The document discusses law and order, and security issues in India. It notes that law and order is a state subject in India, but the Union Home Ministry provides advisory assistance to state police forces. It details the various central police forces in India with over 780,000 personnel. It outlines modernization efforts of these forces, including purchases of weapons, vehicles, communications systems, and other equipment totaling $900 million-$1 billion annually. Specific modernization initiatives and purchases for Mumbai, Delhi, and other major city police forces are also summarized. The document closes with notes on internal security threats like Maoist insurgencies and efforts to combat them.

1. CHINA
SRI LANKA
Multiple
secessionist
movements
in Northeast
Growing
threat of
Maoist
insurgency,
now infested
in more than
seven states
of India
Kashmir
Insurgency along
with cross-
border terrorism.
Delhi
Mumbai
Bangalore
Chennai
Another
significant
threat is to
major cities,
the economic
hubs of the
country

2.  Law & Order is a State Subject in India.
 Union Home Ministry performs the function of
advisory and assisting the state police forces
to maintain law & order
 Union Home Ministry has an array of Central
Police Forces for border guarding, special
counter-terror operations and intelligence
gathering.
 The estimated Strength of Central Armed
Police Forces is 780000
 Total Strength of State Police Forces is 2
million.

3. Major Central Police Forces :
 CRPF – 300000 plus personnel
 BSF- 240000 personnel
 ITBP- 50000 personnel
 CISF- 145000 personnel
 Assam Rifles- 65000 personnel
 SSB- 50000 personnel
 NSG- 5000 personnel
 SPG- 3000 personnel

4.  National Investigation Agency (NIA)
 National Security Guard (NSG)
 National Intelligence Grid (NATGRID)
 National Counter Terror Center (NCTC)( proposed)
An estimated $900 million -
$1 billion were spent on
modernization of
Central Police Forces
in the last fiscal year.

5.  89,641 light weight BP jackets,
 67,965 AK-47 rifles;
 16,430 Assault rifles;
 2537 X-95 assault rifles for CRPF
 34377 Carbine Machine For BSF
 1,805 Automatic Grenade Launchers;
 2,608 Glock Pistols;
 1,164 hand-held Thermal Imagers;
 1,576 MP-5s;
 8,109 PNS Weapons sights;
 105 Mine protected vehicles;
 8 ALH Helicopters;
 118 Light Armoured Troop Carriers;
 3,174 Deep Search Metal Detectors;
 9,792 Passive Night Vision Binoculars etc
 25 Remote Controlled Improvised Explosive Devices, RCIED Jammers for CRPF Road Opening
parties.
 16,791 Digital VHF/UHF hand held radio sets for BSF has been sanctioned.
 Under the Modernisation of Police Force scheme, the state level police forces have been
provided with 26465 bullet proof jackets, 1077786 assault rifles and 17824 vehicles.
 An estimated 30,000 MP-5 are under the process of being purchased by Union Home Ministry
for NSG and State level Special Forces.

6.  Modernization is being sponsored by Union Home Ministry.
 Key Areas of Modernization are:
 Mobility (including purchase of bullet proof and mine proof
vehicles)
 Weaponry
 Communication Systems
 Training
 Forensic Science Laboratory/ Finger Printing Bureau
 Equipments
 Buildings
Under the Modernization of State Police Forces Scheme,
 100% of the expenditures of Police Forces of J&K and Northeast
States are reimbursed by Central Government under Security
Related Expenditure Scheme (SRE)
 For all other states, 75% of the expenditure is reimbursed under
(SRE)

7.  The Concept of Megacity Policing as a subset
of Modernization of Police Force was
introduced in 2005-06.
 At present Megacity Policing includes the
cities of Mumbai, Delhi, Bangalore, Kolkata,
Ahmadabad, Chennai and Hyderabad.

8.  Under this scheme financial assistance is given by the
Union Home Ministry for the procurement of the following
equipment :
1. Night Vision Devices
2. GPS/GIS for Dial 100 system and patrol cars
3. Surveillance Camera and CCTV systems
4. Security equipment like portable X-ray machines,
vehicle scanner, vehicle number plate identification
system, cyber patrol and communication monitoring
system, Integrated GIS based automated vehicle
tracking and management system.

9.  Since the happening of the 26/11, an estimated Rs 500 Crore (
$100 million) has been spent on the modernization of Mumbai
Police.
 As is the norm 75% of the cost was taken care of by the Central
Government.
 A special Force named Force One was created on the lines of
National Security Guard.
Plans are afoot for the installation of 5000 CCTVs in Mumbai alone.
 There is also a proposal for induction of Mini UAVs for Mumbai.

10.  Weapon systems bought include M-4 Assault Rifles, Anti-material Weapons, AK-47,
MP-5, as well as Bullet Proof Jackets, Amphibious Platforms for patrolling of city
coastline, armoured vehicles and motor bikes.
 Similar scale of modernization can witnessed in most cities of India.
 For 2012- Plans to procure 1368 MP5 Submachine Gun and 3440 Glock Pistols.
 Also Delhi Police is awaiting for allocation of the following from Union Home Ministry.
 1000 Glock Pistols,
 900 AK-47 rifles,
 513 number of MP-5 Submachine Gun and
 31 number of 9mm Pistols
 In 2011- Purchased 700 INSAS Rifles, 503 number of 9mm Pistols and 59 AK-47
Rifles.

