SlideShare uma empresa Scribd logo
1 de 14
Questions to Ponder Have you conceived of heaven as a place of liberation from the “prison” of the body? Where does this serious error come from? What is the initial reaction to Christ’s teaching that there will be no marriage in heaven? Why is marriage not the ultimate fulfillment of love like so many songs and stories seem to indicate? How does marriage point beyond itself to our communion with God in heaven? What does it mean to say that all the sexual confusion in the world today is the human desire for heaven gone berserk?
Bl. John Paul in TOB focuses on the state of man at different times in the History of Salvation      Origin            Brokenness after           Destiny                            Original Sin
In the Beginning it was not so Divorce Rape Lust Homosexuality
Do we think of the body as trapped in the soul?
Do we really have a New Age view of the Body?
Christ said “in heaven there will be no marriage.”Matthew 22What does this mean?
Marital love can not give us ultimate fulfillment Princess Diana and Prince Charles
The holiness of marriage will continue in heaven St. Joachim & St. Anne Their relationship continues in heaven
Marriage as sacrament points beyond itself
The Resurrection of the body fulfills the meaning of our bodies
Bl. John Paul II’s argument that the true fulfillment our spousal love will only be  realized in heaven Look at point 3g. There is an argument here. (See TOB 68.4) The argument runs thus Our original solitude reveals to us that we are unfulfilled without another person The original unity of man and woman points toward an interpersonal desire for another Therefore  we have an interpersonal desire to be fulfilled in another The spousal meaning of the body, the love between man and woman, is not the ultimate fulfillment of our interpersonal desires The Triune love of God is the ultimate form of interpersonal love Therefore, Our participation of the Triune love of God in heaven will be the ultimate fulfillment of our interpersonal longings for another.
Call of God to participate in His life 1. God is gift 2. The nature of sin is to deny the gift 3. The nature of our redemption is that the gift is fully revealed in the Body of Christ given for us. 4. The nature of faith is to open the human heart to God’s gift.  (Quoted from Introduction to the Theology of the Body Video, Chris West, session 5 Ascension Press 2008).
The Eucharist gives us a foretaste of the resurrection of the body
What does the Blessed Virgin Mary’s assumption mean for our bodies?

Mais conteúdo relacionado

Mais procurados

Marriage 1: Staying Married != Staying In Love
Marriage 1: Staying Married != Staying In LoveMarriage 1: Staying Married != Staying In Love
Marriage 1: Staying Married != Staying In Love
Timothy Chan
 
Introduction To Theology Of The Body
Introduction To Theology Of The BodyIntroduction To Theology Of The Body
Introduction To Theology Of The Body
Robert543
 
Prodigal: The Elder Brother
Prodigal: The Elder BrotherProdigal: The Elder Brother
Prodigal: The Elder Brother
Vintage Church
 
Marrying the woman of your dreams
Marrying the woman of your dreamsMarrying the woman of your dreams
Marrying the woman of your dreams
xavrod
 
Rick Warren, Purpose Driven Life: Section 33
Rick Warren, Purpose Driven Life: Section 33Rick Warren, Purpose Driven Life: Section 33
Rick Warren, Purpose Driven Life: Section 33
Richard Chamberlain
 
Gods Will Saved Thanksgiving
Gods Will   Saved ThanksgivingGods Will   Saved Thanksgiving
Gods Will Saved Thanksgiving
xiexieshen
 
02 making sense of suffering
02  making sense of suffering02  making sense of suffering
02 making sense of suffering
David Sr.
 
What Is Agape Love
What Is Agape LoveWhat Is Agape Love
What Is Agape Love
refugechurch
 
Rick Warren, Purpose Driven Life: Section 34
Rick Warren, Purpose Driven Life: Section 34Rick Warren, Purpose Driven Life: Section 34
Rick Warren, Purpose Driven Life: Section 34
Richard Chamberlain
 

Mais procurados (20)

What happens when i die?
What happens when i die?What happens when i die?
What happens when i die?
 
