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Law Firm Perspective
Global 2012


Preparing for growth
Conditions remain highly variable within the real estate markets at
the core of global law firm portfolios. A number of markets are seeing
diminishing availability of high quality space options, while others
present good opportunities for law firms to enhance their position.


As clouds remain on the macroeconomic horizon, and caution persists,
law firms will need to adopt a forensic approach to the management of
their real estate portfolio. This will ensure that assets are optimised and
that firms outperform their direct competitors.


Opportunism will be evident in some real estate markets as law
firms react to the changing environment. The traditional focus on
prime locations and trophy buildings will remain, but it will also be
accompanied by a new emphasis on workplace productivity and
space efficiency.
With pressure on firms
      to improve the efficiency
      and utilisation of their
      office space, and a
      growing number of firms
      exploring more open
      plan workplaces with a
      less cellular structure,
      many law firms are
      finding that today’s
      demands are testing
...   their existing buildings.
Jones Lang LaSalle   Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012 3
4 Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012	                                                                                                      Jones Lang LaSalle




Jones Lang LaSalle Law Firm Group


In the challenging economic environment we live in today, those                 occupancy services to our law firm clients, nationally and globally. The
who are tasked with management responsibility for global, national              team understands the importance of providing timely, accurate and
or regional law firms increasingly find themselves in the real estate           relevant market information to our clients to enable them to efficiently
business as a matter of sound firm management. The amount of time               manage their real estate in such a way as to generate maximum
required to deal with portfolios in multiple offices in different cities and/   productivity while mitigating cost.
or countries has increased, and has become ever more complex with
critical events arising on a regular basis. These events are nearly             Accordingly, we are proud to present the latest version of our global
always contextual; accordingly, they require a deep understanding of            market perspective. This annual report provides information on 30+
local market conditions for proper evaluation and action.                       major markets across the Americas, Asia Pacific and Europe, the
                                                                                Middle East and Africa. The report details market trends for law firms
With over 1,000 offices in 70 countries worldwide, Jones Lang LaSalle           around the globe, with the goal of assisting you and your firm in
has the scope and platform to have a robust firm understanding of               navigating the increasingly complex global marketplace.
those issues and events.
                                                                                We trust you will find this information useful and solicit your feedback if
The Jones Lang LaSalle Law Firm Group concentrates on developing                there are areas, that you would like to see expanded in the future.
occupancy strategies, executing transactions and providing related
Jones Lang LaSalle                                                        Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012 5




In this report


Jones Lang LaSalle Law Firm Group	    4   	        Melbourne	                                             28

In this report	                       5   	        Shanghai	                                              29

Global overview	                      6   	        Singapore	                                             30

Law firm market map	                  8   	        Sydney	                                                31

Global office property clock	         9   	        Tokyo	                                                 32

Americas	                            10   EMEA	                                                           33

	           Atlanta	                 11   	        Amsterdam	                                             34

	           Boston	                  12   	        Brussels	                                              35

	           Chicago	                 13   	        Dubai  Abu Dhabi	                                     36

	           Dallas	                  14   	        Germany	                                               37

	           Houston	                 15   	        London City	                                           39

	           Los Angeles	             16   	        Madrid	                                                40

	           Miami	                   17   	        Milan	                                                 41

	           New York	                18   	        Moscow	                                                42

	           Philadelphia	            19   	        Paris	                                                 43

	           San Francisco	           20   	        Warsaw	                                                44

	           Washington, DC	          21   Contacts	                                                       45

	           Montréal	                22

	           Toronto	                 23

	           Vancouver	               24

Asia Pacific	                        25

	           Beijing	                 26

	           Hong Kong	               27
6 Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012	                                                                                                Jones Lang LaSalle




Law Firm Global Perspective


Law firms continue to face a tough global operating environment, with      become increasingly critical growth drivers for all business sectors -
macroeconomic pressures and uncertainty bearing down on many               including law firms.
of the business sectors they serve. After a period of international
expansion and growth prior to the global financial crisis, the last four   Emerging market expansion returning to the agenda
years have seen contraction and restructuring in the sector, with those    Firms are increasingly looking to Asia for growth opportunities, with
firms previously dependent on financial services, particularly heavily     a cluster of MA activity between US, UK and established Australian
impacted. The fall of Dewey  LeBoeuf is perhaps the most notable          firms as international firms seek to grow their presence in Asia. Africa is
example of the financial pressure faced by international firms but many    also emerging as a nascent destination for law firms seeking to partner
others have had to restructure, shed lawyers and pare back expansion       with the growing number of corporate clients growing their businesses
plans in light of the more challenging operating environment.              in the region. Morocco has been one particular area of focus for law
                                                                           firms over the past year with activity including Bird Bird forming an
Margin pressure and tougher operating conditions have had an explicit      association with El Amari  Associés, a legal services provider in
and pronounced impact on the real estate strategies of law firms. A        Casablanca. Istanbul has been another market of focus, while many
more proactive management of real estate as a tool to both reduce          established firms in Moscow are seeing solid growth in business
operating costs and improve productivity is being realised by many         derived from domestic Russian clients.
managing partners in law firms in the US, UK and beyond.
                                                                           Consolidation and lease events drive demand in mature markets
This report assesses the real estate market conditions for law firms       Lease events remain a key driver of real estate activity in mature
in over 30 mature and emerging locations around the globe - the            markets, in the absence of expansionary demand, acting as catalysts
opportunities and challenges vary widely. For those firms operating        for change and analysis of real estate options and strategy. Lease
in multiple regions a clear understanding of this variance is becoming     regears, renewals and renegotiations have been seen widely in
critical to achieving sustainable growth.                                  European markets, as firms have sought to take advantage of softer
                                                                           real estate market conditions and improve the terms of existing leases.
Clouds remain on the economic horizon
After a promising start to 2012, prospects have become gloomier            In markets such as the UK consolidation is being widely seen among
across the global economy. Once more it is problems in the developed       mid-tier firms, with a number of firms linking up with regional and
world that are causing concern. Recent weeks have brought both             national contemporaries to benefit from greater economies of scale.
greater optimism and new fears in the Eurozone. The ECB’s new plan         Such moves have been driving a consistent level of activity in real
for bond purchases and German support for additional ESM funds             estate markets as firms take the opportunity to review existing real
mean that the euro area at last has a credible strategy to ease market     estate and optimise portfolios for the shape of the new business.
speculation. At the same time, the deteriorating situation in Spain is
an uncomfortable reminder that economic concerns will not disappear        Larger, established firms have also shown an appetite to leverage the
overnight. Such macroeconomic uncertainty has had a corrosive effect       reduction in operating costs that active management of the real estate
on corporate sentiment, and confidence remains fragile.                    portfolio can bring. Cost-saving and space-saving solutions are being
                                                                           widely explored with a some leading firms adopting the more open-
The legacy of the financial crisis remains a yawning performance           plan, efficient work spaces that many other companies have adopted in
gap between advanced and emerging economies. Within a global               other business sectors.
expansion of 2.4% over the year, GDP growth in developed economies
is projected to be 1.3% during 2012 as deleveraging continues.             Building obsolescence an issue to watch
Prospects for emerging markets are slower than last year, but the          With pressure on firms to improve the efficiency and utilisation of their
decline leaves growth at an enviable 5% year-on-year. This underlines      office space, and a growing number of firms exploring more open
the fact that the emerging markets, particularly those in Asia, will       plan workplaces with a less cellular structure, many law firms are
Jones Lang LaSalle                                                          Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012 7




finding that today’s demands are testing their existing buildings. These
pressures are compounded by an increasing focus on sustainability
and CSR objectives – areas in which real estate can make a significant
and tangible impact. Over the coming years, and across a range of
global markets, building obsolescence will emerge a key issue forcing
relocation and impacting real estate strategy.

Onshore, Nearshore, Offshore?
Some law firms have also been assessing opportunities for locating
business functions in lower cost nearshore or offshore locations as a
further way of reducing real estate costs in prime head office locations.
After magic circle firms such as Clifford Chance and Allen  Overy
explored shared service centres in India and Belfast, in 2007 and 2011
respectively, other large firms have been considering such moves,
although perhaps not at the pace initially anticipated by many
industry observers.

There is also a growing trend to outsource low grade legal work with
many corporates looking to hand over routine legal work to lower-cost
suppliers. Some big corporations, including Rio Tinto, are outsourcing
routine legal tasks, fuelling rapid growth at outsourced providers like
Axiom, CPA Global and Pangea3, which was acquired by Thomson
Reuters. The outsourcing of legal services is likely to continue apace
impacting real estate requirements and strategy.

Real estate strategy to influence competitive position and
firm performance
The tough economic and operating conditions firms have faced since
the global financial crisis of 2008 have forced many businesses to
manage operating costs more actively. Law firms have clearly not been
immune to that pressure. The value of real estate and effective portfolio
management as a tool to manage costs and improve productivity,
has seen it move up the agenda for many companies. This report
highlights the challenges and opportunities facing law firms in the wide
range of international markets many now operate. As we move into
2013, a considered and forensic approach to real estate strategy and
decision making will become increasingly critical for law firms seeking
to outperform their competitors and maximise their own performance.
8 Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012	                                                                                                      Jones Lang LaSalle




Law firm market map




                                                                                             Mosow
                                                                  Amsterdam Germany
                                                             London City
     Vancouver                          Toronto Montreal             Paris Brussels Warsaw
                                Chicago            Boston                     Milan
 San Francisco                   Philadelphia New York                                                               Beijing
                                                               Madrid
                            Dallas           Washington DC
   Los Angeles                                                                                                                                Tokyo
                                          Atlanta
                                                                                                                                  Shanghai
                               Houston
                                           Miami
                                                                                                     Dubai 
                                                                                                                               Hong Kong
                                                                                                     Abu Dhabi

                                                                                                                 Singapore




                                                                                                                                                      Sydney
                                                                                                                                                 Melbourne
Jones Lang LaSalle                                                                                                       Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012 9




Global office property clock



                     Amsterdam
                      Paris CBD
                       Shanghai
              London, Melbourne
                        Stuttgart                                                                                    Singapore



      Moscow, Warsaw, Berlin,
        Düsseldorf, Vancouver
                                                   Rental Growth              Rents                                  Hong Kong
               Hamburg, Toronto                          Slowing              Falling
                         Beijing
        Cologne, San Francisco

                Munich, Montréal

                        Houston
                                                   Rental Growth              Rents
                                                    Accelerating              Bottoming Out
                         Sydney                                                                                      Abu Dhabi
                          Dallas
                                                                                                                    Dubai
                       New York                                                                                     Washington DC
                                                                                                                    Madrid
            Boston, Philadelphia                                                                                    Brussels
             Tokyo, Los Angeles                                                                                     Frankfurt, Istanbul, Milan
                                                                                                                    Rome, Atlanta, Chicago, Miami


Americas
Asia Pacific
EMEA




The clock diagram illustrates where Jones Lang LaSalle estimates each        position refers to prime face rental values. Markets with a “step pattern”
prime office market is within its individual rental cycle as at end of the   of rental growth do not tend to follow conventional cycles and are likely
second quarter 2012.                                                         to move between the “hours” of 9 and 12 o’clock only, with 9 o’clock
                                                                             representing a jump in rental levels following a period of stability.
Markets can move around the clock at different speeds and directions.
The diagram is a convenient method of comparing the relative position
of markets in their rental cycle. Their position is not necessarily
representative of investment or development market prospects. Their
10 Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012	                                                                                                                   Jones Lang LaSalle




Americas
Jones Land LaSalle’s law firm index                                        selection. Finally, overall office leverage for tenants has little bearing
This index measures the environment for legal tenants within both a        on the legal sector. High-scoring markets, for example, range from
given market and comparatively among markets throughout the United         Washington, DC, which is moving further into tenant-favourable
States. Three component scores comprise the Jones Lang LaSalle             territory, and New York, the tightest market nationally in terms
law firm index. These three main categories quantify the quality of        of vacancy.
talent within a metro area and footprint of firms in the area (presence
in the market), pricing and concessions favourability across cities and                                  Large presence         Moderate presence         Small presence
availability of space and leverage across markets. The index, which           Index score:
takes into account 30 different metrics and data points among the three                                  Flexible pricing        Moderate pricing          Limited pricing
major buckets, ranks markets that score highly as the most favourable          46.6
for firms to occupy, relocate to and/or expand.                                                          Large availability    Moderate availability     Limited availability



