BioMar is at the moment introducing probiotics in still more diets around the world. The background is new strong research results from both sides of the Atlantic Ocean.

1. July | August 2014
New trials confirm strong results with
probiotics
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3. B
ioMar is at the moment introduc-
ing probiotics in still more diets
around the world.The background
is new strong research results
from both sides of the Atlantic Ocean.
In new trial results from Chile the
company can achieve a 40 percent reduc-
tion of the occurrence of deformities in
fry as well as improved growth and gut
health for trout fed with its probiotic strain
Pediococcus acidilactici CNCM MA 18/5M
(Bactocell®).
Simultaneously, results from trials done in
the United Kingdom indicate a positive effect
of probiotics on the immune response in mid-
sized salmon. And in France trials with a new
Larviva Pro diet suggest a new era in larval
rearing methods can be close.
Improved growth and less
deformities in Chile
“Our European colleagues in BioMar and
partners in Lallemand SAS have presented a
very strong documentation for the benefits
of the addition of the unique probiotic strain
Pediococcus acidilactici CNCM MA 18/5M
(Bactocell®) to feeds for many different fish
species. Therefore, here in Chile we are
proceeding with the use of Bactocell® in our
commercial diets,” says Andrés Millan, sales
director of BioMar Chile, is pleased with the
first trial results obtained in Chile, where
probiotics were introduced in BioMar diets
recently.
The field trials done in Chile with rainbow
trout fry both support the existing theory
and bring new knowledge. The trials were
conducted in collaboration between BioMar
and Aquachile, a major producer of salmon,
coho and trout at the facilities of Aquachile in
Quetroleufu, Chile.
Andrés Millan explains that the results first
of all showed a reduction in the occurrence of
deformities by 40 percent
“Deformities are both associated with
mortalities among the fry and lost income on
the final product. The fish might survive with
minor deformities, but the final fillet will be of
a lower visual quality.
“The trials also showed an improvement
in growth performance with a larger share
of the fry reaching the highest size category
at the end of the trial after 140 days,” he
added.
Significant changes
in the intestine
While the reduction in deformities and the
improved growth was expected in the Chilean
trial, some new knowledge was obtained
when researchers took a closer look at the
gut histology. They discovered a significant
improvement in the condition of the posterior
part of the gut
The distal part of the intestine of fish fed
feed with added probiotics was significantly
thicker than the same section from fish from
the control group, says Andrés Millan.
He explains that the thickening of the
intestine was the result of an increased length
of the microvilli in the intestine.
“This is obviously a very interesting result,
because longer microvilli means improved
nutrient absorption and that again contributes
to a better feed conversion and growth.”
The histology also revealed that there
were no signs of inflammation in the intestine
of the fish fed with probiotics.
Andrés Millan believes that this is linked to
the improved micro-flora in the intestine of
fish having received feed with probiotics. But
he also acknowledges, that far more research
has to be done regards to the benefits of
probiotics in fish.
Probiotics have for long been a “must”
in all husbandry production, and several
probiotics have also been marketed for fish
in Latin America and Asia, but according to
Andrés Millan, this has far too often been
done with very limited and partial documen-
tation.
“The effect of probiotics is temperature
dependent, so an indiscriminate transfer of
probiotics which do work at 37 deg C in land
animals to fish living at 8-14 deg C does not
make sense – you must carefully select and
document the specific strains which work in
fish at low temperatures.”
NEW TRIALS CONFIRM STRONG
RESULTS WITH
PROBIOTICS
Above: The square cages of the BioMar’s marine trial
facility where the large probiotics trials on salmonids are
carried out are neighbouring the circular net pens of the
commercial Musholm fish farm.
by BioMar
18 | INTERNATIONAL AQUAFEED | July-August 2014
FEATURE

4. July-August 2014 | INTERNATIONAL AQUAFEED | 21
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5. Indications of a better
immune response
BioMar and the Canadian company
Lallemand, who produces Bactocell®, agreed
last year on a longterm research collaboration
related to among other projects the benefits
of probiotics. Some of the first research results
from this partnership, which in this case also
includes both the University of Plymouth in the
United Kingdom and the University of Santiago
de Chile, indicate a significant and consistent
up-regulation of genes involved in regulating
the immune system in salmon between 250g
and 500g fed feed with Bactocell.
This summer BioMar is carrying out a full
season trial at the Musholm marine trial facility
in Denmark, which will most likely be the largest
single trial done with probiotics in salmonids.
