1. Prepared By ‘ udeshya‘ group
Team Members :
1) Hemal Mendapara
2) Jaimin Patel
3) Nirav Savaliya
4) Bhavin Kachhadiya
5) Darshan Mungalpara

2. Brain Drain
“ Nation has invested in you , it does not want big sacrifice for you “
Brain drain is departure of educated or professional people from our country to another for better pay and
living condition.
Causes :
 Less number of qualitative higher educational institutions like IITs, IIMs.
 Less connectivity between prevailing technological environment with the current situation of education
system in India which not affectionate beautiful minds of India
 Less of expertness in faculty of teaching & is not being updated with the latest technology.
e.g. In Gujarat, expert teachers cannot clear even the exam of CCC which concern about fundamental
knowledge of the computer & also they are not properly trained.
 Less number of institution for doing mastery in art, sculpture & other branches.
 Less opportunity for general caste people because of reservation (also in private sectors) to get in admission
in higher level education so forcefully they have to go outside
 Belief of getting set in foreign company which gives better living condition & more luxirous life compared
to India
 Political instability
 Extent of freedom in foreign company & less opportunity to emerge as an enterprenueour in India
 Affectionate scheme provided by the foreign government to increase their economy for the Indian students
e.g. Michigan university & Oxford university gives the scholarship for the higher education in their
university .
 Less research and development to create new innovation
Solution :
 Development of more number of qualitative institutions and make easy for economical challenge students
who has a potential but not the budget
 Giving youth better living condition by good governing improper and corrective manner of country
 Giving encouragement to the individual enterprenueour by helping him financially
 Promoting research and development so that innovative minds not escape from the country & not give the
fruits of tree which is rooted in India
 Involving the brains into external and internal affairs of the country so that they can use their solver minds
to emerge as powerful and strong India

3. Implementation:
 Increase the level of living country has to increase per capita income.for that increase GDP of the company
by producing more products or by increasing export
 Create opportunity by partnership of public & government in matter of industry so the higher educational
person can get the job and give their best to a firm
 Hire the best teaching staff for institutions who make their students capable for standing in international
market
 Increase funding the R&D instead of giving FSB to 67% of people in overall country which is not
necessary for 67%
 Produce the things in country itself so the GDP increase and so job opportunity in our country increase
Reservation
 There are reservation available in india based on caste.
 In 1990 higher education institutions, public sector units & Government Bodies, 22.5% of available seats
were made reserved for Scheduled Caste(SC) and Scheduled Tribe(ST) students (15% for SCs, 7.5% for
STs) and rest of the 77.5% were remained under the unreserved category called “General category”. This
reservation percentage has been raised to 49.5%, by including reservation for OBCs(Other Backward
Catagory) in 2008.
 The percentage of SC, ST, OBC in government institutions is rising, today the total percentage of reserved
category persons working in these institution is about 40%.
 IN 1990 Prime minister announced that 27% of government position would be set aside for OBC’s in
addition to the 22.5% already set aside for the SCs and STc. So from this it is clear thet day by day
reservation is increasing that is not good for the other people.
 In Tamil Nadu, the reservation is 18% for SCs and 1% for STs, based on local demographics.
 In Northeast India, especially in Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Nagaland and Mizoram, reservation for
ST in State Govt. jobs is 80% with only 20% unreserved. In the Central Universities of NEHU(shillong)
and Rajiv Gandhi University, 60% of seats are reserved for ST students.
 In Andhra Pradesh, 25% of educational institutes and government jobs are reserved for OBCs, 15% for
SCs, 6% for STs and 4% for Muslims.

In West Bengal, 35% of educational institute seats and 45% of government jobs are reserved for SC, ST,
and OBC (25% SC, 12% ST, 10% Muslim).

4. Results of Reservation :
 The exploited non reserved (General) category persons who missed the opportunity because someone else
has taken their place have become deprived and miserable in the poor economic condition of India. So in
good colleges and University People who are actually deserve opportunity they loss and finally they goes to
the other contry for seeking better opportunity.
 Due to reservation in Jobs people whom have knowledge they can’t get job in government sector and they
also goes to other country.
 And finally due to reservation fainally losses of india that india continuously losses knowledgeable
people.
Solution :
 Solution of this problem is that reservation based on caste should be removed from education and
government jobs and promotion in that government jobs so people who are actually deserve that people get
opportunity & reduce brain drain from India.
Implementation :
Development of Backward caste people :
 For development of backward class people provide them good knowledge in special schools and colleges
which are specially made for them so they get good knowledge and due to this they becomes capable to
compete all people in higher education and industrial government jobs. So reservation at higher level get
removed automatically.
 Enough funding should be given to these schools & universities. It should be spent in following manner for
backward castes students :
 Travelling Allowances & Dearness Allowances for field work
 Data Collection
 Analysis and evaluation of statistical data
 New Computer and Printer (once in a plan period)