Major gateway markets tend to fall near the top of the list as a large      Tier 1 markets:                    Tier 2 markets:                  Tier 3 markets:
catchment base and status as international gateways are key factors         •	 Law firm friendly               •	 Somewhat law firm             •	 Not law firm friendly
                                                                            •	 Strong presence of law             friendly                      •	 Small legal footprint
for firms deciding where to maintain offices. Overall trends factor into       firms in metro area             •	 Concentration of law             compared to overall
the index as well: most markets are seeing stagnant to declining levels     •	 Growing or stable legal            firms, but not a key             office market
of legal employment, both in overall volume and as a percentage of             services employment                user of office space          •	 Declining legal
                                                                            •	 Legal services                  •	 Stable or slightly               services employment
office-using and total employment, as well as continued downsizing to          comprises significant              declining legal services         in most cases
maximise efficiency.                                                           portion of office jobs             employment                    •	 Legal services
                                                                            •	 Variety of block                •	 Legal services                   comprises a small
                                                                               options and occupier-              comprises an average             fraction of office jobs
At the same time, cities with significant premiums for Class A and             favourable leverage                portion of office jobs        •	 Limited block
Trophy space manage to outrank their peers, indicating that other                                              •	 Block options exist, but         availability and
                                                                                                                  not readily available            landlord-favourable
factors are more at play in the minds of legal tenants for market                                                                                  leverage
Jones Lang LaSalle                                                                                                                            Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012 11




Atlanta

     Index score:

     52.9
                      Moderate presence


                        Flexible pricing
                                                                                        8.4%
                                                                                         Percent of Class A market
                                                                                                                                        10.0%
                                                                                                                                         Percent of law firms comprising
                       Large availability                                                occupied by law firms                           active tenants in the market


Locational preference: Law firms in Atlanta are located in the Central Business
District along the Peachtree corridor in A-plus tower space, especially
in Midtown. Some firms opt for Downtown for easy access to the city’s
                                                                                        18
                                                                                         Number of law firms occupying
                                                                                                                                        22
                                                                                                                                         Number of AmLaw 100 firms with
courthouses and government agencies, while to the north, Buckhead’s financial            greater than 50,000 sq ft                       offices locally
district has also attracted some of Atlanta’s most visible firms.
                                                                                         2012 Law firm completed transactions
Law firm activity has been relatively quiet in 2012 after a year in which some of the
city’s biggest firms committed to relocating or renewing existing space. ‘Givebacks’                                    Alston  Bird	
                                                                                                                        1201 West Peachtree Street	
of space seem to have stabilised, with many firms keeping the same footprint or
                                                                                                                        366,000 sq ft
even adding small amounts of space. There are no ‘big game hunters’ in the market
                                                                                                                        Relocation
on par with what was seen in 2010 and 2011. Activity has been concentrated in the
Buckhead and Midtown submarkets with a handful of renewals occurring Downtown.                                          Paul Hastings	
Conditions generally remain in favour of occupiers, and particularly for this highly                                    1170 Peachtree Street	
sought-after tenant sector.                                                                                             75,000 sq ft	
                                                                                                                        Relocation
Nonetheless, large firms seeking premium high-floor Trophy space in Buckhead will
find options limited. Demand is likely to funnel towards Midtown given the Class A                                      Bondurant Mixson  Elmore
vacancies that remain elevated there. Overall, law firm growth appears to be neutral                                    1201 West Peachtree Street
in Atlanta.                                                                                                             35,000 sq ft
                                                                                                                        Renewal with expansion



                                                                                         Active Law Firm Requirements in the market (sq ft)
                                                                                         Bryan Cave                                                                          90,000

                                                                                         Hunton  Williams                                                                   70,000

                                                                                         Burr  Forman                                                                       40,000


                                                                                         OUTLOOK
                                                                                        Top challenges for law firms
                                                                                        •	 Particularly in Buckhead, there is limited availability of large contiguous blocks
 PRICING AND incentives                                                                    of premium space in the Trophy towers, which will cause pricing conditions to
                                                                                           tighten sooner than other urban submarkets.
 Overall
                                                                                        •	 Space options are further limited for law firms unwilling to relocate into buildings
 Average Class A asking rent                                   $25.10                      already occupied by competing legal groups.
 % annual change in Class A asking rent                        2.2%
                                                                                        Top opportunities for law firms
 Average % rent discount for negotiated rent                   4.3%                     •	 Midtown, Atlanta’s traditional legal corridor, still has plenty of choices for top-tier
 Average % rent premium for Trophy space                       12.0%                       blocks of space, and thus landlords remain generally aggressive on
                                                                                           concessions here.
 Average % rent discount for sublease space                    24.0%                    •	 One of the most highly sought-after tenant sectors, law firms can capitalise on
 Average annual escalation or bump                             2.8%                        market conditions that overall, across the region, remain tenant-favourable as
                                                                                           owners fight to lure tenants.
 New/Renewal (assuming 10-year term)
                                                                                                                                                               Tenant-favourable market
 Class A tenant improvement allowance ($ price per sq ft)      $54.00/$23.00                2012         2013         2014        2015         2016            Neutral market
 Class A free rent (months)                                    12/4                                                                                            Landlord-favourable market
12 Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012	                                                                                                                                Jones Lang LaSalle




Boston

    Index score:

     51.3
                             Large presence


                            Moderate pricing
                                                                                                 20.0% 16.3%
                                                                                                  Percent of Class A market                      Percent of law firms comprising
                           Moderate availability                                                  occupied by law firms                          active tenants in the market


Locational preference: The city’s premier law firms occupy space at the most
prestigious office towers in Boston’s Back Bay, Financial and Seaport Districts.
Over the course of the past year, some law firms that have been traditionally
                                                                                                 33
                                                                                                  Number of law firms occupying
                                                                                                                                               29Number of AmLaw 100 firms with
                                                                                                  greater than 50,000 sq ft                      offices locally
located in the suburbs or Cambridge have chosen to move to the
Seaport District.
                                                                                                  2012 Law firm completed transactions
It was a rather quiet year for the legal services industry in the Boston area. With
                                                                                                                               Mintz Levin	
limited large lease expirations and the volatility in the greater economy, rightsizing
                                                                                                                               One Financial Center	
was still a trend for those firms transacting. While some law firms have cut
                                                                                                                               245,000 sq ft	
headcount over the past few years, many are realising their current spaces are                                                 Renewal
not as efficient as they could be. Gone are the days where large law libraries are
needed. Law firms are now looking towards technology to provide greater workplace                                              Pepper Hamilton	
solutions and this is reducing space needs by close to 20.0 percent in many cases.                                             125 High Street	
With the high cost to fit-out space versus the amount landlords will contribute in                                             42,105 sq ft	
tenant improvement allowances, law firms are faced with the economic challenge of                                              Renewal with expansion
obsolete work space or increased capital expenditures to make a change.
                                                                                                                               Collora	
Boston still remains a core real estate market and a market that many national law                                             100 High Street	
firms continue to add a presence to. Comprising approximately 20.0 percent of the                                              18,698 sq ft	
                                                                                                                               Relocation
Class A market, along with just over 16.0 percent of active tenants in the market, law
firms will still play a significant role in real estate activity this year and their decisions
will continue to shape the future of ever-changing occupier trends.
                                                                                                  Active Law Firm Requirements in the market (sq ft)
                                                                                                 Goodwin Procter                                                                  360,000

                                                                                                 Goulston  Storrs                                                                140,000

                                                                                                 Riemer  Braunstein                                                               60,000


                                                                                                  OUTLOOK
                                                                                                 Top challenges for law firms
                                                                                                 •	 Firms in obsolete space face economic challenges due to a jump in rents for
 PRICING AND incentives                                                                             quality, efficient footprints.
                                                                                                 •	 Premier large blocks of space are dwindling.
 Overall
 Average Class A asking rent                                           $52.24
 % annual change in Class A asking rent                                6.7%
                                                                                                 Top opportunities for law firms
 Average % rent discount for negotiated rent                           10.0%                     •	 Tenants still have a small window of opportunity to find real value in CBD low and
 Average % rent premium for Trophy space                               22.0%                        mid-rise space options.
                                                                                                 •	 Larger, creditworthy firms can partake in potential build-to-suit opportunities in the
 Average % rent discount for sublease space                            35.0%                        developing Seaport District.
 Average annual escalation or bump                                     2.0%
 New/Renewal (assuming 10-year term)
                                                                                                                                                                     Tenant-favourable market
 Class A tenant improvement allowance ($ price per sq ft)              $60.00/$35.00                 2012        2013        2014         2015        2016           Neutral market
 Class A free rent (months)                                            5/2                                                                                           Landlord-favourable market
Jones Lang LaSalle                                                                                                                        Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012 13




Chicago

    Index score:

     58.4
                         Large presence


                        Moderate pricing
                                                                                        16.5% 20.0%
                                                                                         Percent of Class A market                     Percent of law firms comprising
                        Large availability                                               occupied by law firms                         active tenants in the market


Locational preference: The majority of Chicago’s law firm tenants are located in
the West Loop and Central Loop submarkets. However, two new office towers
in River North have attracted law firms north of the river.
                                                                                        54
                                                                                         Number of law firms occupying
                                                                                                                                     36Number of AmLaw 100 firms with
                                                                                         greater than 50,000 sq ft                     offices locally

For many firms, economic realities have fundamentally changed the legal industry
in what seems to be a permanent way. Lower and more competitive fee structures           2012 Law firm completed transactions
have affected margins, causing firms to re-examine all expenses including real
                                                                                                                      Foley	
estate. In addition, firms with second-generation or older space are finding that
                                                                                                                      321 N Clark Street	
it is no longer conducive to how they practise law. The firms that have made the
                                                                                                                      173,000 sq ft	
commitment to build modern space are benefitting from the investment, but there                                       Renewal with contraction
are significant capital barriers that prevent others from doing the same.
                                                                                                                      Latham  Watkins	
The Chicago market remains largely tenant favourable; however indicators are                                          330 N Wabash Avenue	
showing early signs of the environment trending towards more neutral conditions.                                      137,000 sq ft	
The exception to this is large users, including many law firms, which have dealt with                                 Relocation
a dearth of large block options for some time and are already feeling the impact of
a leverage shift. Though several developers have plans to break ground in the near                                    Perkins Coie	
future, delivery of a new building is still several years away.                                                       131 S Dearborn Street	
                                                                                                                      104,000 sq ft	
Continued economic uncertainty, as well as merger and acquisition activity, have                                      Renewal with expansion
left some decision-makers cautious when considering future space plans and how
to accommodate the seemingly inevitable fluctuations in office needs. No matter the
size of the firm, negotiating flexible lease terms will be paramount to law firms       Active Law Firm Requirements in the market (sq ft)
going forward.                                                                          McDermott                                                                       250,000

                                                                                        DLA Piper                                                                       225,000

                                                                                        SNR Denton                                                                      125,000


                                                                                         OUTLOOK
                                                                                        Top challenges for law firms
                                                                                        •	 Large tenants are beginning to feel the effects of a tightening big block market,
 PRICING AND incentives                                                                    resulting in a shift in leverage in favour of landlords.
                                                                                        •	 The field of viable options for large users will continue to narrow in the coming
 Overall
                                                                                           years as new development is four to five years away from delivery.
 Average Class A asking rent                                    $35.87
 % annual change in Class A asking rent                         8.0%
                                                                                        Top opportunities for law firms
 Average % rent discount for negotiated rent                    5.0%                    •	 Small- and mid-sized law firms still have an abundance of options in the market,
 Average % rent premium for Trophy space                        34.0%                      allowing them to more easily secure transactions that reduce operating costs.
                                                                                        •	 An increasing number of law firms are considering aggressive space standards,
 Average % rent discount for sublease space                     30.0%                      including universal office sizes for attorneys, which along with several other
 Average annual escalation or bump                              2.5%                       efficiency initiatives, has helped firms give back approximately 17.0 percent of
                                                                                           space when they relocate locally.
 New/Renewal (assuming 10-year term)
                                                                                                                                                           Tenant-favourable market
 Class A tenant improvement allowance ($ price per sq ft)       $65.00/$45.00               2012        2013        2014        2015        2016           Neutral market
 Class A free rent (months)                                     9/5                                                                                        Landlord-favourable market
14 Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012	                                                                                                                    Jones Lang LaSalle




