Diaporama explicatif des travaux de restauration de la Maison Chalaibi à Erbil (Ifpo Irak)

Citadelle d’Erbil, Kurdistan, Irak

‫ﻗﻠﻌﺔ ارﺒﻴﻝ - ﻛردﺴﺘﺎن اﻟﻌ اق‬
‫ر‬
‫اﻟﺠﻤﻬورﻴﺔ اﻟﻌ اﻗﻴﺔ‬
‫ر‬
‫ﻗﻪاڵی ﻫﻪﻭﻟێﺮ- ﻛﻮﺭﺩﺳﺘﺎﻧﯽ ﻋێﺮﺍﻕ‬
‫ﻋێﺮﺍﻕ‬

INAUGURATION
‫ﺤﻔﻝ اﻓﺘﺘﺎح‬
‫ﻤﺸروع ﺘرﻤﻴم ﺒﻴت ﺸﻬﺎب ﺠﻠﺒﻲ‬
Projet de Restauration et de Réhabilitation de la Maison Shihab Chalabi
Restoration and Rehabilitation of Shihab Chalabi house Project
‫ﭘﺮۆژﻩی ﺑﻮژﺍﻧﺪﻧﻪﻭﻩی ﻣﺎڵﯽ ﺷﻪﻫﺎﺏ ﭼﻪﻟﻪﺑﯽ‬
ِ

November 2012, Dr. Mahmoud Bendakir, MB Conserva on

PROJECT PARTNERS

FRANCE
• French Embassy in Iraq
• Ifpo (Institut Français du Proche-Orient)
• Lafarge-Iraq Company

IRAQ
• Local Government of Kurdistan
• Governorate of Erbil
• HCECR (High Commission For Erbil Citadel
Revitalization)

Studies and supervision : MB Conservation

November 2012, Dr. Mahmoud Bendakir, MB Conservation 2

PROJECT BACKGROUND

According the partnership agreement for the development of cultural,
scientific, and technical cooperation initiated by the Government of the
French Republic and the Government of the Republic of Iraq, the project
for the rehabilitation of Shihab Chalabi house was proposed and initiated
by the local government of Kurdistan and the French Ministry of foreign
affairs in order to accommodate the Ifpo center in Iraq. Within this general
framework, a contract of partnership was signed on October 2010 between
the company Lafarge, Ifpo (French Institute of the Near East) and the HCECR
(High Commission for Erbil Citadel Revitalization), in the presence of the
Embassy of France, the Governorate of Erbil and officials of Lafarge company.
On October 2011, inside Shihab Chalabi house, His Excellency Denis Gauer,
Ambassador of France in Iraq and Mr. Dara Yakubi, director of the HCECR,
proceeded to the signature of the lease granting the use of this historical
building to house the Ifpo center. Following on that, Mr. Francois Burgat,
director of the Ifpo and Mr. Attila Pars, Chief Financial Officer of Lafarge
Company have proceeded to the signature of the funding partnership of
the restoration and reuse of the Shihab Chalabi house.


OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

In close collaboration between Ifpo, HCECR and UNESCO and with the
financial support of Lafarge group, the objectives of the conservation
and rehabilitation of Shihab Chalabi house are as following:

1. Complete the documentation of the Shihab Chalabi house;
2. Prepare the condition assessment study and elaborate a complete
mapping of different pathologies affecting this valuable monument;
3. Propose a set of technical study and re-use design;
4. Use Chalabi house as a pilot project to develop training workshop
“Chantier-Ecole” to reinforce local capacities and skills in the field of
heritage conservation;
4. Implement the rehabilitation works in accordance with international
standards and respecting the UNESCO recommendations for preserving
the Erbil citadel site;
5. The re-use of the buildings to house the Ifpo Institute in order to
develop scientific researches, and to implement cultural cooperation
actions in the archaeology and social sciences fields.


INTERVENTION PRINCIPLES
All the conservation techniques proposed for Shihab
Chalabi respect the following criteria:

• Less intervention on the original part of the building with
focus only to treat different pathologies and to reduce
the risk of future degradation;

• Use of similar materials and techniques as original;

• No extent on conjecture in terms of interpretation;

• Soft intervention to guarantee the protection of the
strict concept of authenticity and integrity;

• Develop training, practices and skills;

• Experiment materials and techniques before applying
on a large scale.

RE-USE PROJECT

KEY CONCEPTS
1- Honor History (restoration, rehabilitation, UNESCO compliance)
• Minimal intervention
• Preserve main components (facade walls, portico, courtyard)
• Maintain historical characteristics
• Restore look and feel (consistent materials and details)

2- Improve Functionality (center operations, visitor and students
experience)
• Clear circulation (new interior connections, unique access)
• Grouped program elements (clear organization)
• New services (toilets, researcher accommodations, confort, security)

3- Simplicity of Intervention
• Subtle distinctions between existing and restored architectural
features
• Use of similar materials and techniques
• Minimize visual prominence of modern equipment (mechanical/
electrical system)

IMPLEMENTATION PHASE

«CHANTIER-ECOLE»
TRAINING WORKSHOP

Objectives:
• Develop training program
• Develop demonstration works
• Develop practices and skills
• Identify local know-how
• Identify local materials
• Experiment techniques


Implementation Phase

IMPLEMENTATION STEPS

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Humidity Treatment Treatment Stonework: Lowering Electrical, Woodwork: Ironwork: Pavement Terrace,
treatment: of decorated of internal Treatment of the internet Doors, Balustrade and canopy and
Internal ceiling floors, stairs courtyard and windows and finishing parapet
and and roof and steps of gypsum level and plumbing and window treatment
external structure stone drainage system openings grille
walls masonry

8 
November 2012, Dr. Mahmoud Bendakir, MB Conservation


1. HUMIDITY TREATMENT: INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL WALLS

Steps of intervention for wall treatment : External walls

Step 1: Removal of debris and spoil heaps at the base of the wall
To allow the wall to breath and to evaporate the excessive humidity, incompatible materials, cement plaster and spoil heaps have
been removed. After a period of more than 6 months, the brick joins were repointed using a lime and sand mortar.