Reviewing the covenant
Reviewing the covenantReviewing the covenant
Reviewing the covenant
 
Marriage 1: Staying Married != Staying In Love
Marriage 1: Staying Married != Staying In LoveMarriage 1: Staying Married != Staying In Love
Marriage 1: Staying Married != Staying In Love
 
Theology of the Body Part 1
Theology of the Body Part 1 Theology of the Body Part 1
Theology of the Body Part 1
 
This World Has Nothing For Me
This World Has Nothing For MeThis World Has Nothing For Me
This World Has Nothing For Me
 
Woman - Become More and Truly Beautiful to God
Woman - Become More and Truly Beautiful to GodWoman - Become More and Truly Beautiful to God
Woman - Become More and Truly Beautiful to God
 
Introduction To Theology Of The Body
Introduction To Theology Of The BodyIntroduction To Theology Of The Body
Introduction To Theology Of The Body
 
Are You Serious (About Living a Resurrected Life)?
Are You Serious (About Living a Resurrected Life)?Are You Serious (About Living a Resurrected Life)?
Are You Serious (About Living a Resurrected Life)?
 
Surrendering To Kindness - Susan Fochler
Surrendering To Kindness - Susan FochlerSurrendering To Kindness - Susan Fochler
Surrendering To Kindness - Susan Fochler
 
Prodigal: The Elder Brother
Prodigal: The Elder BrotherProdigal: The Elder Brother
Prodigal: The Elder Brother
 
Marrying the woman of your dreams
Marrying the woman of your dreamsMarrying the woman of your dreams
Marrying the woman of your dreams
 
07 keys to family unity
07 keys to family unity07 keys to family unity
07 keys to family unity
 
Rick Warren, Purpose Driven Life: Section 33
Rick Warren, Purpose Driven Life: Section 33Rick Warren, Purpose Driven Life: Section 33
Rick Warren, Purpose Driven Life: Section 33
 
Deckof cards
Deckof cardsDeckof cards
Deckof cards
 
Gods Will Saved Thanksgiving
Gods Will   Saved ThanksgivingGods Will   Saved Thanksgiving
Gods Will Saved Thanksgiving
 
02 making sense of suffering
02  making sense of suffering02  making sense of suffering
02 making sense of suffering
 
What Is Agape Love
What Is Agape LoveWhat Is Agape Love
What Is Agape Love
 
A study of joy
A study of joyA study of joy
A study of joy
 
We're part of a family
We're part of a familyWe're part of a family
We're part of a family
 
Rick Warren, Purpose Driven Life: Section 34
Rick Warren, Purpose Driven Life: Section 34Rick Warren, Purpose Driven Life: Section 34
Rick Warren, Purpose Driven Life: Section 34
 

Destaque

Apostle screed
Apostle screedApostle screed
Apostle screed
MrsSevCTK
 
Freedom To Love 2009 01 10
Freedom To Love 2009 01 10Freedom To Love 2009 01 10
Freedom To Love 2009 01 10
olopya
 
Totb In Marriage Men
Totb In Marriage MenTotb In Marriage Men
Totb In Marriage Men
olopya
 
Living The Theology Of The Body As A Woman
Living The Theology Of The Body As A WomanLiving The Theology Of The Body As A Woman
Living The Theology Of The Body As A Woman
olopya
 
Freedom To Love 2008 11 08
Freedom To Love 2008 11 08Freedom To Love 2008 11 08
Freedom To Love 2008 11 08
olopya
 
Freedom To Love 2009 02 28
Freedom To Love 2009 02 28Freedom To Love 2009 02 28
Freedom To Love 2009 02 28
olopya
 
Freedom To Love 2009 01 31
Freedom To Love 2009 01 31Freedom To Love 2009 01 31
Freedom To Love 2009 01 31
olopya
 
Religion Powerpoint for Final
Religion Powerpoint for FinalReligion Powerpoint for Final
Religion Powerpoint for Final
Mikey Jenia
 
2009 07 25 Authority
2009 07 25 Authority2009 07 25 Authority
2009 07 25 Authority
olopya
 
Freedom To Love 2009 04 25a
Freedom To Love 2009 04 25aFreedom To Love 2009 04 25a
Freedom To Love 2009 04 25a
olopya
 
Unmasking the global abortion agenda
Unmasking the global abortion agendaUnmasking the global abortion agenda
Unmasking the global abortion agenda
olopya
 
Mind Of Pope Benedict Xvi 01092010
Mind Of Pope Benedict Xvi 01092010Mind Of Pope Benedict Xvi 01092010
Mind Of Pope Benedict Xvi 01092010
olopya
 