Dallas

    Index score:

     53.0
                            Large presence


                             Flexible pricing
                                                                                       14.0% 5.0%
                                                                                        Percent of Class A market                    Percent of law firms comprising
                            Large availability                                          occupied by law firms                        active tenants in the market


Locational preference: Approximately 80.0 percent of law firms are located in
the Dallas CBD and Uptown submarkets, with some additional firms located in
Preston Center, N Central Expressway and Far North Dallas.
                                                                                       23
                                                                                        Number of law firms occupying
                                                                                                                                   19Number of AmLaw 100 firms with
                                                                                        greater than 50,000 sq ft                    offices locally
In the next few years there will a great deal of churn in the law firm space as many
firms have leases expiring in the 2013 to 2016 time frame. Typically firms are          2012 Law firm completed transactions
located in second-generation Class A buildings in the Dallas CBD and will need to
make the decision to renew at the older, less desirable locations or move to newer,                                  Baron  Budd	
                                                                                                                     3102 Oak Lawn Avenue	
more expensive locations (i.e. Uptown). This next wave of lease expirations in 2013
                                                                                                                     47,030 sq ft	
already has several of these firms actively pursuing spaces in the market.
                                                                                                                     Renewal with expansion
There is a great deal of churn anticipated over the next few years with law firms
                                                                                                                     Hallett  Perrin	
in older spaces more likely to move (buildings like Lincoln Plaza, Trammell Crow                                     1445 Ross Avenue	
Center, 2100 Ross, and Fountain Place are expected to benefit), while law firms in                                   23,427 sq ft	
more modern space are more likely to renew.                                                                          Relocation

New construction in Uptown is an attractive draw, but the economics of Class A                                       Jackson Lewis	
space in the CBD will win out in many cases, where rents are 30.0 to 40.0                                            500 North Akard Street	
percent lower.                                                                                                       19,647 sq ft	
                                                                                                                     Relocation



                                                                                        Active Law Firm Requirements in the market (sq ft)
                                                                                        Locke Lord                                                                    180,000

                                                                                        Jones Day                                                                     140,000

                                                                                        Jackson Walker                                                                120,000


                                                                                        OUTLOOK
                                                                                       Top challenges for law firms
                                                                                       •	 The overall market has shifted from strongly tenant-favourable to more neutral
 PRICING AND incentives                                                                   conditions and net effective rents are rising, especially in Uptown.
                                                                                       •	 Limited new construction over the next few years will force law firms with near-
 Overall
                                                                                          term lease expirations to renew in place or consider second-generation space.
 Average Class A asking rent                                    $21.25                 •	 Financing constraints for new development will push construction levels below
                                                                                          historic norms.
 % annual change in Class A asking rent                         1.5%
                                                                                       Top opportunities for law firms
 Average % rent discount for negotiated rent                    12.0%                  •	 An abundance of full-floor or smaller blocks of space remain available for
 Average % rent premium for Trophy space                        30.0%                     smaller firms.
                                                                                       •	 One or two new construction projects may begin construction in the intermediate
 Average % rent discount for sublease space                     40.0%                     term, which could deliver in the next 24 to 30 months.
 Average annual escalation or bump                              2.5%                   •	 The increase in institutional ownership in the CBD makes existing properties
                                                                                          more attractive to law firms.
 New/Renewal (assuming 10-year term)
                                                                                                                                                         Tenant-favourable market
 Class A tenant improvement allowance ($ price per sq ft)       $45.00/$20.00              2012        2013       2014        2015        2016           Neutral market
 Class A free rent (months)                                     12/0                                                                                     Landlord-favourable market
Jones Lang LaSalle                                                                                                                            Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012 15




Houston

    Index score:

    49.8
                           Large presence


                          Moderate pricing
                                                                                            15.0% 2.0%
                                                                                             Percent of Class A market                   Percent of law firms comprising
                          Large availability                                                 occupied by law firms                       active tenants in the market


Locational preference: The majority of law firms are located in the CBD, Galleria and
Greenway Plaza submarkets. Firms tend to prefer Trophy or Class A space in close
proximity to energy clients, as well as those buildings near the CBD courthouse with
                                                                                            28
                                                                                             Number of law firms occupying
                                                                                                                                       44Number of AmLaw 100 firms with
marketable and well-known addresses. Due to the current scarcity of large blocks             greater than 50,000 sq ft                   offices locally
of available space in the preferred submarkets, as well as the recent shift of new
construction and clients to the West Houston submarkets, law firms will soon be              2012 Law firm completed transactions
forced to expand their search for space towards these suburban areas.
                                                                                                                         Morgan Lewis	
                                                                                                                         1000 Louisiana Street	
Houston’s status as a global energy leader has enabled a large influx of law firms to
                                                                                                                         89,518 sq ft	
locate in Houston and the CBD. Centrally located near the Houston City Hall and city
                                                                                                                         Renewal
and county court houses, the CBD attracts and retains boutique law firms specialising
in commercial and global energy practice litigation. The CBD remains Houston’s                                           Crain Caton  James 	
predominant location for law firm tenants, with over 4.4 million square feet being                                       1401 McKinney Street	
occupied by notable tenants such as Vinson  Elkins, Fulbright  Jaworski and Baker                                      29,558 sq ft	
Botts, among many others.                                                                                                Renewal

Law firm tenants in the market have remained active despite the recent economic                                          Strasburger Price	
slowdown. While we have recently seen several notable lease transactions, such as                                        909 Fannin Street	
Morgan Lewis’ renewal of nearly 90,000 square feet at the iconic Wells Fargo Plaza                                       28,226 sq ft	
(1000 Louisiana), the current trend among Houston law firms is to downsize and give                                      Expansion
back space. For example, Locke Lord recently gave back four floors of space totaling
110,000 square feet at Chase Tower (600 Travis). Furthermore, it has been noted that
Locke Lord temporarily ceased the subsidisation of its associates’ parking; all a move to   Active Law Firm Requirements in the market (sq ft)
cut costs in light of the national economic downturn.
                                                                                            Susman Godfrey                                                                   75,000
Law firm tenants continue to proceed in a cautiously optimistic manner, and cost control    Coats Rose                                                                       60,000
seems to be the key objective of many firms in the area. However, we expect activity to
increase in the coming years as many law firm leases are set to expire over the next 24     BakerHostetler                                                                   50,000
to 36 months. This will result in an increased competition for quality, second-generation
space. While construction costs for commercial law firm build-outs are increasing, they
                                                                                             OUTLOOK
have held fairly steady over the past 12 months. For renovations of second-generation
office space, hard construction costs for upgraded law firm projects range from $40 per     Top challenges for law firms
square foot on the low end to $80 per square foot on the higher end.                        •	 Large blocks of space available in choice submarkets (CBD, Greenway Plaza)
                                                                                               will continue to decline as no new developments are in the pipeline.
 PRICING AND incentives                                                                     •	 Landlords will continue to raise asking rents and scale back concession
 Overall                                                                                       packages in prime Class A buildings as Houston’s economy continues to grow.
                                                                                            •	 In order to secure the most favourable rates on available space, law firms must
 Average Class A asking rent                                        $37.89                     be willing to enter the market sooner despite future-term lease expirations.
 % annual change in Class A asking rent                             4.0%
                                                                                            Top opportunities for law firms
 Average % rent discount for negotiated rent                        5.0%
                                                                                            •	 Over the next 18 to 36 months, new Class A buildings are coming online in the
 Average % rent premium for Trophy space                            11.0%                      Galleria/West Loop and West Houston submarkets, offering firms the chance to
 Average % rent discount for sublease space                         20.0%                      move into higher-quality spaces with premier amenities.
                                                                                            •	 Energy-focused law firms will continue to see growth as a result of the booming
 Average annual escalation or bump                                  1.8%                       energy market in Houston and in South Texas (Eagle Ford Shale Play).
 New/Renewal (assuming 10-year term)
                                                                                                                                                               Tenant-favourable market
 Class A tenant improvement allowance ($ price per sq ft)           $40.00/$35.00              2012        2013        2014       2015         2016            Neutral market
 Class A free rent (months)                                         6/2                                                                                        Landlord-favourable market
16 Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012	                                                                                                                      Jones Lang LaSalle




Los Angeles

    Index score:

     61.9
                            Large presence


                             Flexible pricing
                                                                                         19.4% 23.0%
                                                                                          Percent of Class A market                    Percent of law firms comprising
                            Large availability                                            occupied by law firms                        active tenants in the market


Locational preference: A majority of CBD law firms are located on Bunker Hill
and the Financial District. A large number of Westside legal tenants tend to
be concentrated in Century City and in the Water Garden in Santa Monica.
                                                                                         80
                                                                                          Number of law firms occupying
                                                                                                                                      51
                                                                                                                                       Number of AmLaw 100 firms with
                                                                                          greater than 50,000 sq ft                    offices locally
Downtown’s financial core could attract well-entrenched Bunker Hill law firms as
the area continues to benefit from retail-led revitalisation. The Westside market
could see a shift away from pricier submarkets such as Beverly Hills and Santa            2012 Law firm completed transactions
Monica, to Century City, which currently has a higher vacancy.
                                                                                                                       Lewis Brisbois Bisgaard  Smith	
                                                                                                                       221 N Figueroa Street	
Los Angeles-based law firm tenants are once again thinking in terms of recruitment
                                                                                                                       160,415 sq ft	
and seeking locations that appeal to their employee base. Law firm Morrison                                            Renewal
Forester has relocated from Bunker Hill to the amenity-rich Financial District and
we anticipate other large downtown relocations in the next couple of quarters. We                                      Alston  Bird	
also expect to see more long-term leases signed as companies gain increasing                                           333 S Hope Street	
confidence in the regional economic outlook.                                                                           80,000 sq ft	
                                                                                                                       Renewal
On the Westside, law firms choosing to locate in Santa Monica, which has the
lowest vacancy in the region, will face strong competition for Class A space.                                          Morrison Foerster	
Entertainment, technology and media companies have driven recent growth. On the                                        707 Wilshire Boulevard	
other hand, Century City will continue to offer prime location opportunities for those                                 77,300 sq ft	
                                                                                                                       Relocation
law firms wishing to trade up.

The Downtown market could see a dramatic change in ownership with one of its
largest owners placing its entire 7.3 million-square-foot portfolio, comprised of 37.0    Active Law Firm Requirements in the market (sq ft)
percent of the downtown Class A market, on the market for sale. Should an existing        Sedgwick                                                                       80,000
large downtown landlord acquire the entire portfolio, the new ownership would
stand to gain substantial leverage, and we could see even greater pricing discipline      Pepper Hamilton                                                                25,000
exerted in the market. Consequently, the window of opportunity to lock in favourable      Polsinelli Shughart                                                            25,000
rates could be more limited.

