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Rotor Rooting for Autorotational Success
- 1. Helicopter Training Federal Aviation Administration Educational Series Rotor Rooter Dr. Steve Sparks Updated 3/05/13 @ 8:33 AM Presented to: By: Date:
- 2. Federal Aviation Rotor Rooter: Administration Rooting for Autorotational Success Acronyms, checklists and memory aids.…a trip down memory lane Presented to: By: Date:
- 3. Objective Explore how acronyms, checklists and other memory aids can help mitigate risk associated with autorotations….and other helicopter training maneuvers. <Presentation Title – Change on Master Slide> Federal Aviation 3 <Date of Presentation – Change on Master Slide> Administration
- 4. Ground Rules Participate Ask questions Don’t throw anything at the moderator Make it personal Achieve one or two takeaways Have fun <Presentation Title – Change on Master Slide> Federal Aviation 4 <Date of Presentation – Change on Master Slide> Administration
- 5. From what Perspective….. Pilot-to-Pilot Instructor-to-Instructor As a Safety Advocate As an Educator As an Evaluator Point: What happens in Vegas….shouldn’t stay in Vegas! <Presentation Title – Change on Master Slide> Federal Aviation 5 <Date of Presentation – Change on Master Slide> Administration
- 6. What started all this madness….? Professional Pilot Development begins in the early phases of flight Instruction…Law of Primacy -My instructor’s influence! Checklists and prioritization in the cockpit…. <Presentation Title – Change on Master Slide> Federal Aviation 6 <Date of Presentation – Change on Master Slide> Administration
- 7. False Sense of Urgency!!!!!!! Self-imposed….. Anxiety generates urgency Instructors get impatient, so expectations become unrealistic… We associate efficiency with quickness Point “Extra seconds” invested in a thorough setup can pay huge dividends! <Presentation Title – Change on Master Slide> Federal Aviation 7 <Date of Presentation – Change on Master Slide> Administration
- 8. Inattention and Complacency Question: If we can standardize everything, why can’t we mitigate mediocrity from our performance? Question: How can we enhance our performance in the cockpit by “remembering” to do the basics? Recurring accidents….what are the positives? <Presentation Title – Change on Master Slide> Federal Aviation 8 <Date of Presentation – Change on Master Slide> Administration
- 9. Reasons for our complacency Complacency sets in because….we want to do it our way, we know best, the environment changes, we get in a hurry, we believe nothing bad can happen to us, checklists and procedures go out the window, we got away with it before, rules and regulations don’t apply to us, we’re better than the average pilot, we get bored, we want to try something new…… <Presentation Title – Change on Master Slide> Federal Aviation 9 <Date of Presentation – Change on Master Slide> Administration
- 10. Teaching and Using Checklists cklliistt he ck s C he C <Presentation Title – Change on Master Slide> Federal Aviation 10 <Date of Presentation – Change on Master Slide> Administration
- 11. Comments made about checklists….. They’re a crutch.... I’ve got thousands of hours, so I don’t need checklists…. The flight environment is too dynamic for checklists….I’ll just do my flows! They’re too bulky…. Flight hours do not equate to perfection! <Presentation Title – Change on Master Slide> Federal Aviation 11 <Date of Presentation – Change on Master Slide> Administration
- 12. Practical Test Standards PTS PTS Required use of checklists <Presentation Title – Change on Master Slide> Federal Aviation 12 <Date of Presentation – Change on Master Slide> Administration
- 13. Checklist Discipline The use of the word “checklist” in PTS – 76 times: Instructor PTS – 50 times: Private PTS – 48 times: Commercial PTS – 35 times: ATP PTS – 19 times: Instrument PTS Checklist usage is required! <Presentation Title – Change on Master Slide> Federal Aviation 13 <Date of Presentation – Change on Master Slide> Administration
