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A "What-if" analysis
Andrea Dainese - Data Center Engineer
Designing an Hybrid Data
Center Infrastructure
Data Center topology (8 years ago)
Devices
● Cisco Catalyst 6500 (core)
● Cisco Catalyst 3560 (access)
● Physical servers
● FC Storage
Data Center topology (8 years ago)
What-if
● a core switch power down? ←
● an access switch power down?
● a fiber became unidirectional?
Problems
● L2 Loops
● NHRP ←
● black hole caused by STP convergence ←
Solutions
● HSRP/GLBP ←
● UDLD
● RPVST ←
● Storm Control
● VSS + PortChannel ←
Conclusions
● lossy network ←
Data Center topology (8 years ago)
What-if
● a core switch power down?
● an access switch power down?
● a fiber became unidirectional? ←
Problems
● L2 Loops ←
● NHRP
● black hole caused by STP convergence
Solutions
● HSRP/GLBP
● UDLD ←
● RPVST
● Storm Control ←
● VSS + PortChannel ←
Conclusions
● lossy network ←
Data Center topology (8 years ago)
What-if
● a core switch power down?
● an access switch power down?
● a fiber became unidirectional? ←
Problems
● L2 Loops ←
● NHRP
● black hole caused by STP convergence
Solutions
● HSRP/GLBP
● UDLD ←
● RPVST
● Storm Control ←
● VSS + PortChannel ←
Conclusions
● lossy network ←
Data Center topology (8 years ago)
What-if
● a core switch power down?
● an access switch power down?
● a fiber became unidirectional? ←
Problems
● L2 Loops ←
● NHRP
● black hole caused by STP convergence
Solutions
● HSRP/GLBP
● UDLD ←
● RPVST
● Storm Control ←
● VSS + PortChannel ←
Conclusions
● lossy network ←
Data Center topology (4 years ago)
Evolutions
● needing a cheaper/easier storage network
● needing a faster Ethernet network
● 50% physical - 50% virtual servers
Devices
● Cisco Nexus 5000 (10 GbE core)
● Cisco Nexus 2000 (10 GbE access)
● Virtual servers
● NetApp storage (iSCSI/NFS)
Data Center topology (4 years ago)
What-if
● a SCSI transmission is lost/delayed?
● a cluster heartbeat is lost/delayed?
Problems
● SCSI over a lossy network
● Cluster heartbeat over a lossy network
Solutions
● VMware Tools
● Timeouts
Conclusions
● SCSI doesn't like lossy networks
Data Center topology (today)
Evolutions
● needing an unified cabling
● 10% physical - 90% virtual servers
Devices
● Blade Servers
● Virtual Appliance
● Unified Cabling (2 fibers bring everything)
Data Center topology (today)
What-if
● a Cisco Nexus 5000 reboots?
● a BPDU is transmitted by a VM? ←
Problems
● Failover does not work anymore
● BPDUs shut down all VMware servers ←
Solutions
● Knows your devices ←
Conclusions
● Hybrid devices behave unexpectedly ←
Notes
● Nexus 1000v or vSphere 5.1 can filter BPDUs
● Reject “Forged Transmit” is not a solution
Data Center topology (today)
What-if
● a Cisco Nexus 5000 reboots?
● a BPDU is transmitted by a VM? ←
Problems
● Failover does not work anymore
● BPDUs shut down all VMware servers ←
Solutions
● Knows your devices ←
Conclusions
● Hybrid devices behave unexpectedly ←
Notes
● Nexus 1000v or vSphere 5.1 can filter BPDUs
● Reject “Forged Transmit” is not a solution
Data Center topology (today)
What-if
● a Cisco Nexus 5000 reboots?
● a BPDU is transmitted by a VM? ←
Problems
● Failover does not work anymore
● BPDUs shut down all VMware servers ←
Solutions
● Knows your devices ←
Conclusions
● Hybrid devices behave unexpectedly ←
Notes
● Nexus 1000v or vSphere 5.1 can filter BPDUs
● Reject “Forged Transmit” is not a solution
Data Center topology (today)
What-if
● a Cisco Nexus 5000 reboots?
● a BPDU is transmitted by a VM? ←
Problems
● Failover does not work anymore
● BPDUs shut down all VMware servers ←
Solutions
● Knows your devices ←
Conclusions
● Hybrid devices behave unexpectedly ←
Notes
● Nexus 1000v or vSphere 5.1 can filter BPDUs
● Reject “Forged Transmit” is not a solution
Conclusions
I. Ethernet is a lossy network
Be sure your software can tolerate connection reset,
packet loss/delay.
II. Software/Hardware integration can behave
unexpectedly
Be aware of what your are including in your data-center
and how to best configure it.
