1. SUPERCAPACITOR
As energy storage device
NAME: Abdul Saleem Mir
Enrollment Number: 49/2010
7th ELECTRICAL

2. Supercapacitor Definition
Supercapacitors are electrochemical
devices with following features:
•
•
•
•
High energy density.
High power density.
High capacitance.
Longer life
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3. HISTORY
• The first supercapacitor based on double
layer mechanism was developed in 1957 by
General Electric using porous electrode.
• Standard Oil Company Cleveland Ohio
rediscovered this effect in 1966 & gave
licensing to NEC in 1978 for market
production.
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4. Principle Construction
It consists of following
components:
• Current collector: Metal
contacts are used as
current collectors .
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5. Polarized electrode: Highly activated
carbon is used as electrode because of
following reasons:
• It is highly porous
• It has extraordinarily high specific surface
area
• It has good conductivity
• High temperature and chemical stability
• Corrosion resistant
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6. Electrolyte
It contains dissolved and solvated ions that
migrate to and from the electrodes during
charge and discharge respectively.
Electrolytes are of two types:
• Water soluble
• Water insoluble
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7. Separator
It acts as mechanical separation between two
electrodes.
It must provide electronic insulation between the
electrode of opposite polarization
It must support ionic conduction
from one electrode to another.
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8. WORKING
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9. Equivalent circuit
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10. Manufacturers & Specifications
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11. Advantages
•
•
•
•
High energy storage
Low ESR and hence high power density
Appreciable operating temp.(-40ºC to 70ºC)
Eco-friendly
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12. Disadvantages
• Low voltage per cell
• It can't be used in AC & high
frequency circuits
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13. Comparison
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14. Applications
• Used in Diesel engine start up in submarines
& tanks.
• Used to recover braking energy in HEV &
modern trains and deliver the same during
accelerating periods.
• Can be used in f &V control in power systems
• Used as backup energy source for GPS guided
missiles
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15. Flat style of super
capacitor
used for mobile
devices.
Typical knob
capacitor
For PCB mounting
used for memory
backup
Radial style of lithiumIon capacitor for PCB
mounting used for
industrial applications
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17. References
 R.Morrison, ‘’The chemical physics of surfaces’’ New York:
Plenum,1990.
 E.J.Dowgiallo & A.F.Bruke ‘’ Ultracapacitors for electric and
hybrid vehicles: A technology update.’’
 B.E.Conway, ‘’Electrochemical Supercapacitors’’, chemical
industry press.
 IEEE transactions on industry applications, vol. 36.
 ‘’Transient analysis of pulsed charging in Supercapacitors’’
IEEE documentation.
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18. End
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