Forgive Us Our Trespasses 9 12 09
Forgive Us Our Trespasses 9 12 09Forgive Us Our Trespasses 9 12 09
Forgive Us Our Trespasses 9 12 09
olopya
 
Freedom To Love 2009 02 14
Freedom To Love 2009 02 14Freedom To Love 2009 02 14
Freedom To Love 2009 02 14
olopya
 

Destaque (20)

Apostle screed
Apostle screedApostle screed
Apostle screed
 
Fotosentez Yazılı Soruları (11.sınıf Biyoloji)
Fotosentez Yazılı Soruları (11.sınıf Biyoloji)Fotosentez Yazılı Soruları (11.sınıf Biyoloji)
Fotosentez Yazılı Soruları (11.sınıf Biyoloji)
 
Introduction to theology of the body class 8
Introduction to theology of the body class 8Introduction to theology of the body class 8
Introduction to theology of the body class 8
 
Freedom To Love 2009 01 10
Freedom To Love 2009 01 10Freedom To Love 2009 01 10
Freedom To Love 2009 01 10
 
Totb In Marriage Men
Totb In Marriage MenTotb In Marriage Men
Totb In Marriage Men
 
Living The Theology Of The Body As A Woman
Living The Theology Of The Body As A WomanLiving The Theology Of The Body As A Woman
Living The Theology Of The Body As A Woman
 
Freedom To Love 2008 11 08
Freedom To Love 2008 11 08Freedom To Love 2008 11 08
Freedom To Love 2008 11 08
 
Freedom To Love 2009 02 28
Freedom To Love 2009 02 28Freedom To Love 2009 02 28
Freedom To Love 2009 02 28
 
Freedom To Love 2009 01 31
Freedom To Love 2009 01 31Freedom To Love 2009 01 31
Freedom To Love 2009 01 31
 
Introduction to the theology of the body class 6
Introduction to the theology of the body class 6Introduction to the theology of the body class 6
Introduction to the theology of the body class 6
 
Religion Powerpoint for Final
Religion Powerpoint for FinalReligion Powerpoint for Final
Religion Powerpoint for Final
 
2009 07 25 Authority
2009 07 25 Authority2009 07 25 Authority
2009 07 25 Authority
 
Freedom To Love 2009 04 25a
Freedom To Love 2009 04 25aFreedom To Love 2009 04 25a
Freedom To Love 2009 04 25a
 
Unmasking the global abortion agenda
Unmasking the global abortion agendaUnmasking the global abortion agenda
Unmasking the global abortion agenda
 
Introduction to theology of the body class 7
Introduction to theology of the body class 7Introduction to theology of the body class 7
Introduction to theology of the body class 7
 
Mind Of Pope Benedict Xvi 01092010
Mind Of Pope Benedict Xvi 01092010Mind Of Pope Benedict Xvi 01092010
Mind Of Pope Benedict Xvi 01092010
 
Tob4 teens 1
Tob4 teens 1Tob4 teens 1
Tob4 teens 1
 
Forgive Us Our Trespasses 9 12 09
Forgive Us Our Trespasses 9 12 09Forgive Us Our Trespasses 9 12 09
Forgive Us Our Trespasses 9 12 09
 
Freedom To Love 2009 02 14
Freedom To Love 2009 02 14Freedom To Love 2009 02 14
Freedom To Love 2009 02 14
 
Full, Conscious, & Active Participation in the Liturgy
Full, Conscious, & Active Participation in the LiturgyFull, Conscious, & Active Participation in the Liturgy
Full, Conscious, & Active Participation in the Liturgy
 

Semelhante a Introduction to theology of the body class 5

Theology of the Body Part 2
Theology of the Body Part 2 Theology of the Body Part 2
Theology of the Body Part 2
kepurple
 
11 christian life
11 christian life11 christian life
11 christian life
chucho1943
 
Freedom To Love 2008 11 22
Freedom To Love 2008 11 22Freedom To Love 2008 11 22
Freedom To Love 2008 11 22
olopya
 
Sex is a gift of god - steven tracy
Sex is a gift of god - steven tracySex is a gift of god - steven tracy
Sex is a gift of god - steven tracy
limaeraldo
 
Heaven "The Dead Man's Utopia"
Heaven "The Dead Man's Utopia"Heaven "The Dead Man's Utopia"
Heaven "The Dead Man's Utopia"
David Green
 
