SMART SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS FOR SMART CITIES IN INDIA, NY USA - Mr. Asim C Bose (Securing Asia 2015)

1. Alutec - Valpro
SMART SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANTS
FOR
Smart, Secure and Sustainable Cities India
Technology and Investment Summit
13th - 15th July
The Harte & Garter Windsor, Royal Berkshire, UK
EXHIBITION AND CONFERENCE
JULY 13-15, 2015 1
Alutec Environmental Systems International Inc.

2. WHE TECHNOLOGY
UNITED STATES PATENT PATENT NO: 6,090,266 ROYCHOWDHURY
• PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN FROM
ANAEROBICALLY DECOMPOSED ORGANIC MATERIALS
• INVENTOR PROFESSOR SUKOMAL ROYCHOWDHURY
Senior Vice President/ Chief Scientist
WORLD HYDROGEN ENERGY -LLC
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3. SWACHH BHARAT ABHIYAAN
NATIONAL MISSION FOR CLEAN GANGA
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4. THE TECHNOLOGY
• World Hydrogen Energy-LLC holds the key to a new bio-hydrogen process,
as an alternative to fossil fuel.
• A quantum event, infinitely inter-connected, and profoundly intelligent and
smart.
• A step forward to connect to the unending and abundant reservoir of
hydrogen in the Universe.
• An environmentally friendly renewable energy source of pure Hydrogen
eliminating hazardous emissions of methane and traces of sulphides.
• The byproduct of Hydrogen combustion is clean water.
• Whe patented process produces hydrogen subjecting anaerobic digested
bio-mass to an electrical field under controlled conditions.
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5. THE TECHNOLOGY (cont.)
 The technology induces the anaerobic digestion of bio-mass to produce
Hydrogen and CO2,
 Electric potential suppresses methanogen activity induces formation of
Hydrogen.
 A reforming filtration process separates the pure Hydrogen from the CO2
 Reduces digested sewage sludge by 40% and digestion time to 9-10 days
from 21 to 30 days.
 Suppresses the production of Methane a severe pollutant, 23% more harmful
than CO2 .
 There is no other competing technology to produce pure hydrogen from an
unending resource of bio-mass , a direct product of human civilization .
 A technology that protects the environment in all stages of hydrogen
production and it’s applications.
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6. THE CHEMICAL PROCESS
 Energy and Mass Balance:
 Using glucose as a representative SUBSTRATE:
 C6H12O6 + 6 H2O = 12 H2 + 6 CO2
 180 lb + 108 lb = 24 lb 264 lb
 The stoichometric co-efficient; the volumetric ratio of Hydrogen to CO2 2 to 1.
 The reactor gas contain 60 –70 volume percent Hydrogen.
 Heat of combustion of Hydrogen 60,195 BTU/lb of Hydrogen.
 Hydrogen energy yield = 24 x 60,195/180 = 8,026 BTU/lb of glucose.
 Yield of methane from anaerobic digestion:
C6H12O6 = 3CH4 + 3 CO2
180 lb= 48 lb + 132 lb
 Heat of combustion of Methane = 23,875 BTU/lb of Methane
 Methane energy yield = 48 x 23,875/180 = 6,367 BTU/lb of Glucose.
 Hydrogen production compares favorably with Methane production with a [ 8,026 x 100/6,367-
100] = 26 percent increase
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7. THE PILOT PLANT DEVELOPMENT
PROGRAM
 WHE Pilot Plant Detailed Design executed by Indian Institute of Technology,
Kharagpur under supervision of the inventor Dr S.K.Roychowdhury.
 Pilot Plant fabricated and assembled in India, and operated successfully under
Indian conditions. Later Pilot Plant shipped to USA and installed in Long Island,
New York, USA.
 Pilot Plant operation and process performance can be demonstrated in the USA.
 Proof of concept or process evaluation and certification carried out by Tetra Tech
Corporation, USA with nine (9) test runs.
 Tetra Tech report confirm maximum sustained yield of hydrogen equal to 61.6 %
electrical conversion efficiency.
 Performance further evaluated by Suez Environmental and the Research Division
Degremont Infilco in New York.
 Test results exceeded performance values projected by WHE-LLC in US Patent.
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8. WHE TECHNOLOGY
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WHE Process Flow Diagram

