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Variablity of stripe rust tigray ethiopia by teklay abebe
1. Variability of Stripe Rust on Occurrence in
Tigray, Ethiopia
Teklay Abebe, Worku D, Getaneh W
Plant Pathology Researcher
April 28 to May 02/2014, Izmir, Turkey
2nd
INTERNATIONAL WHEAT STRIPE RUST
SYMPOSIUM
2. Introduction
Potential threats and epidemics
The spatial and temporal variability
The performance of wheat genotypes
Conclusions
Acknowledgments
2
Presentation outline
4. Area and production trend of wheat
0
1
2
1997 2005
2013
0.77
1.44 1.7
Area (ha)
4
t/ha
Staple & strategic for achieving food security
Largest producer in SSA
About 4MMT is produced by 5m HHs SSF
Tigray : >0.21 m tones by over 0.5m HHS
Productivity on Model farmers (5-6t/ha)
5. Potential constraints to wheat production
5
Wheat rusts Pathogen Yield loss (%)
Stripe rust Puccinia striiformis 58-100
Stem rust P. graminis 67-100
Leaf rust P. recondita Up to 75
Septoria Leaf
blotch
Mycosphaerella
graminicola/Zymoseptoria tritici
92
7. Stripe rust epidemics in 2010
7
Ethiopia experienced the largest
stripe rust epidemics
About 600,000 ha affected
Over $3 million worth of
fungicides were distributed
Kubsa & Galema’s resistance
broke ( Yr27 virulent race)
Tigray :Almost free of the
epidemics
15. Reaction of YR differential hostsReaction of YR differential hosts
DIFFERENTIALS YR GENE Response
YR5/6*AOC CX86.6.1.20 Yr5 0
YR10/6* Avocet S Yr10 0
YR15/6* Avocet S Yr15 0(85S)
YR26/3*AOC CX96.17.1. Yr26 0(80S)
YRSP/6*AOC CX94.14.1.15 YrSP 0(70S)
YR1/6*Avocet S Yr1 40MS
YR6/6*AOC CX94.2.2.25 Yr6 80S
YR7/6* Avocet S Yr7 100S
YR8/6* Avocet S Yr8 10MR
YR9/6* Avocet S Yr9 100S
YR17/3*AOC CX94.8.1.25 Yr17 70S
YR18/3*AOC CX94.10.1.7 Yr18 60MS
YR27/3*AOC CX94.19.1.1 Yr27 50MS
AVOCET R YrA 10MR
AVOCET S 100S
Morocco 100S
15
16. Concluding remarks
Recurrent wheat rusts (stripe rust) epidemics is a key constraint to
Ethiopian farmers and beyond
The breakdown of resistance is a common after two or three years
of cultivation
Adaptation to warmer climate (Climate change) widening
epidemics
The development & deployment of resistance + IDM is of concern
Establishments and strengthening of molecular labs & C. Building
National, regional and international collaboration & networking
16