                                                                                          OUTLOOK
                                                                                         Top challenges for law firms
                                                                                         •	 Potential disposition and sales of the MPG Portfolio to a local competitor could
 PRICING AND incentives                                                                     instill more market discipline and cause rents to increase.
                                                                                         •	 Low vacancy in Santa Monica could compel landlords to increase rents further.
 Overall
                                                                                         •	 Cash-strapped owners remain unable to offer high tenant improvement
 Average Class A asking rent                                     $41.64                     allowances.
 % annual change in Class A asking rent                          1.3%
                                                                                         Top opportunities for law firms
 Average % rent discount for negotiated rent                     10.0%                   •	 A large number of contiguous blocks of space available in Downtown and
 Average % rent premium for Trophy space                         17.3%                      Century City will provide firms with ongoing leverage.
                                                                                         •	 Los Angeles continues to offer law firms great value in terms of rent, relative to
 Average % rent discount for sublease space                      20.0%                      other gateway markets.
 Average annual escalation or bump                               3.5%                    •	 Now is a great opportunity to trade-up to Trophy assets or amenity-rich locations.
 New/Renewal (assuming 10-year term)
                                                                                                                                                           Tenant-favourable market
 Class A tenant improvement allowance ($ price per sq ft)        $60.00/$30.00               2012        2013        2014       2015        2016           Neutral market
 Class A free rent (months)                                      10/4                                                                                      Landlord-favourable market
Jones Lang LaSalle                                                                                                                        Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012 17




Miami

    Index score:

     47.8
                          Large presence


                          Moderate pricing
                                                                                          17.0% 41.7%
                                                                                           Percent of Class A market                   Percent of law firms comprising
                        Moderate availability                                              occupied by law firms                       active tenants in the market


Locational preference: Miami’s CBD is comprised of two submarkets, Brickell
and Downtown. 71.0 percent of Class A law firm users occupy space within
the Downtown sector of the urban core. Up to 600,000 square feet of demand
                                                                                          6Number of law firms occupying
                                                                                                                                     20Number of AmLaw 100 firms with
                                                                                           greater than 50,000 sq ft                   offices locally
is expected from this industry sector. Of this, nearly 344,000 square feet are
actively touring market wide – 85.0 percent of which are CBD requirements.
Look to another 249,000 square feet not yet touring, but up for renewal – all of           2012 Law firm completed transactions
which will remain in the CBD.
                                                                                                                       Hogan Lovells	
                                                                                                                       600 Brickell Avenue	
Despite the dissolutions and defections among law partners and the bleak job
                                                                                                                       40,000 sq ft	
market for new law school graduates, Miami’s legal tenants have still managed to                                       Relocation
renew, expand and open new offices. Market-wide, Trophy product has captured
over 80.0 percent of all law firm transactions, with the bulk of occupancy on a                                        Diaz Reus	
square footage basis occurring in Downtown. On the ‘mega’ tour activity front                                          100 S.E. Second Street	
(requirements at or above the 40,000-square-foot benchmark) over one-quarter or                                        14,500 sq ft	
545,000 square feet of all Miami’s tours fell within this range. While several industry                                Renewal and expansion
sectors made up these tours, the largest in order of size were law firms.
                                                                                                                       Stroock	
One of the first noted transactions to be publicly announced going into third quarter                                  200 S. Biscayne Boulevard	
tracks along the same trend – demand for prime spaces within the CBD and some                                          14,500 sq ft	
                                                                                                                       Renewal
of its largest occupiers emanating from the legal industry. During the first quarter,
Hogan Lovells (AmLaw’s sixth-ranked firm) signed a short-term lease for 21,000
square feet in Downtown at Florida’s largest Trophy asset (Southeast Financial
                                                                                          Active Law Firm Requirements in the market (sq ft)
Center). By third quarter, recent press coverage indicated a long-term commitment
in the CBD’s newest Trophy tower, Brickell World Plaza. The building, located in the      Holland  Knight                                                              100,000
Brickell sector, will see Hogan occupy 40,000 square feet.
                                                                                          Gunster                                                                        25,000

                                                                                          The Ferraro Law Firm                                                           20,000


                                                                                           OUTLOOK
                                                                                          Top challenges for law firms
                                                                                          •	 ‘View space’ for law firms remains limited even in some of the new developments
 PRICING AND incentives                                                                      that delivered vacant during the last cycle.
                                                                                          •	 Space properly sized to accommodate new criteria.
 Overall
                                                                                          •	 Efficient use of space due to new technology (no more big libraries, mailrooms).
 Average Class A asking rent                                      $40.77
 % annual change in Class A asking rent                           -2.3%
                                                                                          Top opportunities for law firms
 Average % rent discount for negotiated rent                      4.0%                    •	 The lease environment remains overall favourable, if not excellent, for
 Average % rent premium for Trophy space                          10.0%                      premium space.
                                                                                          •	 Net rents continue to be driven down due to oversupply via new development in
 Average % rent discount for sublease space                       11.5%                      the last cycle.
 Average annual escalation or bump                                3.0%                    •	 New buildings and upgrades from existing product offer high-end finishes,
                                                                                             increased amenities and efficiencies.
 New/Renewal (assuming 10-year term)
                                                                                                                                                           Tenant-favourable market
 Class A tenant improvement allowance ($ price per sq ft)         $40.00/$35.00              2012        2013       2014        2015          2016         Neutral market
 Class A free rent (months)                                       7/7                                                                                      Landlord-favourable market
18 Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012	                                                                                                                         Jones Lang LaSalle




New York

    Index score:

     61.5
                             Large presence


                             Flexible pricing
                                                                                            11.7% 16.9%
                                                                                             Percent of Class A market                    Percent of law firms comprising
                            Large availability                                               occupied by law firms                        active tenants in the market


Locational preference: The majority of law firms in New York are located in
the Midtown and Downtown submarkets. Specifically, firms gravitate to newer
Class A and Trophy buildings within the Financial District, Columbus Circle,
                                                                                            118
                                                                                             Number of law firms occupying
                                                                                                                                         83
                                                                                                                                          Number of AmLaw 100 firms with
Grand Central, Plaza District and Times Square. There is a migration of firms                greater than 50,000 sq ft                    offices locally
moving to the west side of Midtown and Downtown. With large blocks of Class
A and Trophy space becoming available Downtown at a significant discount to                  2012 Law firm completed transactions
Midtown rents, Downtown provides an attractive alternative for firms to relocate.
Many top firms, however, chose to remain in the Plaza District.                                                           Chadbourne  Parke	
                                                                                                                          1301 Avenue of the Americas	
                                                                                                                          200,000 sq ft	
Despite a handful of high-profile transactions this year, total occupancy in the legal
                                                                                                                          Relocation
services industry has been receding in Manhattan as many firms contract, both in
head count and square feet per employee. Year-to-date, law firm leasing activity                                          Wilson Sonsini Goodrich  Rosati	
represents just 5.3 percent of total, compared to 17.0 percent in 2007.                                                   1301 Avenue of the Americas	
                                                                                                                          48,980 sq ft	
Top New York law firms are facing flat to declining profits, as a result of a contraction                                 Renewal
in overall business volume (in specific, dramatically reduced transaction activity on
Wall Street), increased competition, outsourcing of low margin work and insourcing,                                       Akerman	
with companies increasingly relying on in-house legal staff. Dewey  LeBoeuf—in                                           666 Fifth Avenue	
business for more than a century-filed for bankruptcy in early 2012 and vacated                                           48,166 sq ft	
475,000 square feet at 1301 Avenue of the Americas. Chadbourne  Parke recently                                           Relocation
signed a direct lease to take 200,000 square feet of Dewey’s space. Chadbourne
will fully rebuild Dewey’s space to adopt new law firm standards and efficiencies.
                                                                                             Active Law Firm Requirements in the market (sq ft)
Many legal firms are opting to renew, often several years in advance, to lock-in             White  Case                                                                  400,000
current terms and avoid the upfront costs of relocation and existing asset write-
offs. Kaye Scholer, however, signed a letter of intent to take 260,000 square feet in        Kaye Scholer                                                                  250,000
Boston Properties’ new development at 250 West 55th Street in what may prove to              Mayer Brown                                                                   250,000
be the largest transaction of 2012. A bright spot in the industry has been the modest
rebound in MA activity and growth in the new media and technology industries,
which provides opportunities for firms that specialise in those fields.                      OUTLOOK
                                                                                            Top challenges for law firms
                                                                                            •	 Legal services has been one of the slowest industries to recover from the downturn,
 PRICING AND incentives                                                                        with employment still down 8.5 percent in Manhattan since the 2008 peak.
                                                                                            •	 Rising Trophy rents, coupled with lower profits, are forcing firms, which have
 Overall
                                                                                               traditionally occupied the top end of the market, to consider more cost-
 Average Class A asking rent                                       $65.62                      effective options.
 % annual change in Class A asking rent                            7.4%                     Top opportunities for law firms
                                                                                            •	 By becoming more efficient, law firms that have relocated have been able to
 Average % rent discount for negotiated rent                       15.0%
                                                                                               shed approximately 15 percent of their footprint.
 Average % rent premium for Trophy space                           20.7%                    •	 Even with decreased vacancy rates, viable options are available, particularly in
 Average % rent discount for sublease space                        19.3%                       Midtown West and Downtown, which have a significant amount of
                                                                                               new construction.
 Average annual escalation or bump                                 1.7%                     •	 With the growth of the new media and technology industry, there is opportunity
 New/Renewal (assuming 10-year term)                                                           for firms that specialise in those sectors.
                                                                                                                                                              Tenant-favourable market
 Class A tenant improvement allowance ($ price per sq ft)          $51.69/$31.47                2012        2013        2014       2015        2016           Neutral market
 Class A free rent (months)                                        7/6                                                                                        Landlord-favourable market
Jones Lang LaSalle                                                                                                                          Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012 19




Philadelphia

    Index score:

     50.5
                          Large presence


                         Moderate pricing
                                                                                         20.3% 26.1%
                                                                                          Percent of Class A market                    Percent of law firms comprising
                        Moderate availability                                             occupied by law firms                        active tenants in the market


Locational preference: The majority of Philadelphia’s law firms are located in
the CBD’s Market Street West submarket. This location provides easy access
to abundant amenities and immediate proximity to the city’s concentration
                                                                                         23
                                                                                          Number of law firms occupying
                                                                                                                                     18Number of AmLaw 100 firms with
                                                                                          greater than 50,000 sq ft                    offices locally
of professional services companies. Despite the declined availability of
large contiguous blocks and rental rate increases in Market Street West, the
submarket will remain the core location for law firms.                                    2012 Law firm completed transactions

                                                                                                                      Morgan Lewis	
Law firm activity spiked in 2012 as Market Street West’s largest law firms completed
                                                                                                                      1701 Market Street	
transactions. In light of tightened Trophy conditions, large tenants have come
                                                                                                                      289,432 sq ft	
to market two to three years ahead of expiration, finalising leasing decisions as                                     Renewal
far out as 2015. As year-end 2011 approached, Reed Smith’s market-moving
115,000-square-foot lease at Three Logan Square created a window of opportunity                                       Cozen O’Connor	
for Cozen O’Connor to upgrade its space. The Philadelphia-based firm recently                                         1650 Market Street	
signed a long-term lease to occupy Reed’s One Liberty vacated space upon its                                          200,000 sq ft	
relocation. Morgan Lewis and Ballard Spahr also finalised leasing decisions                                           Relocation
this year.
                                                                                                                      Ballard Spahr	
While Morgan Lewis renewed in place, many of Philadelphia’s CBD law firms are                                         1735 Market Street	
rightsizing existing footprints; by 13.0 percent on average. Ballard Spahr will shed                                  179,000 sq ft	
                                                                                                                      Renewal with contraction
two floors of space at 1735 Market Street, and Reed Smith is decreasing its footprint
by more than 25.0 percent.