9. WHE TECHNOLOGY- Pilot Plant Test Run
Typical Solids Mass Balance
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Gas Produced ? Volatile Destruction
Total Gas Produced during the run m3
22
Total Volatile Solid Destroyed Kg 22.30
Gas/VS destroyed m3
/Kg 0.986
Influent- Start-up Sample Effluent- End of a Run Sample
mg/L 28,442 mg/L 11,788
Kg 52.21 Kg 21.64
mg/L 20,649 mg/L 8,499
Kg 37.91 Kg 15.60
mg/L 7,793 mg/L 3,289
Kg 14.31 Kg 6.04
Total Solid Deposited on the Surface of Electrodes
Number of Electrodes Unit 30
Total Surface Area of Electrodes*
(2 sides)
m2 12.8
Estimated Thickness of solids
coating on electrodes
m 0.003
mg/L 172,000
Kg 3.5
Solids Mass balance
Influent TS = Effluent TS + VS destroyed/gas produced + TS deposited on Electrodes
52.21.= (21.64 + 22.3 + 3.5)= 47.44
unaccounted TS is 4.77 Kg
* Size of Electrodes are: 140.7 cm x 15.2 cm, effective surface area is calculated based on both the faces of the electrodes (x 2)
** Total solids (Kg) are calculated assuming 50% of surface area is coverd with solids, see pictures.
Total Solids
Total Volatile Solids
Total Inert Solids
Total Solids
Total Volatile Solids
Total Inert Solids
Total Solid Deposited on the
Surface of Electrodes**
WHE Digester
Total Volume = 500 gallon
Sample Volume = 485 gallon

10. WHE TECHNOLOGYAND THE
ENVIRONMENT
 India with a population of 1.2 billion and a potential of 2.0 billion by 2020, collects and
treats less than 10% of the sewage produced.
 India’s rivers, coastal waters and the ground water is getting polluted day by day.
 Installing arteries for sewage collection, and installing sewage treatment plants to
manage all sewage presents an enormous cost burden.
 The WHE technology with the potential of hydrogen production is a revenue earner
and shall incentivize sewage collection and treatment.
 Hydrogen is a very clean fuel which produces only water as an end product .The CO2
produced can also be marketed.
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11. THE ECONOMICS OF THE WHE
TECHNOLOGY
 Three distinct cost centers in a STP benefit from the WHE process-
(1) Revenues from the sale of hydrogen
(2) Reduction of digested sludge volume by 40% lowering handling costs.
(3) Reduction in digestion period to 9-10 days from 21-30 days enhanced plant capacity.
 The cost of just producing hydrogen-rich digester gas ( 70% by
volume) is US $ 2.82 per kilogram.
 Alternative sources of hydrogen
 (a) Electrolysis of water distributed scale.
 (b) Natural Gas reforming process-cost. *
(1) Both above processes are subject to price escalations with increase in electricity
price and cost of natural gas. These factor do not impact the WHE process.
(2) They are not a renewable energy source.
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12. ECONOMICS OF THE WHE TECHNOLOGY
(cont.)
• EPA-USA the average sludge volume is estimated at 169*
gallons per day (gpd) per person.
• A City like Delhi with a population of 18 million can produce waste water of 3.04 billion
gallons per day.
• This amounts to digested sludge of = 3.04 x .0031 = 9.43million gpd.
• Hydrogen production capacity =9,430,000/400 = 23,576 Kg./day.
• Gross sales revenue @ $ 8.00/Kg. = US $ 188, 608/day
• Cost of production @ $ 2.82/Kg. = US $ 51,676.50/day
• Gross profit per day = US $ 137,032/day
• Gross profit per year = US $ 41,109,600/year
• The earning potential is hypothetical and based on mobilization of resource, and treatment of
of all sewage.
* Ref: http://www.epa.gov/owm/mtb/cwns/1996rtc/faqwfd.htm
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13. PATENTED WHE PROCESS
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SEWAGE
SLUDGE
ANAEROBICALLY
DECOMPOSED
ORGANIC
MATERIALS
Regular Process WHE Process
HydrogenMethane
Slurry Digested in 21-30 Days Slurry Digested in 9-10 days

