This document discusses the extinction of plant species, including definitions of extinction and endangered. It outlines several key causes of species endangerment and extinction, such as habitat loss, global warming, exotic species introduction, and overexploitation. Routine measures to protect plants are described, like planting trees, saving energy and paper, and educating others. Some currently endangered and extinct plant species are listed as examples.

1. EXTINCTION OF
PLANT SPECIES
BY HAFSA ARSHAD
BBOF17M006

2. SUBMITTED TO: MAM ASMA ASHFAQ
DEPARTMEN OF BOTANY
UNIVERSITY OF SARGODHA

3.  Extinction
 Endangered
 Causes
 Habitatloss
 Globalwarming
 Exoticspecies
 Overexploitation
 Howtoprotectthem
 Routinemeasures
 Someofendangeredplantspecies
 Someofextinctplantspecies
CONTENTS

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Extinction
Dying off or extermination of a species
Extinction of a particular animal or
plant species occurs when there are
no more individuals of that species
alive anywhere in the world - the
species has died out. This is a
natural part of evolution
4

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Endangered
A species that is seriously at the risk of extinction
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• Endangered means for a
species to be at risk of
becoming extinct from Earth
meaning the species
population has dropped so
low that it is at risk of
becoming extinct in the wild.

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Causes

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Habitat Loss
Destruction, fragmentation or degradation of
habitat
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• Deforestation and urbanization combine
to create two reasons why plants and
animals become extinct.
• Deforestation is leveling forests to
harvest the wood or create space for
building or agriculture, while
urbanization is the turning of once-rural
areas into cities.
• As the human population grows, more
and more land has to be cleared and
urbanized for living space.

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Global warming
Global increase in the overall temperature of the
earth’s atmosphere generally attributed to the
greenhouse effect caused by increased levels of
carbon dioxide, CFCs and other pollutants.
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• Global warming is the ongoing
increase in the Earth's
atmospheric and ocean
temperatures created by the
greenhouse effect;
• a temperature increase of even 1
degree can affect plant and animal
life.

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Exotic Species
An introduced species that is found outside of its
natural range.
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• When animals and plants that are not
native to a region are introduced to the
ecosystem, they can cause serious
damage to the local plants and animals,
and potentially contribute to their
extinction.
• Native species must compete with the
exotic species for basic needs such as
food and water.
• If the exotic species is more aggressive
than the native species, the native
species then runs the risk of extinction.

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Overexploitation
Harvesting species from the wild at rates faster
than natural population can recover.
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Overexploitation, also called
overharvesting, is the excessive
harvesting of an animal or plant
species, making it harder for the
species to renew its numbers.

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How To Protect Them
From extinction
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• We should educate people from
the young age about the
importance of plants and animals
in maintaining the ecosystem and
biodiversity.
• Young people should be educated
how to protect our environment in
general and how to protect
endangered animals in particular.

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How To Protect Them
From extinction
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• They should be told about the things
that threat the safety of wildlife so that
they can avoid doing them.
• This should be included in their
curriculum at school.
• One of the most important ways to help
threatened plants and animals survive is
to protect their habitats permanently in
national parks, nature reserves or
wilderness areas.

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How To Protect Them
From extinction
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• There they can live without too much
interference from humans. It is also
important to protect habitats outside
reserves such as on farms and along
roadsides.
• Each nation must enforce stricter law
with more serious punishment- capital
punishment, for example- to prevent
people from poaching rare and valuable
animals.

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Routine Measures
To save plants from extinction or being
endangered
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• Plant trees. This will help create homes
for animals. Planting trees can also help
curb the impacts of climate change –
one of the major drivers of biodiversity
loss.
• Save on energy.
• Save on paper.
• Save on fuel.
• Learn more about biodiversity and share
it

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Routine Measures
To save plants from extinction or being
endangered
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• with your family, friends, and colleagues.
• Do not patronize wildlife products (fur,
tusks, hooves, etc).
• Recycle and re-use. Better yet,
spearhead a recycling drive.
• Turn off the lights in an empty room.
• Stop using plastic bags.

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Because
.
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• Biodiversity is the variety of life (its
ecosystems, populations, species and
genes).
• Saving endangered species (plants and
animals) from becoming extinct and
protecting their wild places is crucial for
our health and the future of our
children.
• As species are lost so too are our options
for future discovery and advancement.
• The impacts of biodiversity loss include
clearly into fewer new medicines,
greater vulnerability to natural disasters
and greater effects from global warming.

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Some of the endangered plant species

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Some of endangered plant species
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Venus Fly Trap
Bois Baseball Plant
Dentelle
Green Pitcher Plant
Rafflesia
Titan Arum
Tacca Chantrieri

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Some of extinct plant species

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Some of extinct plant species
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Cyanea marksii
St Helena olive
Victoria regina
White Milkweed
Droserapites
Protea Plant
Hibbertia Rufa

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