Accelerated law firm transaction volumes drove a year-on-year decline in sector          Active Law Firm Requirements in the market (sq ft)
requirements by nearly 50.0 percent. Now, with 440,000 square feet of active firms       Pepper Hamilton                                                                  220,000
in the market, the majority is comprised of small firms, less than 10,000 square
feet requirements. Finalised relocation decisions have decreased high-quality,           Drinker Biddle                                                                   175,000
contiguous blocks of available space, pushing large requirements-focused on              Harkins Cunningham                                                                  9,000
Trophy-to consider new proposed developments. Simultaneously, consolidations are
creating availabilities at Trophy assets, bringing opportunity to small- and mid-sized
firms.                                                                                    OUTLOOK
                                                                                         Top challenges for law firms
                                                                                         •	 Strong Trophy landlord leverage is driving increased rental rates.
 PRICING AND incentives                                                                  •	 With no new office development, large law firms will be faced with limited
                                                                                            contiguous blocks at high-quality assets.
 Overall
                                                                                         •	 Landlords closely monitoring small- to mid-sized law firm credit.
 Average Class A asking rent                                     $27.92
 % annual change in Class A asking rent                          2.1%
                                                                                         Top opportunities for law firms
 Average % rent discount for negotiated rent                     10.0%                   •	 Market Street West’s occupancy-constrained, Class A properties are willing to do
 Average % rent premium for Trophy space                         21.3%                      aggressive deals.
                                                                                         •	 Trophy tenant consolidations have yielded new availabilities for small- to mid-
 Average % rent discount for sublease space                      10.3%                      sized users.
 Average annual escalation or bump                               2.5%                    •	 Class A availabilities are very conducive for half- to full-floor law firms.
 New/Renewal (assuming 10-year term)
                                                                                                                                                             Tenant-favourable market
 Class A tenant improvement allowance ($ price per sq ft)        $45.00/$22.50               2012         2013      2014        2015         2016            Neutral market
 Class A free rent (months)                                      8/4                                                                                         Landlord-favourable market
20 Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012	                                                                                                                         Jones Lang LaSalle




San Francisco

    Index score:

     38.2
                            Large presence


                             Limited pricing
                                                                                      5.2%
                                                                                       Percent of Class A market
                                                                                                                                      8.6%
                                                                                                                                       Percent of law firms comprising
                          Moderate availability                                        occupied by law firms                           active tenants in the market


Locational preference:The majority of law firms in San Francisco are located in
the North and South Financial Districts where premier Class A properties are
concentrated and where law firms can be in close proximity to other businesses
                                                                                      16
                                                                                       Number of law firms occupying
                                                                                                                                      41
                                                                                                                                       Number of AmLaw 100 firms with
and clients. The centre of San Francisco’s business district has shifted in recent     greater than 50,000 sq ft                       offices locally
years towards the South Financial District as companies look to take advantage
of newer office buildings and closer proximity to multiple forms of public             2012 Law firm completed transactions
transportation. Additionally, redevelopment of the Transbay Terminal and the
future extension of the Caltrain rail line are drawing more companies to                                             Lewis Brisbois Bisgaard  Smith	
this submarket.                                                                                                      333 Bush Street	
                                                                                                                     52,000 sq ft	
                                                                                                                     Relocation with contraction
Over the past four years, the legal industry in San Francisco has experienced
a significant decline in occupied space as law firms have been among some of                                         Jackson Lewis	
the most adversely affected companies during the recession. As a result, many                                        50 California Street	
have shed hundreds of thousands of square feet in an effort to reduce costs and                                      18,878 sq ft	
streamline business. Although many large deals have been signed in recent years,                                     Relocation
most involved downsizing or renewing in place - entering the market simply because
of impending lease expirations.                                                                                      Mintz Levin	
                                                                                                                     44 Montgomery Street	
Today, however, there are a handful of firms in the market for expansion space, but                                  15,666 sq ft	
rightsizing and creating a more efficient workplace continue to dominate leasing                                     New deal to the market
activity in this industry.

                                                                                      Active Law Firm Requirements in the market (sq ft)
                                                                                      Coblentz Patch Duffy  West                                                          85,000

                                                                                      Gordon  Rees                                                                        80,000

                                                                                      Fenwick  West                                                                       60,000


                                                                                       OUTLOOK
                                                                                      Top challenges for law firms
                                                                                      •	 Large block availability is dwindling significantly with new supply still 6 to 18 months
 PRICING AND incentives                                                                  away from delivery.
                                                                                      •	 Law firms in the market for large blocks are facing stiff competition from technology
 Overall
                                                                                         companies, which is the fastest growing industry in the market.
 Average Class A asking rent                                    $51.74                •	 Rents have increased significantly and continue to rise, placing pressure on tenants to
                                                                                         either act now or make shorter-term deals to holdover.
 % annual change in Class A asking rent                         17.5%
                                                                                      Top opportunities for law firms
 Average % rent discount for negotiated rent                    5.0%                  •	 Many landlords have begun to build out ‘open’ workspace to appeal to tech tenants;
 Average % rent premium for Trophy space                        24.3%                    these spaces could work for law firms seeking efficiencies.
                                                                                      •	 New developments in the South Financial District will open up opportunities for tenants
 Average % rent discount for sublease space                     32.0%
                                                                                         to relocate from the North Financial District into newer, more efficient space.
 Average annual escalation or bump                              3.0%                  •	 Popularity of the South Financial District and South of Market among tech firms has left
 New/Renewal (assuming 10-year term)                                                     more large blocks in the North Financial District, where many law firms occupy space.
                                                                                                                                                             Tenant-favourable market
 Class A tenant improvement allowance ($ price per sq ft)       $50.00/$25.00             2012        2013         2014         2015         2016            Neutral market
 Class A free rent (months)                                     4/2                                                                                          Landlord-favourable market
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Law Firm Perspective Global 2012