- 14. Percentage Share of Accidents by Industry/Mission (Years 2000, 2001, 2006) 1. Personal/Private 18.5 percent 2. Instructional/Training 17.6 percent 3. Aerial Application 10.3 percent 4. EMS 7.6 percent 5. Commercial 7.5 percent 6. Law Enforcement 6.5 percent <Presentation Title – Change on Master Slide> Federal Aviation 14 <Date of Presentation – Change on Master Slide> Administration
- 15. Percentage Share of Accidents by Activity (Years 2000, 2001, 2006) 1. Instructional/Training 22.8 percent 2. Positioning/RTB 13.2 percent 3. Personal/Private 12.4 percent 4. Passenger/Cargo 9.8 percent 5. Aerial Application 9.0 percent 13. EMS 1.1 percent <Presentation Title – Change on Master Slide> Federal Aviation 15 <Date of Presentation – Change on Master Slide> Administration
- 16. So why ACRONYMS? They’re fun and simple memory aids They’re inexpensive They help us complete and prioritize tasks (critical/noncritical & obvious/not so obvious) They just stick…. They give the evaluator a glimpse into your thought process…”what is he/she going to do next”? <Presentation Title – Change on Master Slide> Federal Aviation 16 <Date of Presentation – Change on Master Slide> Administration
- 17. Pre-flight Autorotation Briefing “PRE-AUTOS” • P = Progressive Approach to Autorotations • R = Recovery gates (300, 200 & 100 feet AGL) • E = Environment • A = Airspeeds • U = Understanding the principles of an autorotation • T = Techniques • O = rOtor limitations/warning sounds • S = SAFE (Spot, ATC, Fight Instructor intervention, Engine) <Presentation Title – Change on Master Slide> Federal Aviation 17 <Date of Presentation – Change on Master Slide> Administration
- 18. In-flight Pre-Autorotation Setup Briefing Acronym….”HASEL” check • H = Height AGL (appropriate entry altitudes) • A = Area clear of hazards • S = Setup and security • E = Engine/system parameters • L = Look out for traffic & obstacles <Presentation Title – Change on Master Slide> Federal Aviation 18 <Date of Presentation – Change on Master Slide> Administration
- 19. Autorotation Scanning Acronym….(RATS) • R = Rotor • A = Airspeed • T = Trim • S = Spot Points: Repeat the acronym over and over (prevents fixation) Go-around early if the picture is not right…. Plan-Continuation-Basis (PCB). “I can salvage this maneuver” <Presentation Title – Change on Master Slide> Federal Aviation 19 <Date of Presentation – Change on Master Slide> Administration
- 20. Risk Assessment Acronym I…lliness M…edication S…tress A…lcohol F…atigue E…ating <Presentation Title – Change on Master Slide> Federal Aviation 20 <Date of Presentation – Change on Master Slide> Administration
- 21. Preflight: Be attentive and never trust anyone with your fluids or hatches…. <Presentation Title – Change on Master Slide> Federal Aviation 21 <Date of Presentation – Change on Master Slide> Administration
- 22. Positive Influence-”We never read about the accidents that never happened” • Quantifying the positives… • Glass half-full mentality…actually the helicopter industry’s glass is 99.2% full of safety success stories…really! • Everyone in this audience has influence…..Student Pilots….Commercial Pilots…and Instructors (You are the ones we are trying to reach) <Presentation Title – Change on Master Slide> Federal Aviation 22 <Date of Presentation – Change on Master Slide> Administration
- 23. Which path are you going to take? <Presentation Title – Change on Master Slide> Federal Aviation 23 <Date of Presentation – Change on Master Slide> Administration
- 24. Questions <Presentation Title – Change on Master Slide> Federal Aviation 24 <Date of Presentation – Change on Master Slide> Administration
Notas do Editor
- Concept Design: June Tonsing -314-890-4815 Ist Slide for Fixed wing Presentation Collaboration: Kevin Clover, Steve Keesey, Steve Sparks, Phil Dixon, Pat Knight, June Tonsing Producer: Felice Brunner This Presentation has duplicate slides in certain places to be customized at the local level for Audience type. And Regional issues to be added by AOR FPM.