14. ECONOMIC BENEFITS TO INDIA
 India is emerging as one of the largest economic powers in the world. India can be the first
country to demonstrate the production of clean hydrogen from biomass on a commercial
scale.
 India has used bio-mass as a energy source for centuries. This is the first intelligent and
smart conversion of digested sludge to hydrogen fuel. .
 India’s sewage collection and treatment will improve dramatically with the STP’s turning
profitable.
 Hydrogen powered vehicles travel three times the distance compared to equivalent amount
of petroleum consumption.
 The recognition of the intrinsic value of bio-mass to produce hydrogen and energy will create
an awareness for the preservation and collection of waste materials.
 The awareness will stretch to urban and rural areas of the country for better collection
efficiency of industrial, chemical, domestic and agro wastes.
 With full application of the technology and the collection and treatment of all biomass can
represent billions of dollars in earnings from the Smart Sewage Treatment Plants.
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15. SUGGESTED STEPS TO PROJECT REALIZATION
STEP 1- POLICY
 IN ALL OF INDIA RAW SEWAGE IS BEING DISCARDED TO THE RIVERS, COASTAL WATERS OR THE
GROUND CAUSING SEVERE POLLUTION.
 ALUTEC HAS PRESENTED THE TECHNOLOGY TO THE MINISTRY OF DRINKING WATER AND SANITATION,
MINISTRY OF URBAN DEVELOPMENT, MINISTRY OF NEW AND RENEWABLE ENERGY, MINISTRY OF
WATER RESOURCES,RIVER REJUVENATION AND CLEAN GANGA –NMCG.
 THE TECHNOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATION IN PRINCIPLE HAS BEEN ACCEPTED BY ALL THE MINISTRIES
OF THE GOVERNMENT OF INDIA.
 It is imperative that the corporate industrial houses in the private sector take interest in this
technology and execute all initial actions under the corporate social responsibility schemes of the
goi.
 PROPOSAL TO SET UP A SCALED UP VERSION OF THE PILOT PLANT IN NEW YORK HAS BEEN
SUBMITTED TO THE AHMEDABAD MUNICIPAL CORPORATION, STATE OF GUJARAT, AND THE DELHI JAL
BOARD.
 THE FIRST STEP IS TO OPERATE A SCALED UP VERSION OF THE PILOT PLANT UNDER INDIAN
CONDITIONS AND DEMONSTRATE SUCCESSFUL PROCESS PERFORMANCE.
 CONCURRENTLY CONDUCT A DETAILED FEASIBILITY STUDY REPORT IN CO-OPERATION WITH SMART
CITY PLANNERS TO DOVETAIL THE SSTP’S WITH CITY’S OVERALL WASTE WATER MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM IN A MODULAR FORM FOR REPEAT OPERATIONS.
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16. SUGGESTED STEPS TO PROJECT REALIZATION-
STEP 2- STRATEGY/MARKETING
 The success of the project will depend on the indian corporate industrial houses taking interest in
the swachh bharat abhiyaan program and applying their industrial strength to rid india of a grave
pollution problem by making the smart sewage treatment plants a success story.
 The goi with programs like nirmal ganga bhagidaari should take part to develop this make in india
technology for application of all of india and later to the rest of world.
 CONCURRENTLY WITH THE DEMONSTRATION PLANT PERFORMANCE A DETAILED FEASIBILITY STUDY SHALL BE
CONDUCTED ON A COST SHARE BASIS WITH FUNDING ASSISTANCE FROM THE UNITED STATES TRADE AND
DEVELOMENT AGENCY.
 Set-up new Smart Sewage Treatment Plant [SSTP] in India as determined and recommended in
the DFR. The plant to be showcased for India and Regional Countries.
 Market and install new generation SSTP’s with revenue earning potential through production of
hydrogen gas in all other States of India and to other nations.
 India can earn US$ 4.70 billion per annum in hydrogen revenue by treating all of its sewage with
whe-technology.
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17. SUGGESTED STEPS TO PROJECT REALIZATION
STEP 3- FINANCE
 The MNRE and the US Department of Energy have signed an accord to develop Fuel from
Biomass in February, 2009. us governmental funding assistance should be explored.
 The ustda and usaid to be sourced for grant funds for project development.
 The indian corporate houses can support development costs with csr funding.
 This category of a project qualifies for World Bank funding with low interest loans.
 The International Finance Corporation [IFC] Clean Energy Department can take equity in the
project and also provide low interest loan, with private sector involvement.
 The government of india’s swachh bharat abhiyaan program and its success will require a 2-3
percent of the gdp contribution. A recommendation from the chair of indian political economy,
university of columbia, new york, usa.
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