Step 2: Removal of cement plaster at the base of the wall

10 




Step 3: Cleaning of the joins between the brick masonry and removal
of cement and mud mortar

11 




Step 4: Brick masonry repairs and removal of PVC pipes, electrical
wires, telegraph cable...

November 2012, Dr. Mahmoud Bendakir, MB Conservation 12 




Step 6: Repointing with a lime-sand-brick powder mortar

13 



Before After

14 



1 BEFORE INTERVENTION
3 AFTER INTERVENTION

2 DURING INTERVENTION

15 



Steps of intervention for wall treatment : Internal walls

Removal of existing gypsum plaster affected and eroded by humidity and particularly the basement walls which are more
exposed to rising damp. Before aplaying a new plaster, the brick masonry was exposed for a long time to allow the wall to
breath and to evaporate the excessive humidity.

16 




Step 2: Plastering

17 




First gypsum coat before applying the final coat.

18 


2. TREATMENT OF DECORATED CEILING AND ROOF STRUCTURE

1. The new painted ceiling was dismantled to allow the examination and treatment of the roof structure
2. The main beams and joists were treated against termite
3. The decorated panels were cleaned and then reinstalled

19 




Step1: Dismantling of the plywood panels of the Step2: Inspection and treatment of the wood structure Step3: Cleaning, retouching of damaged or missing parts and
decorated ceiling then re-assembling the plywood panels.

20 




INSTRUCTION FOR TERMITE TREATMENT
Steps of intervention for termite treatment:
• Brush and remove dust to allow a better penetration of the products on the wood
• Inspect the portions that are highly infested and determine the degree of the
attacks
• Inject under pressure the wood treatments for large-section beams
• Spray the anti-termite product on the surface of the wood structure until saturation.

21 



The Original painted ceiling have been cleaned and conserved as it is

22 


3. TREATMENT OF INTERNAL FLOORS, STAIRS AND STEPS

Steps of intervention :

Step 1: Removal of the concrete layer within the rooms and portico area




Step 2: Floor finishing




3. Stairs and steps treatment



4. STONEWORK: TREATMENT OF GYPSUM STONE MASONRY

Objective
There are several major reasons for cleaning the historic stone masonry of the portico:
1. Treat the structural and humid pathologies to improve the resistance of the fragile gypsum stone
masonry;
2. Improve the appearance of the gypsum stone masonry by removing non-compatible materials like
painting, gypsum plaster, white cement mortar, cement joins and other intrusive materials;
2. Provide a clean surface treated to resist to rainfall water infiltration;
3. Replacing eroded pieces, repointing and refilling gaps and missed parts of the stone masonry.




Methodology
• Identify what is to be removed.
• Consider the historic appearance of the building.
• Choose the appropriate cleaning techniques and methods.
• Identify prior treatments and adapted restoration materials.

27 



Cleaning techniques
Stone masonry cleaning methods generally are divided into 4 major groups: water, chemical, abrasive
and laser cleaning.
- Water methods soften the dirt or soiling material and rinse the deposits from the masonry surface.
- Abrasive methods include blasting with grit, and the use of grinders and sanding discs, all of which
mechanically remove the dirt, soiling material or paint (and, usually, some of the masonry surface).
Abrasive cleaning is also often followed with a water rinse.

28 



Courtyard facades: Base repairs

29 



Repairs of the courtyard facades



5. LOWERING OF THE COURTYARD LEVEL AND DRAINAGE

The lowring of the courtyard level was decided to improve the accessibility of the basement level and to treat the capillary
action at the base of the stone facades.




Step 2: Installation of the courtyard drainage system




Step 3: Pavement using fired brick tiles (tabouk) set on a bed of compacted gravel

Before the lowering of the courtyard ground level

After the lowering of the courtyard ground level




Step 3: Paveming using tabouk

34


6. ELECTRICAL, INTERNET AND PLUMBING SYSTEM

Electrical wiring, phone wiring, and wiring for computer and internet networking


6. ELECTRICAL, INTERNET AND PLUMBING SYSTEM

Plumbing (ground floor, toilet area)



7. WOODWORK: DOORS, WINDOWS AND OPENINGS

All doors and windows were replaced.

37 


7. WOODWORK: DOORS, WINDOWS AND OPENINGS

All doors and windows were replaced.

38 


8. IRONWORK: BALUSTRADE AND WINDOW GRILLE

Window grille

Historical ironwork to be restored
1980s poor quality ironwork to be dismontled and replaced

39 



Cleaning and treatment of the window grille

Cleaning and removal of paintings before the traitment of ironwork

40 



Production of new window grille as original

41 




42 




43 



Production and installation of the portico balustrade

44 



Production and installation of the portico balustrade

45 


9. PAVEMENT AND FINISHING

46 


10. TERRACE, CANOPY AND PARAPET TREATMENT

Reconstruction of the courtyard canopy

47 




Parapet reconstruction

Roor lime and sand mortar for slope towards the waterspots
48 





49 



Parapet reconstruction and roof drainage


Roor lime and sand mortar for slope towards the waterspots
50 

51 

Diaporama explicatif des travaux de restauration de la Maison Chalaibi à Erbil (Ifpo Irak)

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