5. Education
“ Newton was sitting under a tree. An apple fell on him & he thought that why didn’t it
go up & hence discovered gravity But if hungry stomach is sitting under a tree, he will only think to get
all apples down “
Our education system is of second kind.
 Education in India means to come to school, mug up the things & vomit them in exams.
 As we know that education is a key for socio-economic progress. Indian literacy rate grew to 74.04% in
2011 from 12% at the end of British rule in 1947. Although this was a greater than sixfold improvement,
the level is well below the world average literacy rate of 84% . India currently has the largest illiterate
population. In addition to illiteracy there is one other detrimental thing for Indian education is poor quality
of education. None of the central university IITs & IIMs were adjudged in the list of top 200 universities
across the globe.
 83 year ago under british rule, an Indian scientist teaching in an Indian university, sir C V Raman was
awarded noble prize for physics since then, our universities have not produced any noble prize winner
except for four Indian whose basic foundation was in India & have won Noble prize while living abroad in
last decade.
 38% teaching post are vacant in all central universities in India. Many of our school still lack drinking
facilities, toilets and other necessity.
 Gone are the days when teaching was considered good profession. Now people generally go in teaching
line because they did not get job elsewhere.

6. Causes :
Why literacy rate is low:
 Our government is not consicious
 Our people is also not consicious
 Poverty
Why education quality is poor:
 Outdated examination system
 Lack of competitiveness among the centre of excellance
 Vacant teaching post
 Most of the universities and schools emphasis on profit (Money). They are only doing business
 Education in India is 99% focused on theoretical aspect
 Teacher are not heartly teaching students. They are just doing job for money.
 Very old syllabus & nobody is taking pains to change or modify them.
 In universities and schools, only superficial knowledge is studied.
 Quality of teacher or professors is not scruitinised by respective universities or schools
 Laboratories & workshops are not upto date with latest technology.
 Emphasis on memory and mugging power.
Solution & Implementation :
 As we know technology is updating every six month so teacher should be provided with proper training
so that they can sow seeds of new innovative ideas in students mind.
 Laboratories and workshop facility should be good enough to give innovative ideas to students. For that
government should provide more % of GDP on education system.
 Every teacher or professor should be given job after scrutinising them. A committee should be made
which keep eye on performance of all staff.
 Old examination system should be changed which imparts innovative ideas to students for that we should
eye on foreign exam system.
E.g. In America, in examination if students writes answer differently of innovatively than one will
get full marks while in India if the answer is written definition of book then and then he will get full
marks. One will not get marks their innovative ideas.

7. Promotion
 10% of educated people are immigrating from India because of lacking in promotion though they would
deserve it & they dropped the research work in India.
 Mostly DRDO, R&D and other research organizations are facing this kind of problem.
 Due to not taking care of these people and their ideas, ideas are also immigrating from India along with
them.
Cause & Effect:
 Promotion is given as per working year and caste based reservation in government instead of quality of
one’s work
 In private & government sectors, one is being promoted as per acquaintance & hence appropriate people is
neglected by their qualitative work.
 Due to nervous response from government to brilliant students for their creative ideas, they are either
dropping their projects or selling it to other countries which is defective for our country & sometimes our
country itself buys that project at very high expensive rate from that country. How ironic is this! e.g. case
of Sam Pitroda.
 Corruption in award distribution like ‘Yuva Vaigyanik’.
Solution & Implementation :
 Promotion should be based on exhibition of one’s work. All the organizations should come up with
independent committee that can keep an eye on work, behavior, performance, regularity, contribution,
character of every employees & accordingly promote or degrade them.
 Permenanat employement should be cancelled out from all the organization so that one would scared about
fire.
 “ Any time hire & fire “ formula should be applied to the government sector.
 If promotion will be given on performance then enthusiasm of employees will definitely increase and they
will extend their work of research. They themselves will be able to evaluate themselves and as proper
employee would be at correct position, organization as well as employees will work efficiently.
 If one tries to represent his creative ideas in front of government, government should ready to listen & take
care of his ideas & for that government should give sufficient funding, facilities, laboratories , material etc
to him.
Problems in Implementation :
 Committee members may fire deserving people only for their selfishness or personal reasons.
 They may also hire their acquitants just to carry on their relationship.

8. Salary & Facility
 Government employees are given poor salary and facility. E.g. An engineer is given average 15
thousands rupees per month in government job wherein he will earn 30 thousands rupees per month
easily in private companies.
 while he will get about threefold salary in foreign country with good facility.
Reasons:
 Our government has annulled pension scheme so as major advantage of getting pension in old days is
removed & initial salary of government jobs is also less, bright people would attract towards high
packages offered by other private companies.
 This way R&D of government sector is poor which leads our country to depend upon foreign
technologies and invention & finally it results into getting indebted on burden of billion of rupees that
would have been spent for R&D in government firm.
Solution & implementation :
 Government should provide ‘special’ wages & facilities to ‘special’ people instead of considering them
same as other employees.
 If someone wants to do research in particular field than government should give him facility, incentives
so that one can do one’s research without any worry.
 Government should encourage the people to work on research & development.
References :
 Own thinking
 News paper
 Internet
 Speech of Political leader
 Day to day experience
Thank you