ST 104 Personal Doctrinal Statement
ST 104 Personal Doctrinal StatementST 104 Personal Doctrinal Statement
ST 104 Personal Doctrinal Statement
Daniel S. Payne
 

Semelhante a Introduction to theology of the body class 5 (20)

Theology of the Body Part 2
Theology of the Body Part 2 Theology of the Body Part 2
Theology of the Body Part 2
 
11 christian life
11 christian life11 christian life
11 christian life
 
11 christian life
11 christian life11 christian life
11 christian life
 
Unification Church Symbols & Traditions Part 2of3
Unification Church Symbols & Traditions Part 2of3Unification Church Symbols & Traditions Part 2of3
Unification Church Symbols & Traditions Part 2of3
 
Book of I John
Book of I JohnBook of I John
Book of I John
 
Catholic Protestant Distinctions
Catholic  Protestant  DistinctionsCatholic  Protestant  Distinctions
Catholic Protestant Distinctions
 
Freedom To Love 2008 11 22
Freedom To Love 2008 11 22Freedom To Love 2008 11 22
Freedom To Love 2008 11 22
 
Marriage prep power point
Marriage prep power pointMarriage prep power point
Marriage prep power point
 
Marriage prep power point
Marriage prep power pointMarriage prep power point
Marriage prep power point
 
Sex is a gift of god - steven tracy
Sex is a gift of god - steven tracySex is a gift of god - steven tracy
Sex is a gift of god - steven tracy
 
Marriage and Sexuality Talk for Secondary Students.pptx
Marriage and Sexuality Talk for Secondary Students.pptxMarriage and Sexuality Talk for Secondary Students.pptx
Marriage and Sexuality Talk for Secondary Students.pptx
 
Heaven "The Dead Man's Utopia"
Heaven "The Dead Man's Utopia"Heaven "The Dead Man's Utopia"
Heaven "The Dead Man's Utopia"
 
Presence of god=joy
Presence of god=joyPresence of god=joy
Presence of god=joy
 
grace and the beatitudes
grace and the beatitudesgrace and the beatitudes
grace and the beatitudes
 
The holy spirit gives life
The holy spirit gives lifeThe holy spirit gives life
The holy spirit gives life
 
Path ascension and beyond
Path ascension and beyond Path ascension and beyond
Path ascension and beyond
 
Bourgeault28jan2012
Bourgeault28jan2012Bourgeault28jan2012
Bourgeault28jan2012
 
THEO 202 Essay #2
THEO 202 Essay #2THEO 202 Essay #2
THEO 202 Essay #2
 
Holy spirit facts
Holy spirit factsHoly spirit facts
Holy spirit facts
 
ST 104 Personal Doctrinal Statement
ST 104 Personal Doctrinal StatementST 104 Personal Doctrinal Statement
ST 104 Personal Doctrinal Statement
 

Último

Popular Kala Jadu, Black magic expert in Karachi and Kala jadu expert in Laho...
Popular Kala Jadu, Black magic expert in Karachi and Kala jadu expert in Laho...Popular Kala Jadu, Black magic expert in Karachi and Kala jadu expert in Laho...
Popular Kala Jadu, Black magic expert in Karachi and Kala jadu expert in Laho...
baharayali
 
Famous Kala Jadu, Black magic specialist in Lahore and Kala ilam expert in ka...
Famous Kala Jadu, Black magic specialist in Lahore and Kala ilam expert in ka...Famous Kala Jadu, Black magic specialist in Lahore and Kala ilam expert in ka...
Famous Kala Jadu, Black magic specialist in Lahore and Kala ilam expert in ka...
baharayali
 
Famous Kala Jadu, Black magic specialist in Rawalpindi and Bangali Amil baba ...
Famous Kala Jadu, Black magic specialist in Rawalpindi and Bangali Amil baba ...Famous Kala Jadu, Black magic specialist in Rawalpindi and Bangali Amil baba ...
Famous Kala Jadu, Black magic specialist in Rawalpindi and Bangali Amil baba ...
baharayali
 