  • 1. Law Firm Perspective Global 2012 Preparing for growth Conditions remain highly variable within the real estate markets at the core of global law firm portfolios. A number of markets are seeing diminishing availability of high quality space options, while others present good opportunities for law firms to enhance their position. As clouds remain on the macroeconomic horizon, and caution persists, law firms will need to adopt a forensic approach to the management of their real estate portfolio. This will ensure that assets are optimised and that firms outperform their direct competitors. Opportunism will be evident in some real estate markets as law firms react to the changing environment. The traditional focus on prime locations and trophy buildings will remain, but it will also be accompanied by a new emphasis on workplace productivity and space efficiency.
  • 2. With pressure on firms to improve the efficiency and utilisation of their office space, and a growing number of firms exploring more open plan workplaces with a less cellular structure, many law firms are finding that today’s demands are testing ... their existing buildings.
  • 3. Jones Lang LaSalle Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012 3
  • 4. 4 Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012 Jones Lang LaSalle Jones Lang LaSalle Law Firm Group In the challenging economic environment we live in today, those occupancy services to our law firm clients, nationally and globally. The who are tasked with management responsibility for global, national team understands the importance of providing timely, accurate and or regional law firms increasingly find themselves in the real estate relevant market information to our clients to enable them to efficiently business as a matter of sound firm management. The amount of time manage their real estate in such a way as to generate maximum required to deal with portfolios in multiple offices in different cities and/ productivity while mitigating cost. or countries has increased, and has become ever more complex with critical events arising on a regular basis. These events are nearly Accordingly, we are proud to present the latest version of our global always contextual; accordingly, they require a deep understanding of market perspective. This annual report provides information on 30+ local market conditions for proper evaluation and action. major markets across the Americas, Asia Pacific and Europe, the Middle East and Africa. The report details market trends for law firms With over 1,000 offices in 70 countries worldwide, Jones Lang LaSalle around the globe, with the goal of assisting you and your firm in has the scope and platform to have a robust firm understanding of navigating the increasingly complex global marketplace. those issues and events. We trust you will find this information useful and solicit your feedback if The Jones Lang LaSalle Law Firm Group concentrates on developing there are areas, that you would like to see expanded in the future. occupancy strategies, executing transactions and providing related
  • 5. Jones Lang LaSalle Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012 5 In this report Jones Lang LaSalle Law Firm Group 4 Melbourne 28 In this report 5 Shanghai 29 Global overview 6 Singapore 30 Law firm market map 8 Sydney 31 Global office property clock 9 Tokyo 32 Americas 10 EMEA 33 Atlanta 11 Amsterdam 34 Boston 12 Brussels 35 Chicago 13 Dubai Abu Dhabi 36 Dallas 14 Germany 37 Houston 15 London City 39 Los Angeles 16 Madrid 40 Miami 17 Milan 41 New York 18 Moscow 42 Philadelphia 19 Paris 43 San Francisco 20 Warsaw 44 Washington, DC 21 Contacts 45 Montréal 22 Toronto 23 Vancouver 24 Asia Pacific 25 Beijing 26 Hong Kong 27
  • 6. 6 Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012 Jones Lang LaSalle Law Firm Global Perspective Law firms continue to face a tough global operating environment, with become increasingly critical growth drivers for all business sectors - macroeconomic pressures and uncertainty bearing down on many including law firms. of the business sectors they serve. After a period of international expansion and growth prior to the global financial crisis, the last four Emerging market expansion returning to the agenda years have seen contraction and restructuring in the sector, with those Firms are increasingly looking to Asia for growth opportunities, with firms previously dependent on financial services, particularly heavily a cluster of MA activity between US, UK and established Australian impacted. The fall of Dewey LeBoeuf is perhaps the most notable firms as international firms seek to grow their presence in Asia. Africa is example of the financial pressure faced by international firms but many also emerging as a nascent destination for law firms seeking to partner others have had to restructure, shed lawyers and pare back expansion with the growing number of corporate clients growing their businesses plans in light of the more challenging operating environment. in the region. Morocco has been one particular area of focus for law firms over the past year with activity including Bird Bird forming an Margin pressure and tougher operating conditions have had an explicit association with El Amari Associés, a legal services provider in and pronounced impact on the real estate strategies of law firms. A Casablanca. Istanbul has been another market of focus, while many more proactive management of real estate as a tool to both reduce established firms in Moscow are seeing solid growth in business operating costs and improve productivity is being realised by many derived from domestic Russian clients. managing partners in law firms in the US, UK and beyond. Consolidation and lease events drive demand in mature markets This report assesses the real estate market conditions for law firms Lease events remain a key driver of real estate activity in mature in over 30 mature and emerging locations around the globe - the markets, in the absence of expansionary demand, acting as catalysts opportunities and challenges vary widely. For those firms operating for change and analysis of real estate options and strategy. Lease in multiple regions a clear understanding of this variance is becoming regears, renewals and renegotiations have been seen widely in critical to achieving sustainable growth. European markets, as firms have sought to take advantage of softer real estate market conditions and improve the terms of existing leases. Clouds remain on the economic horizon After a promising start to 2012, prospects have become gloomier In markets such as the UK consolidation is being widely seen among across the global economy. Once more it is problems in the developed mid-tier firms, with a number of firms linking up with regional and world that are causing concern. Recent weeks have brought both national contemporaries to benefit from greater economies of scale. greater optimism and new fears in the Eurozone. The ECB’s new plan Such moves have been driving a consistent level of activity in real for bond purchases and German support for additional ESM funds estate markets as firms take the opportunity to review existing real mean that the euro area at last has a credible strategy to ease market estate and optimise portfolios for the shape of the new business. speculation. At the same time, the deteriorating situation in Spain is an uncomfortable reminder that economic concerns will not disappear Larger, established firms have also shown an appetite to leverage the overnight. Such macroeconomic uncertainty has had a corrosive effect reduction in operating costs that active management of the real estate on corporate sentiment, and confidence remains fragile. portfolio can bring. Cost-saving and space-saving solutions are being widely explored with a some leading firms adopting the more open- The legacy of the financial crisis remains a yawning performance plan, efficient work spaces that many other companies have adopted in gap between advanced and emerging economies. Within a global other business sectors. expansion of 2.4% over the year, GDP growth in developed economies is projected to be 1.3% during 2012 as deleveraging continues. Building obsolescence an issue to watch Prospects for emerging markets are slower than last year, but the With pressure on firms to improve the efficiency and utilisation of their decline leaves growth at an enviable 5% year-on-year. This underlines office space, and a growing number of firms exploring more open the fact that the emerging markets, particularly those in Asia, will plan workplaces with a less cellular structure, many law firms are
  • 7. Jones Lang LaSalle Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012 7 finding that today’s demands are testing their existing buildings. These pressures are compounded by an increasing focus on sustainability and CSR objectives – areas in which real estate can make a significant and tangible impact. Over the coming years, and across a range of global markets, building obsolescence will emerge a key issue forcing relocation and impacting real estate strategy. Onshore, Nearshore, Offshore? Some law firms have also been assessing opportunities for locating business functions in lower cost nearshore or offshore locations as a further way of reducing real estate costs in prime head office locations. After magic circle firms such as Clifford Chance and Allen Overy explored shared service centres in India and Belfast, in 2007 and 2011 respectively, other large firms have been considering such moves, although perhaps not at the pace initially anticipated by many industry observers. There is also a growing trend to outsource low grade legal work with many corporates looking to hand over routine legal work to lower-cost suppliers. Some big corporations, including Rio Tinto, are outsourcing routine legal tasks, fuelling rapid growth at outsourced providers like Axiom, CPA Global and Pangea3, which was acquired by Thomson Reuters. The outsourcing of legal services is likely to continue apace impacting real estate requirements and strategy. Real estate strategy to influence competitive position and firm performance The tough economic and operating conditions firms have faced since the global financial crisis of 2008 have forced many businesses to manage operating costs more actively. Law firms have clearly not been immune to that pressure. The value of real estate and effective portfolio management as a tool to manage costs and improve productivity, has seen it move up the agenda for many companies. This report highlights the challenges and opportunities facing law firms in the wide range of international markets many now operate. As we move into 2013, a considered and forensic approach to real estate strategy and decision making will become increasingly critical for law firms seeking to outperform their competitors and maximise their own performance.
  • 8. 8 Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012 Jones Lang LaSalle Law firm market map Mosow Amsterdam Germany London City Vancouver Toronto Montreal Paris Brussels Warsaw Chicago Boston Milan San Francisco Philadelphia New York Beijing Madrid Dallas Washington DC Los Angeles Tokyo Atlanta Shanghai Houston Miami Dubai Hong Kong Abu Dhabi Singapore Sydney Melbourne
  • 9. Jones Lang LaSalle Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012 9 Global office property clock Amsterdam Paris CBD Shanghai London, Melbourne Stuttgart Singapore Moscow, Warsaw, Berlin, Düsseldorf, Vancouver Rental Growth Rents Hong Kong Hamburg, Toronto Slowing Falling Beijing Cologne, San Francisco Munich, Montréal Houston Rental Growth Rents Accelerating Bottoming Out Sydney Abu Dhabi Dallas Dubai New York Washington DC Madrid Boston, Philadelphia Brussels Tokyo, Los Angeles Frankfurt, Istanbul, Milan Rome, Atlanta, Chicago, Miami Americas Asia Pacific EMEA The clock diagram illustrates where Jones Lang LaSalle estimates each position refers to prime face rental values. Markets with a “step pattern” prime office market is within its individual rental cycle as at end of the of rental growth do not tend to follow conventional cycles and are likely second quarter 2012. to move between the “hours” of 9 and 12 o’clock only, with 9 o’clock representing a jump in rental levels following a period of stability. Markets can move around the clock at different speeds and directions. The diagram is a convenient method of comparing the relative position of markets in their rental cycle. Their position is not necessarily representative of investment or development market prospects. Their
  • 10. 10 Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012 Jones Lang LaSalle Americas Jones Land LaSalle’s law firm index selection. Finally, overall office leverage for tenants has little bearing This index measures the environment for legal tenants within both a on the legal sector. High-scoring markets, for example, range from given market and comparatively among markets throughout the United Washington, DC, which is moving further into tenant-favourable States. Three component scores comprise the Jones Lang LaSalle territory, and New York, the tightest market nationally in terms law firm index. These three main categories quantify the quality of of vacancy. talent within a metro area and footprint of firms in the area (presence in the market), pricing and concessions favourability across cities and Large presence Moderate presence Small presence availability of space and leverage across markets. The index, which Index score: takes into account 30 different metrics and data points among the three Flexible pricing Moderate pricing Limited pricing major buckets, ranks markets that score highly as the most favourable 46.6 for firms to occupy, relocate to and/or expand. Large availability Moderate availability Limited availability Major gateway markets tend to fall near the top of the list as a large Tier 1 markets: Tier 2 markets: Tier 3 markets: catchment base and status as international gateways are key factors • Law firm friendly • Somewhat law firm • Not law firm friendly • Strong presence of law friendly • Small legal footprint for firms deciding where to maintain offices. Overall trends factor into firms in metro area • Concentration of law compared to overall the index as well: most markets are seeing stagnant to declining levels • Growing or stable legal firms, but not a key office market of legal employment, both in overall volume and as a percentage of services employment user of office space • Declining legal • Legal services • Stable or slightly services employment office-using and total employment, as well as continued downsizing to comprises significant declining legal services in most cases maximise efficiency. portion of office jobs employment • Legal services • Variety of block • Legal services comprises a small options and occupier- comprises an average fraction of office jobs At the same time, cities with significant premiums for Class A and favourable leverage portion of office jobs • Limited block Trophy space manage to outrank their peers, indicating that other • Block options exist, but availability and not readily available landlord-favourable factors are more at play in the minds of legal tenants for market leverage
  • 11. Jones Lang LaSalle Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012 11 Atlanta Index score: 52.9 Moderate presence Flexible pricing 8.4% Percent of Class A market 10.0% Percent of law firms comprising Large availability occupied by law firms active tenants in the market Locational preference: Law firms in Atlanta are located in the Central Business District along the Peachtree corridor in A-plus tower space, especially in Midtown. Some firms opt for Downtown for easy access to the city’s 18 Number of law firms occupying 22 Number of AmLaw 100 firms with courthouses and government agencies, while to the north, Buckhead’s financial greater than 50,000 sq ft offices locally district has also attracted some of Atlanta’s most visible firms. 2012 Law firm completed transactions Law firm activity has been relatively quiet in 2012 after a year in which some of the city’s biggest firms committed to relocating or renewing existing space. ‘Givebacks’ Alston Bird 1201 West Peachtree Street of space seem to have stabilised, with many firms keeping the same footprint or 366,000 sq ft even adding small amounts of space. There are no ‘big game hunters’ in the market Relocation on par with what was seen in 2010 and 2011. Activity has been concentrated in the Buckhead and Midtown submarkets with a handful of renewals occurring Downtown. Paul Hastings Conditions generally remain in favour of occupiers, and particularly for this highly 1170 Peachtree Street sought-after tenant sector. 75,000 sq ft Relocation Nonetheless, large firms seeking premium high-floor Trophy space in Buckhead will find options limited. Demand is likely to funnel towards Midtown given the Class A Bondurant Mixson Elmore vacancies that remain elevated there. Overall, law firm growth appears to be neutral 1201 West Peachtree Street in Atlanta. 35,000 sq ft Renewal with expansion Active Law Firm Requirements in the market (sq ft) Bryan Cave 90,000 Hunton Williams 70,000 Burr Forman 40,000 OUTLOOK Top challenges for law firms • Particularly in Buckhead, there is limited availability of large contiguous blocks PRICING AND incentives of premium space in the Trophy towers, which will cause pricing conditions to tighten sooner than other urban submarkets. Overall • Space options are further limited for law firms unwilling to relocate into buildings Average Class A asking rent $25.10 already occupied by competing legal groups. % annual change in Class A asking rent 2.2% Top opportunities for law firms Average % rent discount for negotiated rent 4.3% • Midtown, Atlanta’s traditional legal corridor, still has plenty of choices for top-tier Average % rent premium for Trophy space 12.0% blocks of space, and thus landlords remain generally aggressive on concessions here. Average % rent discount for sublease space 24.0% • One of the most highly sought-after tenant sectors, law firms can capitalise on Average annual escalation or bump 2.8% market conditions that overall, across the region, remain tenant-favourable as owners fight to lure tenants. New/Renewal (assuming 10-year term) Tenant-favourable market Class A tenant improvement allowance ($ price per sq ft) $54.00/$23.00 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Neutral market Class A free rent (months) 12/4 Landlord-favourable market
