2. 1.2 Clascification standard Of Heavy Oil Classification Standard Of Heavy Oil Super heavy oil Extra heavy oil Conventional heavy oil ﹥ 0.9800 ﹥ 0.9500 ﹥ 0.9200 gravity （ 20℃ ） Second standard ﹥ 50,000 Super 10,000 ～ 50,000 Extra 100 ～ 10,000 Conventional Gas-free viscosity (mPa.s) (50℃) First standard Classification
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4. CSS is also known as steam huff and puff 2.1 CSS Production Process
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7. 2.3 Main mature technologies for CSS Steam generator flow chart
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9. heat conduction coefficient is only 0.007 W/m ℃. It can reduce heat loss in wellbore and increase steam quality Formation Compensation pipe Thermal packer Vacuum insulation tubing 2.3 Main mature technologies for CSS Vacuum insulation tubing 40-60% 0.007 Vacuum insulation tubing 20-40% 0.07 Conventional insulation tubing Steam quality at bottom of wellbore （ 75%@well head ） Thermal conductivity (W/m.℃) Type
10. Outer tube Inner pipe Seal ring Gland 2.3 Main mature technologies for CSS During the period of steam injection ,the thermal sensitive packer is set down, the insulated tubing will extend due to high temperature, the compensation pipe is used to compensate the extended length of steam injection string .so that the insulation tubing can not get bending Compensation pipe
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12. Low producing ability 2.3 Main mature technologies for CSS (2) High Temp. 4 Parameters Measurement Technique Steam pressure Downhole temperature Steam quality get steam absorbing profile flow rate High temperature test chart
13. (3) Lifting system: BPU & tubing pump BPU +tubing pump: excellent adaptation and wide us e, is commonly used in lifting system for heavy oil production. (will be discussed in SECTION 3) 2.3 Main mature technologies for CSS
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15. Selection Standard for Successful CSS 2.4 Selection Standard for Successful CSS < 100,000 （ 50℃ ） ≥ 50 ≥ 20 ≥ 200 md ≥ 10m ≤ 1,700m Selection standard 1,735 （ 50℃ ） 2,000 ～ 3,000 （ 50℃ ） Viscosity mPa.s 70 75 Oil Saturation ％ 32 30 Porosity ％ 4000 2060 Permeability md 30 37.7 Net pay m 550 850 Depth m FNE Qi40(Liaohe) Item
![CSS Technology For Heavy Oil ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/css-111112073038-phpapp02/85/Cyclic-Steam-Injection-1-320.jpg)