Jørgen Holm, research and development
manager in BioMar Continental Europe, expects
that the trial will add important knowledge to
the growing documentation on the effects of this
specific probiotic strain.
“We are looking for both specific changes in
the gut and more general health effects.
“Depending on the disease pressure in the trial
farm, we hope to see a significant difference, when
we look at almost a full growth season in the sea.”
He bases his expectation on the recent
research results from the UK and earlier results
from Norway on for example IPN, combined
with the fact that Danish sea farms are often hit
by disease in the late summer, when tempera-
tures peak.
But Jørgen Holm also underlines that large
scale trials under commercial farm conditions by
nature are difficult to carry out.
“In Denmark we can risk a cold summer with
reduced disease pressure, and then there might
not be any visible differences.”
However, this large scale trial also includes the
utilization of diets with very different raw material
compositions, and Jørgen Holm believes this can
also result in interesting news.
“In Chile we saw significant positive changes
in the gut structure, and we have plenty of
documentation on an improved micro-flora in the
intestine, when Bactocell® is added to the feed.
“In the Danish trial we will also study the
ability of the lactic acid probiotic bacteria to ease
the digestion process, and we will look deep into
eventual long term changes in the gut health and
morphology with and without Bactocell and with
different raw material combinations.
A new revolution in France
In France, where BioMar recently opened a
new production facility for the Larviva hatchery
feed range, one of the major hatcheries for
Mediterranean fish species has had tremendous
success with the Larviva ProStart range, which is
the first hatchery feed to include Bactocell®.
Michel Autin, technical manager at BioMar
West Med, tells that by using the Larviva ProStart
the French hatchery has
managed to get the rate
of deformities below
one percent and at the
same time it managed
to improve both growth
and survival.
“For people who
are acquainted with the
hatchery production for
sea bass and sea bream
this is a revolution.
Ordinary feed products
and protocols result in
deformity rates of typi-
cally 15 - 30 percent,
and millions of Euro are
spent on hand sorting
the total fry production
not once but often twice, to get rid of the deform
fry. With the new French results the hatchery
believes hand sorting is no longer needed and can
take a significant cost saving.
Bactocell® was approved in 2009 by the
European Food Safety Authority, EFSA.
It is still today the only probiotic bacteria
strain which is approved for use in fish feed in the
European Union, based on a documented effect
in reducing deformities and improving survival.
BioMar has an exclusive agreement with
Lallemand SAS for the use of Bactocell® in fish
feed worldwide..
Technical Manager Michel
Autin and Production &
Logistics Manager Cécile
Soulé in in the new
LARVIVA production facility
at the BioMar factory in
France, examining the
quality of semi finished
LARVIVA Pro products
July-August 2014 | INTERNATIONAL AQUAFEED | 19
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underpinned by thematic
on concessions, production
d improved health conditions
s action plans aimed at the
eases, vaccinations, the use of
tions on roe imports.
on coordinated joint projects
in the industry to establish
ures to promote self-regula-
ic-private partnership. These
ng existing legislation, in par-
eneral Law on Fisheries and
d adopting new regulations.
hrough the effort and dedica-
ed, recovery is now evident
ry.
est producer
aquaculture industry is cur-
nd largest export sector in
Norway, Chile is the second
of salmon globally. It has gen-
an 60,000 direct and indirect
es in over 70 markets.
e been forged in developing
and other Latin American
ere is also a push into China
mand as of now is strong so
me depth to the marketability
FAO on human resources,
quate availability of research-
ers, professionals, technicians and specialised
labour force to respond to the increasing
demand by industry and public and private
research programs.
Universities and higher education institu-
tions are actively training human resources
oriented towards the satisfaction of the
industry’s requirements in production (marine
biologists, veterinarians, fishing engineers,
aquaculture engineers), processing (industrial
and food engineers) and marketing (commer-
cial engineers).
There is also a growing specialisation in
service areas such as environmental impact
assessment, disease diagnosis and treatment,
biotechnology, market studies and foreign
trade, among others. The Government has
a ProChile group which is very helpful in the
trade arena.
Annual plan of action
Perhaps the most important milestone
of the last few years has been the official
publishing of the National Aquacultural Policy,
which established objectives, principles and
strategies associated to the activity’s sustain-
able development.
This important instrument of public-private
participation also established annual plans of
action (for the years 2004 and 2005), which
have been achieved satisfactorily based on the
FAO report.
NTERNATIONAL AQUAFEED | 35
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