Famous Kala Jadu, Black magic expert in UK and Kala ilam expert in Saudi Arab...
Famous Kala Jadu, Black magic expert in UK and Kala ilam expert in Saudi Arab...Famous Kala Jadu, Black magic expert in UK and Kala ilam expert in Saudi Arab...
Famous Kala Jadu, Black magic expert in UK and Kala ilam expert in Saudi Arab...
baharayali
 
Best Astrologer Vashikaran Specialist in Germany and France Black Magic Exper...
Best Astrologer Vashikaran Specialist in Germany and France Black Magic Exper...Best Astrologer Vashikaran Specialist in Germany and France Black Magic Exper...
Best Astrologer Vashikaran Specialist in Germany and France Black Magic Exper...
Amil Baba Naveed Bangali
 

Último (20)

Deerfoot Church of Christ Bulletin 5 5 24
Deerfoot Church of Christ Bulletin 5 5 24Deerfoot Church of Christ Bulletin 5 5 24
Deerfoot Church of Christ Bulletin 5 5 24
 
A Spiritual Guide To Truth v10.pdf xxxxxxx
A Spiritual Guide To Truth v10.pdf xxxxxxxA Spiritual Guide To Truth v10.pdf xxxxxxx
A Spiritual Guide To Truth v10.pdf xxxxxxx
 
Popular Kala Jadu, Black magic expert in Karachi and Kala jadu expert in Laho...
Popular Kala Jadu, Black magic expert in Karachi and Kala jadu expert in Laho...Popular Kala Jadu, Black magic expert in Karachi and Kala jadu expert in Laho...
Popular Kala Jadu, Black magic expert in Karachi and Kala jadu expert in Laho...
 
St. Louise de Marillac and Abandoned Children
St. Louise de Marillac and Abandoned ChildrenSt. Louise de Marillac and Abandoned Children
St. Louise de Marillac and Abandoned Children
 
Louise de Marillac and Care for the Elderly
Louise de Marillac and Care for the ElderlyLouise de Marillac and Care for the Elderly
Louise de Marillac and Care for the Elderly
 
Famous Kala Jadu, Black magic specialist in Lahore and Kala ilam expert in ka...
Famous Kala Jadu, Black magic specialist in Lahore and Kala ilam expert in ka...Famous Kala Jadu, Black magic specialist in Lahore and Kala ilam expert in ka...
Famous Kala Jadu, Black magic specialist in Lahore and Kala ilam expert in ka...
 
Zulu - The Epistle of Ignatius to Polycarp.pdf
Zulu - The Epistle of Ignatius to Polycarp.pdfZulu - The Epistle of Ignatius to Polycarp.pdf
Zulu - The Epistle of Ignatius to Polycarp.pdf
 
Human Design Gates Cheat Sheet | Kabastro.com
Human Design Gates Cheat Sheet | Kabastro.comHuman Design Gates Cheat Sheet | Kabastro.com
Human Design Gates Cheat Sheet | Kabastro.com
 
Deerfoot Church of Christ Bulletin 4 28 24
Deerfoot Church of Christ Bulletin 4 28 24Deerfoot Church of Christ Bulletin 4 28 24
Deerfoot Church of Christ Bulletin 4 28 24
 
Genesis 1:5 - Meditate the Scripture Daily bit by bit
Genesis 1:5 - Meditate the Scripture Daily bit by bitGenesis 1:5 - Meditate the Scripture Daily bit by bit
Genesis 1:5 - Meditate the Scripture Daily bit by bit
 
Jude: The Acts of the Apostates (Jude vv.1-4).pptx
Jude: The Acts of the Apostates (Jude vv.1-4).pptxJude: The Acts of the Apostates (Jude vv.1-4).pptx
Jude: The Acts of the Apostates (Jude vv.1-4).pptx
 
Sector 18, Noida Call girls :8448380779 Model Escorts | 100% verified
Sector 18, Noida Call girls :8448380779 Model Escorts | 100% verifiedSector 18, Noida Call girls :8448380779 Model Escorts | 100% verified
Sector 18, Noida Call girls :8448380779 Model Escorts | 100% verified
 
NoHo First Good News online newsletter May 2024
NoHo First Good News online newsletter May 2024NoHo First Good News online newsletter May 2024
NoHo First Good News online newsletter May 2024
 
Hire Best Next Js Developer For Your Project
Hire Best Next Js Developer For Your ProjectHire Best Next Js Developer For Your Project
Hire Best Next Js Developer For Your Project
 
Famous Kala Jadu, Black magic specialist in Rawalpindi and Bangali Amil baba ...
Famous Kala Jadu, Black magic specialist in Rawalpindi and Bangali Amil baba ...Famous Kala Jadu, Black magic specialist in Rawalpindi and Bangali Amil baba ...
Famous Kala Jadu, Black magic specialist in Rawalpindi and Bangali Amil baba ...
 
