, Charles Darku
has acted as managing director of GRIDco,
a firm that manages power transmission
throughout all of Ghana. An electrical en-
gineer by training, Darku spent much of his
career working for the national utility Volta
River Authority (VRA) before it spun off its
transmission business in 2008 to GRIDco.
In addition to operations involving Jubilee,
Darku is expected to be highly concerned by
development of theTEN complex consisting
of theTweneboa, Enyanra and Ntome fields
(see P. 3) over the coming two years. In 2015,
Tullow could be pumping around 200,000
bpd from the fields along with major
amounts of gas to supply power stations on
the coast. In reaching beyond the oil busi-
ness to find an executive to run its activities,
Tullow appears to be betting that its future
challenges in Ghana will primarily involve
the company’s relations with the govern-
ment and its departments It clearly feels
that Darku has a good head start on that
because of his background and knowledge
of the ins-and-outs of local politics.
BARCELONA
Elizabeth Dipuo Peters,
South Africa’s energy minister,
will be one of the guests of
honor at the Africa Energy Forum
to be staged by Energynet
at the Barcelona International
Convention Center between
June 18-20.Other ministers will
also attend the gathering such as
Taleb Ould Abdival (Mauritania),
Salif Kabore (Burkina Faso) and
Emma Francois Isumbingabo
(Rwanda). The chiefs of national
companies are to attend,
including Augusto de Sousa
Fernando (EDM, Mozambique),
Joseph Njoroge (Kengen,
Kenya) and Paulinus Shilamba
(Nampower, Namibia)
NAIROBI
Serge Matesco, the vice
president of Total E&P for Africa,
will take the floor during the
4th
Eastern Africa Oil, Gas
& Energy conference at the
Intercontinental Hotel in Nairobi
between June 18-20. Organized
by Global Pacific & Partners, the
gathering will also be attended by
Ernst Rubando (commissioner
of E&P at Uganda’s energy
ministry), Fouad Mohadji (vice
president of Comoros), Galib
Virani (Afren), Hassan Hassan
(Simba Energy) and Tewodros
Ashenafi (Southwest Energy).
ROME
Abdelhamid Zerguine,
the chief executive of Sonatrach,
will attend the North Africa
Gas conference organized
by CWC at the Grand Palaza
Hotel in Rome on June 25-26.
Oil executives from all of the
North African nations will be in
attendance, including Khaled
Bettine (ETAP) and Nordine
Ait Laoussine (Algeria’s former
energy minister).
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