  • 12. 12 Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012 Jones Lang LaSalle Boston Index score: 51.3 Large presence Moderate pricing 20.0% 16.3% Percent of Class A market Percent of law firms comprising Moderate availability occupied by law firms active tenants in the market Locational preference: The city’s premier law firms occupy space at the most prestigious office towers in Boston’s Back Bay, Financial and Seaport Districts. Over the course of the past year, some law firms that have been traditionally 33 Number of law firms occupying 29Number of AmLaw 100 firms with greater than 50,000 sq ft offices locally located in the suburbs or Cambridge have chosen to move to the Seaport District. 2012 Law firm completed transactions It was a rather quiet year for the legal services industry in the Boston area. With Mintz Levin limited large lease expirations and the volatility in the greater economy, rightsizing One Financial Center was still a trend for those firms transacting. While some law firms have cut 245,000 sq ft headcount over the past few years, many are realising their current spaces are Renewal not as efficient as they could be. Gone are the days where large law libraries are needed. Law firms are now looking towards technology to provide greater workplace Pepper Hamilton solutions and this is reducing space needs by close to 20.0 percent in many cases. 125 High Street With the high cost to fit-out space versus the amount landlords will contribute in 42,105 sq ft tenant improvement allowances, law firms are faced with the economic challenge of Renewal with expansion obsolete work space or increased capital expenditures to make a change. Collora Boston still remains a core real estate market and a market that many national law 100 High Street firms continue to add a presence to. Comprising approximately 20.0 percent of the 18,698 sq ft Relocation Class A market, along with just over 16.0 percent of active tenants in the market, law firms will still play a significant role in real estate activity this year and their decisions will continue to shape the future of ever-changing occupier trends. Active Law Firm Requirements in the market (sq ft) Goodwin Procter 360,000 Goulston Storrs 140,000 Riemer Braunstein 60,000 OUTLOOK Top challenges for law firms • Firms in obsolete space face economic challenges due to a jump in rents for PRICING AND incentives quality, efficient footprints. • Premier large blocks of space are dwindling. Overall Average Class A asking rent $52.24 % annual change in Class A asking rent 6.7% Top opportunities for law firms Average % rent discount for negotiated rent 10.0% • Tenants still have a small window of opportunity to find real value in CBD low and Average % rent premium for Trophy space 22.0% mid-rise space options. • Larger, creditworthy firms can partake in potential build-to-suit opportunities in the Average % rent discount for sublease space 35.0% developing Seaport District. Average annual escalation or bump 2.0% New/Renewal (assuming 10-year term) Tenant-favourable market Class A tenant improvement allowance ($ price per sq ft) $60.00/$35.00 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Neutral market Class A free rent (months) 5/2 Landlord-favourable market
  • 13. Jones Lang LaSalle Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012 13 Chicago Index score: 58.4 Large presence Moderate pricing 16.5% 20.0% Percent of Class A market Percent of law firms comprising Large availability occupied by law firms active tenants in the market Locational preference: The majority of Chicago’s law firm tenants are located in the West Loop and Central Loop submarkets. However, two new office towers in River North have attracted law firms north of the river. 54 Number of law firms occupying 36Number of AmLaw 100 firms with greater than 50,000 sq ft offices locally For many firms, economic realities have fundamentally changed the legal industry in what seems to be a permanent way. Lower and more competitive fee structures 2012 Law firm completed transactions have affected margins, causing firms to re-examine all expenses including real Foley estate. In addition, firms with second-generation or older space are finding that 321 N Clark Street it is no longer conducive to how they practise law. The firms that have made the 173,000 sq ft commitment to build modern space are benefitting from the investment, but there Renewal with contraction are significant capital barriers that prevent others from doing the same. Latham Watkins The Chicago market remains largely tenant favourable; however indicators are 330 N Wabash Avenue showing early signs of the environment trending towards more neutral conditions. 137,000 sq ft The exception to this is large users, including many law firms, which have dealt with Relocation a dearth of large block options for some time and are already feeling the impact of a leverage shift. Though several developers have plans to break ground in the near Perkins Coie future, delivery of a new building is still several years away. 131 S Dearborn Street 104,000 sq ft Continued economic uncertainty, as well as merger and acquisition activity, have Renewal with expansion left some decision-makers cautious when considering future space plans and how to accommodate the seemingly inevitable fluctuations in office needs. No matter the size of the firm, negotiating flexible lease terms will be paramount to law firms Active Law Firm Requirements in the market (sq ft) going forward. McDermott 250,000 DLA Piper 225,000 SNR Denton 125,000 OUTLOOK Top challenges for law firms • Large tenants are beginning to feel the effects of a tightening big block market, PRICING AND incentives resulting in a shift in leverage in favour of landlords. • The field of viable options for large users will continue to narrow in the coming Overall years as new development is four to five years away from delivery. Average Class A asking rent $35.87 % annual change in Class A asking rent 8.0% Top opportunities for law firms Average % rent discount for negotiated rent 5.0% • Small- and mid-sized law firms still have an abundance of options in the market, Average % rent premium for Trophy space 34.0% allowing them to more easily secure transactions that reduce operating costs. • An increasing number of law firms are considering aggressive space standards, Average % rent discount for sublease space 30.0% including universal office sizes for attorneys, which along with several other Average annual escalation or bump 2.5% efficiency initiatives, has helped firms give back approximately 17.0 percent of space when they relocate locally. New/Renewal (assuming 10-year term) Tenant-favourable market Class A tenant improvement allowance ($ price per sq ft) $65.00/$45.00 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Neutral market Class A free rent (months) 9/5 Landlord-favourable market
  • 14. 14 Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012 Jones Lang LaSalle Dallas Index score: 53.0 Large presence Flexible pricing 14.0% 5.0% Percent of Class A market Percent of law firms comprising Large availability occupied by law firms active tenants in the market Locational preference: Approximately 80.0 percent of law firms are located in the Dallas CBD and Uptown submarkets, with some additional firms located in Preston Center, N Central Expressway and Far North Dallas. 23 Number of law firms occupying 19Number of AmLaw 100 firms with greater than 50,000 sq ft offices locally In the next few years there will a great deal of churn in the law firm space as many firms have leases expiring in the 2013 to 2016 time frame. Typically firms are 2012 Law firm completed transactions located in second-generation Class A buildings in the Dallas CBD and will need to make the decision to renew at the older, less desirable locations or move to newer, Baron Budd 3102 Oak Lawn Avenue more expensive locations (i.e. Uptown). This next wave of lease expirations in 2013 47,030 sq ft already has several of these firms actively pursuing spaces in the market. Renewal with expansion There is a great deal of churn anticipated over the next few years with law firms Hallett Perrin in older spaces more likely to move (buildings like Lincoln Plaza, Trammell Crow 1445 Ross Avenue Center, 2100 Ross, and Fountain Place are expected to benefit), while law firms in 23,427 sq ft more modern space are more likely to renew. Relocation New construction in Uptown is an attractive draw, but the economics of Class A Jackson Lewis space in the CBD will win out in many cases, where rents are 30.0 to 40.0 500 North Akard Street percent lower. 19,647 sq ft Relocation Active Law Firm Requirements in the market (sq ft) Locke Lord 180,000 Jones Day 140,000 Jackson Walker 120,000 OUTLOOK Top challenges for law firms • The overall market has shifted from strongly tenant-favourable to more neutral PRICING AND incentives conditions and net effective rents are rising, especially in Uptown. • Limited new construction over the next few years will force law firms with near- Overall term lease expirations to renew in place or consider second-generation space. Average Class A asking rent $21.25 • Financing constraints for new development will push construction levels below historic norms. % annual change in Class A asking rent 1.5% Top opportunities for law firms Average % rent discount for negotiated rent 12.0% • An abundance of full-floor or smaller blocks of space remain available for Average % rent premium for Trophy space 30.0% smaller firms. • One or two new construction projects may begin construction in the intermediate Average % rent discount for sublease space 40.0% term, which could deliver in the next 24 to 30 months. Average annual escalation or bump 2.5% • The increase in institutional ownership in the CBD makes existing properties more attractive to law firms. New/Renewal (assuming 10-year term) Tenant-favourable market Class A tenant improvement allowance ($ price per sq ft) $45.00/$20.00 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Neutral market Class A free rent (months) 12/0 Landlord-favourable market
  • 15. Jones Lang LaSalle Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012 15 Houston Index score: 49.8 Large presence Moderate pricing 15.0% 2.0% Percent of Class A market Percent of law firms comprising Large availability occupied by law firms active tenants in the market Locational preference: The majority of law firms are located in the CBD, Galleria and Greenway Plaza submarkets. Firms tend to prefer Trophy or Class A space in close proximity to energy clients, as well as those buildings near the CBD courthouse with 28 Number of law firms occupying 44Number of AmLaw 100 firms with marketable and well-known addresses. Due to the current scarcity of large blocks greater than 50,000 sq ft offices locally of available space in the preferred submarkets, as well as the recent shift of new construction and clients to the West Houston submarkets, law firms will soon be 2012 Law firm completed transactions forced to expand their search for space towards these suburban areas. Morgan Lewis 1000 Louisiana Street Houston’s status as a global energy leader has enabled a large influx of law firms to 89,518 sq ft locate in Houston and the CBD. Centrally located near the Houston City Hall and city Renewal and county court houses, the CBD attracts and retains boutique law firms specialising in commercial and global energy practice litigation. The CBD remains Houston’s Crain Caton James predominant location for law firm tenants, with over 4.4 million square feet being 1401 McKinney Street occupied by notable tenants such as Vinson Elkins, Fulbright Jaworski and Baker 29,558 sq ft Botts, among many others. Renewal Law firm tenants in the market have remained active despite the recent economic Strasburger Price slowdown. While we have recently seen several notable lease transactions, such as 909 Fannin Street Morgan Lewis’ renewal of nearly 90,000 square feet at the iconic Wells Fargo Plaza 28,226 sq ft (1000 Louisiana), the current trend among Houston law firms is to downsize and give Expansion back space. For example, Locke Lord recently gave back four floors of space totaling 110,000 square feet at Chase Tower (600 Travis). Furthermore, it has been noted that Locke Lord temporarily ceased the subsidisation of its associates’ parking; all a move to Active Law Firm Requirements in the market (sq ft) cut costs in light of the national economic downturn. Susman Godfrey 75,000 Law firm tenants continue to proceed in a cautiously optimistic manner, and cost control Coats Rose 60,000 seems to be the key objective of many firms in the area. However, we expect activity to increase in the coming years as many law firm leases are set to expire over the next 24 BakerHostetler 50,000 to 36 months. This will result in an increased competition for quality, second-generation space. While construction costs for commercial law firm build-outs are increasing, they OUTLOOK have held fairly steady over the past 12 months. For renovations of second-generation office space, hard construction costs for upgraded law firm projects range from $40 per Top challenges for law firms square foot on the low end to $80 per square foot on the higher end. • Large blocks of space available in choice submarkets (CBD, Greenway Plaza) will continue to decline as no new developments are in the pipeline. PRICING AND incentives • Landlords will continue to raise asking rents and scale back concession Overall packages in prime Class A buildings as Houston’s economy continues to grow. • In order to secure the most favourable rates on available space, law firms must Average Class A asking rent $37.89 be willing to enter the market sooner despite future-term lease expirations. % annual change in Class A asking rent 4.0% Top opportunities for law firms Average % rent discount for negotiated rent 5.0% • Over the next 18 to 36 months, new Class A buildings are coming online in the Average % rent premium for Trophy space 11.0% Galleria/West Loop and West Houston submarkets, offering firms the chance to Average % rent discount for sublease space 20.0% move into higher-quality spaces with premier amenities. • Energy-focused law firms will continue to see growth as a result of the booming Average annual escalation or bump 1.8% energy market in Houston and in South Texas (Eagle Ford Shale Play). New/Renewal (assuming 10-year term) Tenant-favourable market Class A tenant improvement allowance ($ price per sq ft) $40.00/$35.00 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Neutral market Class A free rent (months) 6/2 Landlord-favourable market