- Concept Design: June Tonsing -314-890-4815 1 st slide for Helicopter audience Presentation Collaboration: Kevin Clover, Steve Keesey, Dr. Steven Sparks, Phil Dixon, Pat Knight, June Tonsing Producer: Felice Brunner This is the first in a series of FAASTeam Loss of Control educational outreach presentations. These concepts are meant to encourage awareness for Designees, CFIs and any other airman delivering training, checking or practicing maneuvers. The main thought process is that the maneuver should not be initiated if the aircraft is already outside of the MIE envelope. The maneuver should be stopped if prior to completion the aircraft will move outside of the MIE. The next few slides will discuss the components of the MIE and a few [but not the only] mitigation strategies.
- One of the standards that Successful CFIs infuse into their Core Values is: Customer Satisfaction: No Student wants to be treated badly, treat them with respect and as if they are your sole means of support… word gets around that you don’t treat your students with due care and respect… they will be…but not for long. Also; Customer Service is often lacking in the Instructor/Student relationship, the student is paying for a thorough professional service and has expectations and personal goals… If you are seen as “just Passing through” on your way to the Airline… you will soon be “passed over” by potential new students who are searching for the “Right CFI”
- One of the standards that Successful CFIs infuse into their Core Values is: Customer Satisfaction: No Student wants to be treated badly, treat them with respect and as if they are your sole means of support… word gets around that you don’t treat your students with due care and respect… they will be…but not for long. Also; Customer Service is often lacking in the Instructor/Student relationship, the student is paying for a thorough professional service and has expectations and personal goals… If you are seen as “just Passing through” on your way to the Airline… you will soon be “passed over” by potential new students who are searching for the “Right CFI”
- #3 CFI Complacency - Often it is a struggle to instill in the instructors the importance of "being in the moment". Far to often they act on impulse without performing the maneuver in their head prior to initiating some action in the helicopter ie. forced landing. This usually results in a situation they are not expecting, causing the instructor and the student to be behind the helicopter.
- #3 CFI Complacency - Often it is a struggle to instill in the instructors the importance of "being in the moment". Far to often they act on impulse without performing the maneuver in their head prior to initiating some action in the helicopter ie. forced landing. This usually results in a situation they are not expecting, causing the instructor and the student to be behind the helicopter.
- As The Instructor is the revered leader in most aviation communities …believed to accomplish the leaping of tall buildings and such… It is important that the CFI know that they are being observed and emulated… So the CFI must use the checklists too…the appropriate/timely use of "checklists" before maneuvers are initiated-when appropriate of course. More specifically, We often see the lack of pilot discipline in thoroughly briefing an instrument approach prior to beginning this highly demanding phase of flight (approach & landing). The margin of safety is greatly diminished because of this unfortunate tendency. As revealed in loss of control studies, the amount/degree of task requirement placed on pilots during the approach and landing phase of flight greatly increases and sometimes exceeds a pilot's true capability. This unfortunately places them, their aircraft and passengers outside the safety envelope. the aviation community often gets tunnel vision in believing maneuvering flight only involves VFR maneuvering and doesn't fully include IFR maneuvering into their overall Risk Management reduction strategy when it comes to reducing loss of control accidents.
- One of the standards that Successful CFIs infuse into their Core Values is: Customer Satisfaction: No Student wants to be treated badly, treat them with respect and as if they are your sole means of support… word gets around that you don’t treat your students with due care and respect… they will be…but not for long. Also; Customer Service is often lacking in the Instructor/Student relationship, the student is paying for a thorough professional service and has expectations and personal goals… If you are seen as “just Passing through” on your way to the Airline… you will soon be “passed over” by potential new students who are searching for the “Right CFI”
- Keep the Practical Test Standards in mind as you train and test. These windows of proficiency were developed with consideration to assure the airman has full command authority over the aircraft, [Knowledge AND Skills] Often we find that CFIs resort to accepting minimum performance and preparing students only to pass the checkride; one solution to this unprofessional behavior is for the CFI to embrace techniques that…concentrate their teaching utilizing scenarios and assuring full student comprehension of the need to master each maneuver, includes technical skill AND knowledge.
- We all have memories of our CFI sitting in the cool air-conditioned or Warm [in winter] Briefing area … while we struggle with many unanswered questions during pre-flight. The CFI should attend each and every student pr-flight… there are so many teachable moments that occur in this time…