PowerPoint presentation made at the 5th CRS ICT4D Conference: Mobile Services that Empower Vulnerable Communities, Accra, Ghana, 19-21 March 2013

1. www.iwmi.org
Water for a food-secure world
Launching Next Generation ICT for Weather and Water
Information and Advice to Smallholders in Africa
Bharat R Sharma, L. Rebelo, G. Amarnath, I. Miltenburg
5th CRS ICT4D Conference:
Mobile Services that Empower Vulnerable Communities
March 19-21, 2013; Alisa Hotel, Accra, Ghana

2. Water for a food-secure worldWater for a food-secure world
Water is an increasingly scarce input in
agriculture in Africa.
•The challenge is to increase agricultural
production while reducing water
consumption.
Smart and affordable technologies need to be
adapted to customize farm management for
smallholders.
•Tools that can monitor plot specific
information and generate advice shall be
helpful.

3. Water for a food-secure worldWater for a food-secure world
What are the opportunities to use ICT to increase
agricultural productivity?
Satellite images are increasingly being used to assist
commercial farmers and agribusinesses
Innovative approaches and ICT based technologies
Advice to end users for:
- informed decision making
- enhanced negotiation capacity with water and farm related
service providers

4. Smart ICT for Weather and Water
Information and Advice to
Smallholders in Africa
What did we already do?
Development Tools
& Algorithms
• Develop Tool
algorithms ->Turn
satellite imagery
and ancillary data
into valuable
information
• Develop
operational
calculation system
• Develop data
delivery
infrastructure
• Develop user
applications
Run Operational
Service
• Data acquisition
(satellite
imagery)
• Calculation
automation
• Tool application
• Development of
Information
Package
• Central storage
• Dissemination through user
application

5. Water for a food-secure worldWater for a food-secure world
Topic Contribution Ethiopia
(Arata
Chufa)
Sudan
(Gash
region)
Mali
(Office du
Niger)
Egypt
(Naubariya
Governorat
e)
Weather Temperature , rainfall, RH, wind
speed, reference ET
y y y
Hydrology River flow y
Crop growth Biomass production, yield,
Nitrogen, Leaf Area Index
y y y y
Agricultural
Water
Manage.
Crop water stress, crop water use,
water productivity, soil moisture,
irrigation advise
y y y y
Flood
Inundation
extent
Daily/weekly spatial surface water
extent for Gash delta/mesga
blocks; flood early warning
Y
Strategy and Approach: Modular
Information packages and transfer modes (cell phone, radio, smart
phone, web) will be piloted based on the requirements and
possibilities per location.

6. Water for a food-secure worldWater for a food-secure world
From pixels….to information….to simple action messages
Foreachfield:weekly
predictions:

7. Smart ICT for Weather and Water
Information and Advice to
Smallholders in Africa
Development of Information Packages
• Weekly calculation of information package from satellite image
• Period: 2012: August 15 – December 31 -> Finished and available
• Period: 2013: August 15 – December 31 -> Next season
• 9 parameters (evapotranspiration, biomass growth, crop stress, …)
14-Dec – 20-Dec 2012
Biomass Production
[kg/ha/week]
High detail:
20m spatial resolution
0 400 800

8. Smart ICT for Weather and Water
Information and Advice to
Smallholders in Africa
Example Operational service
• Minerals
• Growth
• Moisture
• biomass production (kg/ha)
• leaf area index LAI (m2 leaf/m2 ground)
• vegetation index NDVI
• evaporation shortage (mm/week)
• current evaporation (mm/week)
• surplus rain (mm/2 weeks)
• reference evaporation
• Nitrogen content in the top leaf layer (kg/ha)
• Nitrogen content in all leafs (kg/ha)
Example FieldLook Web Platform
 Information packages
((2)weekly/seasonal)
 Based on satellite imagery

9. Water for a food-secure world
• Frequent rain-induced floods result in heavy losses in agriculture in this region
The GeoSFM is a semi-
distributed physically
based hydrological
model that simulates the
dynamics of runoff
processes using RS data
Inundation and flood forecasting: The Gash River, Sudan
http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/vie
w.php?id=12099
Spatially distributed data is assimilated to simulate stream
flow on a daily basis

10. Water for a food-secure worldWater for a food-secure world
Flood Inundation Products

11. Smart ICT for Weather and Water
Information and Advice to
Smallholders in Africa
http://fieldlook.com.sd/
Also available in the Arabic Language
FieldLook Sudan operational website

12. Water for a food-secure worldWater for a food-secure world
Final Outputs
• Cell-phone and web-based information system
developed and tested in pilot areas.
• Different stakeholders/ end users are able to
make use of information and advice for better
management, negotiation.
• Priorities for specific weather, water, crop
related information agreed and mode of
transfer identified.
• Agri-industry and other service providers
interested in expansion and continuance.

13. Water for a food-secure worldWater for a food-secure world
Target Groups
• Individual smallholder farmers
• Contract farm managers
• Water User Associations
• Irrigation Boards and Block Inspectors
• Agriculture Extension Service Providers
• Crop and Livestock Insurance Companies
• Commodity stock cooperatives/ traders
• State Dept. of agriculture/ irrigation/Meteo.
• Agric. Research Institutions

14. Water for a food-secure worldWater for a food-secure world
Project Partners
ELEAF, DLV Plant, Basfood, The Netherlands
-The Hydraulic Research Station, Sudan
-Soil, Water, Environment Research Institute, Egypt
-Directorate of National Meteorology, Mali
-The HEDBEZ Consult, Ethiopia

15. Water for a food-secure worldWater for a food-secure world
http://www.guardian.co.uk/technology/2011/jul/24/mobile-phones-africa-microfinance-farming
Bharat Sharma
International Water Management Institute- New Delhi, India
b.sharma@cgiar.org