  • 16. 16 Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012 Jones Lang LaSalle Los Angeles Index score: 61.9 Large presence Flexible pricing 19.4% 23.0% Percent of Class A market Percent of law firms comprising Large availability occupied by law firms active tenants in the market Locational preference: A majority of CBD law firms are located on Bunker Hill and the Financial District. A large number of Westside legal tenants tend to be concentrated in Century City and in the Water Garden in Santa Monica. 80 Number of law firms occupying 51 Number of AmLaw 100 firms with greater than 50,000 sq ft offices locally Downtown’s financial core could attract well-entrenched Bunker Hill law firms as the area continues to benefit from retail-led revitalisation. The Westside market could see a shift away from pricier submarkets such as Beverly Hills and Santa 2012 Law firm completed transactions Monica, to Century City, which currently has a higher vacancy. Lewis Brisbois Bisgaard Smith 221 N Figueroa Street Los Angeles-based law firm tenants are once again thinking in terms of recruitment 160,415 sq ft and seeking locations that appeal to their employee base. Law firm Morrison Renewal Forester has relocated from Bunker Hill to the amenity-rich Financial District and we anticipate other large downtown relocations in the next couple of quarters. We Alston Bird also expect to see more long-term leases signed as companies gain increasing 333 S Hope Street confidence in the regional economic outlook. 80,000 sq ft Renewal On the Westside, law firms choosing to locate in Santa Monica, which has the lowest vacancy in the region, will face strong competition for Class A space. Morrison Foerster Entertainment, technology and media companies have driven recent growth. On the 707 Wilshire Boulevard other hand, Century City will continue to offer prime location opportunities for those 77,300 sq ft Relocation law firms wishing to trade up. The Downtown market could see a dramatic change in ownership with one of its largest owners placing its entire 7.3 million-square-foot portfolio, comprised of 37.0 Active Law Firm Requirements in the market (sq ft) percent of the downtown Class A market, on the market for sale. Should an existing Sedgwick 80,000 large downtown landlord acquire the entire portfolio, the new ownership would stand to gain substantial leverage, and we could see even greater pricing discipline Pepper Hamilton 25,000 exerted in the market. Consequently, the window of opportunity to lock in favourable Polsinelli Shughart 25,000 rates could be more limited. OUTLOOK Top challenges for law firms • Potential disposition and sales of the MPG Portfolio to a local competitor could PRICING AND incentives instill more market discipline and cause rents to increase. • Low vacancy in Santa Monica could compel landlords to increase rents further. Overall • Cash-strapped owners remain unable to offer high tenant improvement Average Class A asking rent $41.64 allowances. % annual change in Class A asking rent 1.3% Top opportunities for law firms Average % rent discount for negotiated rent 10.0% • A large number of contiguous blocks of space available in Downtown and Average % rent premium for Trophy space 17.3% Century City will provide firms with ongoing leverage. • Los Angeles continues to offer law firms great value in terms of rent, relative to Average % rent discount for sublease space 20.0% other gateway markets. Average annual escalation or bump 3.5% • Now is a great opportunity to trade-up to Trophy assets or amenity-rich locations. New/Renewal (assuming 10-year term) Tenant-favourable market Class A tenant improvement allowance ($ price per sq ft) $60.00/$30.00 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Neutral market Class A free rent (months) 10/4 Landlord-favourable market
  • 17. Jones Lang LaSalle Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012 17 Miami Index score: 47.8 Large presence Moderate pricing 17.0% 41.7% Percent of Class A market Percent of law firms comprising Moderate availability occupied by law firms active tenants in the market Locational preference: Miami’s CBD is comprised of two submarkets, Brickell and Downtown. 71.0 percent of Class A law firm users occupy space within the Downtown sector of the urban core. Up to 600,000 square feet of demand 6Number of law firms occupying 20Number of AmLaw 100 firms with greater than 50,000 sq ft offices locally is expected from this industry sector. Of this, nearly 344,000 square feet are actively touring market wide – 85.0 percent of which are CBD requirements. Look to another 249,000 square feet not yet touring, but up for renewal – all of 2012 Law firm completed transactions which will remain in the CBD. Hogan Lovells 600 Brickell Avenue Despite the dissolutions and defections among law partners and the bleak job 40,000 sq ft market for new law school graduates, Miami’s legal tenants have still managed to Relocation renew, expand and open new offices. Market-wide, Trophy product has captured over 80.0 percent of all law firm transactions, with the bulk of occupancy on a Diaz Reus square footage basis occurring in Downtown. On the ‘mega’ tour activity front 100 S.E. Second Street (requirements at or above the 40,000-square-foot benchmark) over one-quarter or 14,500 sq ft 545,000 square feet of all Miami’s tours fell within this range. While several industry Renewal and expansion sectors made up these tours, the largest in order of size were law firms. Stroock One of the first noted transactions to be publicly announced going into third quarter 200 S. Biscayne Boulevard tracks along the same trend – demand for prime spaces within the CBD and some 14,500 sq ft Renewal of its largest occupiers emanating from the legal industry. During the first quarter, Hogan Lovells (AmLaw’s sixth-ranked firm) signed a short-term lease for 21,000 square feet in Downtown at Florida’s largest Trophy asset (Southeast Financial Active Law Firm Requirements in the market (sq ft) Center). By third quarter, recent press coverage indicated a long-term commitment in the CBD’s newest Trophy tower, Brickell World Plaza. The building, located in the Holland Knight 100,000 Brickell sector, will see Hogan occupy 40,000 square feet. Gunster 25,000 The Ferraro Law Firm 20,000 OUTLOOK Top challenges for law firms • ‘View space’ for law firms remains limited even in some of the new developments PRICING AND incentives that delivered vacant during the last cycle. • Space properly sized to accommodate new criteria. Overall • Efficient use of space due to new technology (no more big libraries, mailrooms). Average Class A asking rent $40.77 % annual change in Class A asking rent -2.3% Top opportunities for law firms Average % rent discount for negotiated rent 4.0% • The lease environment remains overall favourable, if not excellent, for Average % rent premium for Trophy space 10.0% premium space. • Net rents continue to be driven down due to oversupply via new development in Average % rent discount for sublease space 11.5% the last cycle. Average annual escalation or bump 3.0% • New buildings and upgrades from existing product offer high-end finishes, increased amenities and efficiencies. New/Renewal (assuming 10-year term) Tenant-favourable market Class A tenant improvement allowance ($ price per sq ft) $40.00/$35.00 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Neutral market Class A free rent (months) 7/7 Landlord-favourable market
  • 18. 18 Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012 Jones Lang LaSalle New York Index score: 61.5 Large presence Flexible pricing 11.7% 16.9% Percent of Class A market Percent of law firms comprising Large availability occupied by law firms active tenants in the market Locational preference: The majority of law firms in New York are located in the Midtown and Downtown submarkets. Specifically, firms gravitate to newer Class A and Trophy buildings within the Financial District, Columbus Circle, 118 Number of law firms occupying 83 Number of AmLaw 100 firms with Grand Central, Plaza District and Times Square. There is a migration of firms greater than 50,000 sq ft offices locally moving to the west side of Midtown and Downtown. With large blocks of Class A and Trophy space becoming available Downtown at a significant discount to 2012 Law firm completed transactions Midtown rents, Downtown provides an attractive alternative for firms to relocate. Many top firms, however, chose to remain in the Plaza District. Chadbourne Parke 1301 Avenue of the Americas 200,000 sq ft Despite a handful of high-profile transactions this year, total occupancy in the legal Relocation services industry has been receding in Manhattan as many firms contract, both in head count and square feet per employee. Year-to-date, law firm leasing activity Wilson Sonsini Goodrich Rosati represents just 5.3 percent of total, compared to 17.0 percent in 2007. 1301 Avenue of the Americas 48,980 sq ft Top New York law firms are facing flat to declining profits, as a result of a contraction Renewal in overall business volume (in specific, dramatically reduced transaction activity on Wall Street), increased competition, outsourcing of low margin work and insourcing, Akerman with companies increasingly relying on in-house legal staff. Dewey LeBoeuf—in 666 Fifth Avenue business for more than a century-filed for bankruptcy in early 2012 and vacated 48,166 sq ft 475,000 square feet at 1301 Avenue of the Americas. Chadbourne Parke recently Relocation signed a direct lease to take 200,000 square feet of Dewey’s space. Chadbourne will fully rebuild Dewey’s space to adopt new law firm standards and efficiencies. Active Law Firm Requirements in the market (sq ft) Many legal firms are opting to renew, often several years in advance, to lock-in White Case 400,000 current terms and avoid the upfront costs of relocation and existing asset write- offs. Kaye Scholer, however, signed a letter of intent to take 260,000 square feet in Kaye Scholer 250,000 Boston Properties’ new development at 250 West 55th Street in what may prove to Mayer Brown 250,000 be the largest transaction of 2012. A bright spot in the industry has been the modest rebound in MA activity and growth in the new media and technology industries, which provides opportunities for firms that specialise in those fields. OUTLOOK Top challenges for law firms • Legal services has been one of the slowest industries to recover from the downturn, PRICING AND incentives with employment still down 8.5 percent in Manhattan since the 2008 peak. • Rising Trophy rents, coupled with lower profits, are forcing firms, which have Overall traditionally occupied the top end of the market, to consider more cost- Average Class A asking rent $65.62 effective options. % annual change in Class A asking rent 7.4% Top opportunities for law firms • By becoming more efficient, law firms that have relocated have been able to Average % rent discount for negotiated rent 15.0% shed approximately 15 percent of their footprint. Average % rent premium for Trophy space 20.7% • Even with decreased vacancy rates, viable options are available, particularly in Average % rent discount for sublease space 19.3% Midtown West and Downtown, which have a significant amount of new construction. Average annual escalation or bump 1.7% • With the growth of the new media and technology industry, there is opportunity New/Renewal (assuming 10-year term) for firms that specialise in those sectors. Tenant-favourable market Class A tenant improvement allowance ($ price per sq ft) $51.69/$31.47 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Neutral market Class A free rent (months) 7/6 Landlord-favourable market
  • 19. Jones Lang LaSalle Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012 19 Philadelphia Index score: 50.5 Large presence Moderate pricing 20.3% 26.1% Percent of Class A market Percent of law firms comprising Moderate availability occupied by law firms active tenants in the market Locational preference: The majority of Philadelphia’s law firms are located in the CBD’s Market Street West submarket. This location provides easy access to abundant amenities and immediate proximity to the city’s concentration 23 Number of law firms occupying 18Number of AmLaw 100 firms with greater than 50,000 sq ft offices locally of professional services companies. Despite the declined availability of large contiguous blocks and rental rate increases in Market Street West, the submarket will remain the core location for law firms. 2012 Law firm completed transactions Morgan Lewis Law firm activity spiked in 2012 as Market Street West’s largest law firms completed 1701 Market Street transactions. In light of tightened Trophy conditions, large tenants have come 289,432 sq ft to market two to three years ahead of expiration, finalising leasing decisions as Renewal far out as 2015. As year-end 2011 approached, Reed Smith’s market-moving 115,000-square-foot lease at Three Logan Square created a window of opportunity Cozen O’Connor for Cozen O’Connor to upgrade its space. The Philadelphia-based firm recently 1650 Market Street signed a long-term lease to occupy Reed’s One Liberty vacated space upon its 200,000 sq ft relocation. Morgan Lewis and Ballard Spahr also finalised leasing decisions Relocation this year. Ballard Spahr While Morgan Lewis renewed in place, many of Philadelphia’s CBD law firms are 1735 Market Street rightsizing existing footprints; by 13.0 percent on average. Ballard Spahr will shed 179,000 sq ft Renewal with contraction two floors of space at 1735 Market Street, and Reed Smith is decreasing its footprint by more than 25.0 percent. Accelerated law firm transaction volumes drove a year-on-year decline in sector Active Law Firm Requirements in the market (sq ft) requirements by nearly 50.0 percent. Now, with 440,000 square feet of active firms Pepper Hamilton 220,000 in the market, the majority is comprised of small firms, less than 10,000 square feet requirements. Finalised relocation decisions have decreased high-quality, Drinker Biddle 175,000 contiguous blocks of available space, pushing large requirements-focused on Harkins Cunningham 9,000 Trophy-to consider new proposed developments. Simultaneously, consolidations are creating availabilities at Trophy assets, bringing opportunity to small- and mid-sized firms. OUTLOOK Top challenges for law firms • Strong Trophy landlord leverage is driving increased rental rates. PRICING AND incentives • With no new office development, large law firms will be faced with limited contiguous blocks at high-quality assets. Overall • Landlords closely monitoring small- to mid-sized law firm credit. Average Class A asking rent $27.92 % annual change in Class A asking rent 2.1% Top opportunities for law firms Average % rent discount for negotiated rent 10.0% • Market Street West’s occupancy-constrained, Class A properties are willing to do Average % rent premium for Trophy space 21.3% aggressive deals. • Trophy tenant consolidations have yielded new availabilities for small- to mid- Average % rent discount for sublease space 10.3% sized users. Average annual escalation or bump 2.5% • Class A availabilities are very conducive for half- to full-floor law firms. New/Renewal (assuming 10-year term) Tenant-favourable market Class A tenant improvement allowance ($ price per sq ft) $45.00/$22.50 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Neutral market Class A free rent (months) 8/4 Landlord-favourable market
  • 20. 20 Law Firm Perspective • Global • 2012 Jones Lang LaSalle San Francisco Index score: 38.2 Large presence Limited pricing 5.2% Percent of Class A market 8.6% Percent of law firms comprising Moderate availability occupied by law firms active tenants in the market Locational preference:The majority of law firms in San Francisco are located in the North and South Financial Districts where premier Class A properties are concentrated and where law firms can be in close proximity to other businesses 16 Number of law firms occupying 41 Number of AmLaw 100 firms with and clients. The centre of San Francisco’s business district has shifted in recent greater than 50,000 sq ft offices locally years towards the South Financial District as companies look to take advantage of newer office buildings and closer proximity to multiple forms of public 2012 Law firm completed transactions transportation. Additionally, redevelopment of the Transbay Terminal and the future extension of the Caltrain rail line are drawing more companies to Lewis Brisbois Bisgaard Smith this submarket. 333 Bush Street 52,000 sq ft Relocation with contraction Over the past four years, the legal industry in San Francisco has experienced a significant decline in occupied space as law firms have been among some of Jackson Lewis the most adversely affected companies during the recession. As a result, many 50 California Street have shed hundreds of thousands of square feet in an effort to reduce costs and 18,878 sq ft streamline business. Although many large deals have been signed in recent years, Relocation most involved downsizing or renewing in place - entering the market simply because of impending lease expirations. Mintz Levin 44 Montgomery Street Today, however, there are a handful of firms in the market for expansion space, but 15,666 sq ft rightsizing and creating a more efficient workplace continue to dominate leasing New deal to the market activity in this industry. Active Law Firm Requirements in the market (sq ft) Coblentz Patch Duffy West 85,000 Gordon Rees 80,000 Fenwick West 60,000 OUTLOOK Top challenges for law firms • Large block availability is dwindling significantly with new supply still 6 to 18 months PRICING AND incentives away from delivery. • Law firms in the market for large blocks are facing stiff competition from technology Overall companies, which is the fastest growing industry in the market. Average Class A asking rent $51.74 • Rents have increased significantly and continue to rise, placing pressure on tenants to either act now or make shorter-term deals to holdover. % annual change in Class A asking rent 17.5% Top opportunities for law firms Average % rent discount for negotiated rent 5.0% • Many landlords have begun to build out ‘open’ workspace to appeal to tech tenants; Average % rent premium for Trophy space 24.3% these spaces could work for law firms seeking efficiencies. • New developments in the South Financial District will open up opportunities for tenants Average % rent discount for sublease space 32.0% to relocate from the North Financial District into newer, more efficient space. Average annual escalation or bump 3.0% • Popularity of the South Financial District and South of Market among tech firms has left New/Renewal (assuming 10-year term) more large blocks in the North Financial District, where many law firms occupy space. Tenant-favourable market Class A tenant improvement allowance ($ price per sq ft) $50.00/$25.00 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Neutral market Class A free rent (months) 4/2 Landlord-favourable market