1. KIBERA, NAIROBI

2. “The living conditions are harsh and profoundly unforgiving. The deprivations people face on a daily basis are fundamental: severe overcrowding, terrible sanitation, chronic disease, malnutrition, and nighttime insecurity.” Kiberasoweto east a case study in slum upgrading,MICHELLE MULCAHY AND MING-RU CH,Uhttp

4. More than 300,000 people live in less than a square mile..

6. There is no infrastructure

7. There is no infrastructure No access to water, electricity, or sanitation

8. There is no infrastructure No access to water, electricity, or sanitation Human excreta cannot be disposed of safely, so disease is rampant

9. The Effects of Living Without Infrastructure Kibera is entirely without infrastructure, and has little to no access to basic services such as garbage collection, sanitation, drainage systems, and access to water. The vastly insufficient number of available lavatories and baths result in the practice of ‘flying toilets’– human excreta in plastic bags which are disposed of at night by throwing them into the air to land where they may, as there is nowhere to safely dispose of them. 9

11. A Dangerous Environment The physical environment itself is dangerous

12. A Dangerous Environment The physical environment itself is dangerous People walk around on, live in, and their children playon, surfaces contaminated with human waste, which can contain dangerous pathogens.

13. A Dangerous Environment The physical environment itself is dangerous People walk around on, live in, and their children playon, surfaces contaminated with human waste, which can contain dangerous pathogens. There is a direct link between the absence of sanitation systems and the presence of deadly diseases.

14. A Dangerous Environment The physical environment itself is dangerous People walk around on, live in, and their children playon, surfaces contaminated with human waste, which can contain dangerous pathogens. There is a direct link between the absence of sanitation systems and the presence of deadly diseases. The lack of waste disposal, drainage systems and public toilets, allow for diseases such as malaria, diarrhea and cholerato flourish.

16. One in five children do not live to see their fifth birthday The Guardian, Friday 10 November 2006 00.09 GMT

18. Water is brought in by truck or piped in via fragile, leaky plastic tubes There are no guarantees of quality or derivation – often the tanks are contaminated by the surrounding run-off Women and children spend hours each day in lines at the water sellers’ tanks. When there are shortages they are unable to find water, or pay for it

19. On most days the vendors charge 5 cents for five gallons 100 timesthe cost of piped water provided by the city 7 times the cost of piped water in London The Business of Water in an East African Shanty Town,Sarah Stuteville - up to 20 percent of a Kiberan’s income Carolina For Kibera

21. Water Related Infrastructure in Kenya About 20 percent of Kenya is urbanized, but much is yet to be done in terms of urban planning. In Nairobi, for instance, public taps are available to only 3 percent of slum dwellers, and fifteen percent to the entire city. http://development.thinkaboutit.eu/think3/post/water_and_sanitation_still_a_huge_challenge_in_africa/) In the entire country, only 34 percent have access to public tap water, or water piped right into their residences. Nationally 31 percent get water from wells, springs and other sources. -Dr. Catherine Kyabutungi of the Africa Population and Health Research Center (APHR) 21

24. KI HNP CONCEPT PART II INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS KIBERA, February 2nd, 2011 KIBERA, LIKE MANY SLUMS AROUND THE WORLD, THOUGH SITUATED CLOSE TO THE CENTER OF THE CAPITAL, HAS LITTLE OR NO ACCESS MUNICIPAL WATER, SEWAGE SYSTEMS OR GARBAGE DISPOSAL. LANDRIGHTS ARE DISPUTED, SO FEW WILL INVEST IN UPGRADING THIS SQUARE MILE, THOUGH IT HOUSES AROUND 300,000 PEOPLE, WHO SUFFER DISEASE AND HIGH INFANT MORTALITY AS A DIRECT RESULT OF ITS POOR INFRASTRUCTURE.

25. HNP CONCEPT PART I “When sorrows come, they come not single spies, but in battalions.”(“Hamlet” 1602, Shakespeare)Trouble never comes alone..