Thanks
andrea.dainese@gmail.com
http://www.routereflector.com/
http://www.linkedin.com/in/adainese
@adainese
Andrea Dainese

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festival ICT 2013: Designing an Hybrid Data Center Infrastructure

  • 1. A "What-if" analysis Andrea Dainese - Data Center Engineer Designing an Hybrid Data Center Infrastructure
  • 2. Data Center topology (8 years ago) Devices ● Cisco Catalyst 6500 (core) ● Cisco Catalyst 3560 (access) ● Physical servers ● FC Storage
  • 3. Data Center topology (8 years ago) What-if ● a core switch power down? ← ● an access switch power down? ● a fiber became unidirectional? Problems ● L2 Loops ● NHRP ← ● black hole caused by STP convergence ← Solutions ● HSRP/GLBP ← ● UDLD ● RPVST ← ● Storm Control ● VSS + PortChannel ← Conclusions ● lossy network ←
  • 4. Data Center topology (8 years ago) What-if ● a core switch power down? ● an access switch power down? ● a fiber became unidirectional? ← Problems ● L2 Loops ← ● NHRP ● black hole caused by STP convergence Solutions ● HSRP/GLBP ● UDLD ← ● RPVST ● Storm Control ← ● VSS + PortChannel ← Conclusions ● lossy network ←
  • 5. Data Center topology (8 years ago) What-if ● a core switch power down? ● an access switch power down? ● a fiber became unidirectional? ← Problems ● L2 Loops ← ● NHRP ● black hole caused by STP convergence Solutions ● HSRP/GLBP ● UDLD ← ● RPVST ● Storm Control ← ● VSS + PortChannel ← Conclusions ● lossy network ←
  • 6. Data Center topology (8 years ago) What-if ● a core switch power down? ● an access switch power down? ● a fiber became unidirectional? ← Problems ● L2 Loops ← ● NHRP ● black hole caused by STP convergence Solutions ● HSRP/GLBP ● UDLD ← ● RPVST ● Storm Control ← ● VSS + PortChannel ← Conclusions ● lossy network ←
  • 7. Data Center topology (4 years ago) Evolutions ● needing a cheaper/easier storage network ● needing a faster Ethernet network ● 50% physical - 50% virtual servers Devices ● Cisco Nexus 5000 (10 GbE core) ● Cisco Nexus 2000 (10 GbE access) ● Virtual servers ● NetApp storage (iSCSI/NFS)
  • 8. Data Center topology (4 years ago) What-if ● a SCSI transmission is lost/delayed? ● a cluster heartbeat is lost/delayed? Problems ● SCSI over a lossy network ● Cluster heartbeat over a lossy network Solutions ● VMware Tools ● Timeouts Conclusions ● SCSI doesn't like lossy networks
  • 9. Data Center topology (today) Evolutions ● needing an unified cabling ● 10% physical - 90% virtual servers Devices ● Blade Servers ● Virtual Appliance ● Unified Cabling (2 fibers bring everything)
  • 10. Data Center topology (today) What-if ● a Cisco Nexus 5000 reboots? ● a BPDU is transmitted by a VM? ← Problems ● Failover does not work anymore ● BPDUs shut down all VMware servers ← Solutions ● Knows your devices ← Conclusions ● Hybrid devices behave unexpectedly ← Notes ● Nexus 1000v or vSphere 5.1 can filter BPDUs ● Reject “Forged Transmit” is not a solution
  • 11. Data Center topology (today) What-if ● a Cisco Nexus 5000 reboots? ● a BPDU is transmitted by a VM? ← Problems ● Failover does not work anymore ● BPDUs shut down all VMware servers ← Solutions ● Knows your devices ← Conclusions ● Hybrid devices behave unexpectedly ← Notes ● Nexus 1000v or vSphere 5.1 can filter BPDUs ● Reject “Forged Transmit” is not a solution
  • 12. Data Center topology (today) What-if ● a Cisco Nexus 5000 reboots? ● a BPDU is transmitted by a VM? ← Problems ● Failover does not work anymore ● BPDUs shut down all VMware servers ← Solutions ● Knows your devices ← Conclusions ● Hybrid devices behave unexpectedly ← Notes ● Nexus 1000v or vSphere 5.1 can filter BPDUs ● Reject “Forged Transmit” is not a solution
  • 13. Data Center topology (today) What-if ● a Cisco Nexus 5000 reboots? ● a BPDU is transmitted by a VM? ← Problems ● Failover does not work anymore ● BPDUs shut down all VMware servers ← Solutions ● Knows your devices ← Conclusions ● Hybrid devices behave unexpectedly ← Notes ● Nexus 1000v or vSphere 5.1 can filter BPDUs ● Reject “Forged Transmit” is not a solution
  • 14. Conclusions I. Ethernet is a lossy network Be sure your software can tolerate connection reset, packet loss/delay. II. Software/Hardware integration can behave unexpectedly Be aware of what your are including in your data-center and how to best configure it.