Famous Kala Jadu, Black magic expert in UK and Kala ilam expert in Saudi Arab...
Famous Kala Jadu, Black magic expert in UK and Kala ilam expert in Saudi Arab...Famous Kala Jadu, Black magic expert in UK and Kala ilam expert in Saudi Arab...
Famous Kala Jadu, Black magic expert in UK and Kala ilam expert in Saudi Arab...
 
The Revelation Chapter 4 Working Copy.docx
The Revelation Chapter 4 Working Copy.docxThe Revelation Chapter 4 Working Copy.docx
The Revelation Chapter 4 Working Copy.docx
 
Connaught Place, Delhi Call girls :8448380779 Model Escorts | 100% verified
Connaught Place, Delhi Call girls :8448380779 Model Escorts | 100% verifiedConnaught Place, Delhi Call girls :8448380779 Model Escorts | 100% verified
Connaught Place, Delhi Call girls :8448380779 Model Escorts | 100% verified
 
Genesis 1:8 || Meditate the Scripture daily verse by verse
Genesis 1:8  ||  Meditate the Scripture daily verse by verseGenesis 1:8  ||  Meditate the Scripture daily verse by verse
Genesis 1:8 || Meditate the Scripture daily verse by verse
 
Best Astrologer Vashikaran Specialist in Germany and France Black Magic Exper...
Best Astrologer Vashikaran Specialist in Germany and France Black Magic Exper...Best Astrologer Vashikaran Specialist in Germany and France Black Magic Exper...
Best Astrologer Vashikaran Specialist in Germany and France Black Magic Exper...
 

Introduction to theology of the body class 5

  • 1. Questions to Ponder Have you conceived of heaven as a place of liberation from the “prison” of the body? Where does this serious error come from? What is the initial reaction to Christ’s teaching that there will be no marriage in heaven? Why is marriage not the ultimate fulfillment of love like so many songs and stories seem to indicate? How does marriage point beyond itself to our communion with God in heaven? What does it mean to say that all the sexual confusion in the world today is the human desire for heaven gone berserk?
  • 2. Bl. John Paul in TOB focuses on the state of man at different times in the History of Salvation Origin Brokenness after Destiny Original Sin
  • 3. In the Beginning it was not so Divorce Rape Lust Homosexuality
  • 4. Do we think of the body as trapped in the soul?
  • 5. Do we really have a New Age view of the Body?
  • 6. Christ said “in heaven there will be no marriage.”Matthew 22What does this mean?
  • 7. Marital love can not give us ultimate fulfillment Princess Diana and Prince Charles
  • 8. The holiness of marriage will continue in heaven St. Joachim & St. Anne Their relationship continues in heaven
  • 9. Marriage as sacrament points beyond itself
  • 10. The Resurrection of the body fulfills the meaning of our bodies
  • 11. Bl. John Paul II’s argument that the true fulfillment our spousal love will only be realized in heaven Look at point 3g. There is an argument here. (See TOB 68.4) The argument runs thus Our original solitude reveals to us that we are unfulfilled without another person The original unity of man and woman points toward an interpersonal desire for another Therefore we have an interpersonal desire to be fulfilled in another The spousal meaning of the body, the love between man and woman, is not the ultimate fulfillment of our interpersonal desires The Triune love of God is the ultimate form of interpersonal love Therefore, Our participation of the Triune love of God in heaven will be the ultimate fulfillment of our interpersonal longings for another.
  • 12. Call of God to participate in His life 1. God is gift 2. The nature of sin is to deny the gift 3. The nature of our redemption is that the gift is fully revealed in the Body of Christ given for us. 4. The nature of faith is to open the human heart to God’s gift. (Quoted from Introduction to the Theology of the Body Video, Chris West, session 5 Ascension Press 2008).
  • 13. The Eucharist gives us a foretaste of the resurrection of the body
  • 14. What does the Blessed Virgin Mary’s assumption mean for our bodies?