11.  10,000 number of 9mm pistols
 3450 Glock Pistols
 3509 Assault Rifles
 59 numbers of AK-47
 11 Sniper Rifles
 4528 numbers of INSAS Rifles
 226 Multi Detectors
 20 Minesweepers
 240 X-Ray Baggage Scanners
 2 number of Jammers
 2 number of Mobile Cargo Containers
 2 number of X-Ray Baggage Inspector Systems
 Automated CDR Analysis Kit
 High-end Forensic Workstation
 10 Explosive Detectors
 35 Under Vehicle Video Scanners
 5 numbers of Bomb Blankets
 4 number of X-Ray Baggage Scanners
Source – MSN News
DELHI POLICE : MODERNIZATION AND PURCHASE OF EQUIPMENT

12. • CRPF has plans to procure 3000 sniffer dogs
for anti-Naxal operations.
• More fund is being availed by the Central
Government for modernization of state level
police forces than is being spend by the
states.
• Reports state that an estimated $300 million
being allocated by Home Ministry for training
of police personnel on sophisticated weapons
is yet to be utilized by states.

13.  Phase I of Modernization of BSF was from the period 2002 to
2011 under which Rs2330 Crore ($500 million) was allocated.
 Under Phase II of modernization Rs 5667 Crore ($ 1 billion)
has been allocated.
 As Per Union Home Ministry, modernization is being done
under the broad heads of :
1. Arms and Ammunition
2. Motor Transport
3. Clothing Tentage and Stores
4. Machinery & Equipment
5. Administration and Logistics
6. Solar Energy.
Similar scale of modernization is being undertaken for others
CAPFs also.

14.  In the Post 26/11 era, improvement in Coastal
Security has been given the highest priority.
 Indian Navy has been made the nodal agency
responsible for the entire arena of coastal and
maritime security.
 The three layers
of maritime
security Includes:
 Indian Navy
 Indian Coast Guard
 Coastal Police

15.  By 2020, Indian Coast Guard is expected to have 300
ships and 100 aircrafts.
 For better coastal security and surveillance and to
thwart a repeat of a sea bound attack as it happened
on 26/11, Indian Navy has created a specialized force
namely Sagar Prahari Bal which consists of 1000
personnel and 80 interceptor boats.
 It is expected that with the phased induction of eight
P8i Poseidon long Range Reconnaissance Aircrafts
from 2013, Indian navy’s martime surveillance
capability would get a substantial boost.

16.  The Government is also setting up a chain of
radars to properly monitor India’s 7500 km long
coast.
 Under Phase I of the Static Sensors Projects of
Coastal Surveillance Network of Indian Coast
Guard, 46 radar station clusters would be put up
across India’s coastal region.
 Under Phase II of the same, an additional 36 such
coastal radar stations would be put up in
addition to 10 more for the Andaman and
Nicobar Islands.

18.  The Maoist movement have been termed by
India’s Prime Minister as the greatest internal
security threat.
 However since 2009, the Maoists have been at
the receiving end with several of their top and
middle rung leadership having either being
neutralized or arrested.
 While the CRPF have been assisting the state
police in anti-Maoist operations, most of the
Maoist affected states have been on a
modernization spree and have come up with their
own special forces to combat the Maoists.

19.  Some of the most successful state level
special forces created for anti-Maoist
operations include
1. Greyhound- Andhra Pradesh
2. C-60 & Special Action Group – Maharashtra
3. Counterinsurgency Force & STRACO- West Bengal
4. Special Operations Group (SOG) – Odisha
5. Anti Naxal Force (ANF) – Karnataka
6. Special Task Force (STF) – Bihar
7. Jharkhand Jaguars – Jharkhand
8. Chhatisgarh Armed Force – Chhattisgarh
9. Hawk Force – Madhya Pradesh

20.  Additionally CRPF has also set up 10 battalions of
COBRA force for anti-Maoist operations and they
are equipped with Israeli made Tavor Assault
Rifles.
 The Union Home Ministry is also setting up 21
Counter Insurgency and Anti Terrorist (CIAT)
training schools across India.
 Further Union Government is fortifying 400
police stations with state of the art equipment in
the severely Maoist affected districts of India.
 The estimated expenditure for the whole project
is Rs 800 crore or $150 million.

21. The broad areas where market
exists in India are as follows :
• Internal Security Intelligence
Market
• Riot Control Equipment Market
• Non-lethal Weapons Market
• Critical Infrastructure Security
Market
• Aviation Security Market
• Maritime Security Market
• Border Security Market

22. The broad areas where market exists
in India are as follows :
• Perimeter Security Market
• Biometric Identification Market
• Private Sector Security Market
• Aerial Reconnaissance Market
including both manned & unmanned
Systems.
• Special Weapons and Training
Market for Special Forces including
assault rifles, ballistic shields,
combat gear, special forces vehicles,
helmets, bullet proof vests and night
vision devices.