26. HNP CONCEPT PART I The problems in Kibera don’t either

27. HNP CONCEPT PART I And yet many aid projects in Kibera have acted by focusing on just one thing at a time

28. HNP CONCEPT PART I This may be why so many have failed..

29. HNP CONCEPT PART I Once the construction was finished the benefactor left and the project quickly deteriorated - or it was diverted to benefit the personal interests of the “managing” team

30. HNP CONCEPT PART I Or else the income from just lavatories, say, or water, cooking gas, et aldid not suffice to pay for its upkeep

31. HNP CONCEPT PART I The problems in Kibera are many and they are interrelated

32. HNP CONCEPT PART I So why attack just one of the problems?

35. HNP CONCEPT PART I The HNP Concept proposes a Center with a Subscription business model The Center will function as a pod of miniature infrastructure in the village of Gatwekera

36. 36 HNP CONCEPT PART I The HNP Concept proposes a Center with a Subscription business model The Center will function as a pod of miniature infrastructure in the village of Gatwekera The subscription will be priced to fit with local economic standards

37. HNP CONCEPT PART I The HNP Concept proposes a Center with a Subscription business model The Center will function as a pod of miniature infrastructure in the village of Gatwekera The subscription will be priced to fit with local economic standards Kiberanspay for their own services and are not receiving charity or Aid.

38. HNP CONCEPT PART I The HNP Concept proposes a Center with a Subscription business model The Center will function as a pod of miniature infrastructure in the village of Gatwekera The subscription will be priced to fit with local economic standards Kiberanspay for their own services and are not receiving charity or Aid. HNP will donate the center to the community in the form of a Subscriber owned Co-op

39. HNP CONCEPT PART I The HNP Concept proposes a Center with a Subscription business model The Center will function as a pod of miniature infrastructure in the village of Gatwekera The subscription will be priced to fit with local economic standards Kiberanspay for their own services and are not receiving charity or Aid. HNP will donate the center to the community in the form of a Subscriber owned Co-op The Co-op will have no start up costs to be amortized, or debt, and additionally, a trained crew and management sourced from the Community

40. HNP CONCEPT PART I Offering a wide array of services reflects our intent to createa strong subscription poolin the community to ensure the center’s economic self-sufficiency and independence. The aggregate services will include a combination of education, access to credit and savings tools, communications and information campaigns.

41. HNP CONCEPT PART I waterpowersanitationclean technologyadult learning centermicrofinance institution public baths and lavatories Information & campaigns officeplayground, wifi and cappuccino bar communications and business servicesfinancial planning & systems/ops manualsubscriber ownership & community leadership

42. KIBERA PILOT PROJECT

43. 43 Pilot Project Site Kibera, Kenya, Google Earth View

45. Lack of adequate latrines forces residents to use alternative means of excreta disposal, such as polythene bags referred to as "flying toilets" (wrap and throw method). These are commonly used at night when residents consider it insecure to use latrines outside. Children defecate in small plastic buckets for cooking fat (e.g. Kasuku) which are emptied by the mothe either in the next pit latrine or sewer. http://www.kslum.org/aboutkibera.htm Solid waste covers this river running by some latrines. http://www.kwaho.org/loc-d-kibera.html Mothers and girls fetch water from a bursted main pipe. 44 X

46. Kibera, Kenya

47. Community Center

48. Concept Design laundry sewage treatment water sale clinic energy generation battery sale café/wi-fi Fresh water treatment classroom store well/water courtyard, children play area battery female families male

49. Concept Design

50. Aerials courtyard, children play area

51. Concept Designs

52. Street View

53. Stepping into Men’s Restroom Water Store

54. Mobile Technology Containers Modular Containers: 20ft / 40ft Donated end of life shipping containers, packed with life sustaining technologies Sanitation Water Energy Laundry/Sewage Health Clinic Sewage/Waste Work/Education IT/ Communication

55. Site Plan (DRAFT)

56. Site Plan (DRAFT)

57. Site Plan (DRAFT)

58. Waste Recycling Schematic

59. 58 Septic Tank and Anaerobic Upflow Filters

60. Horizontal Roughing Filter with Planter Bed

61. Second Water Store Planter Beds with Ecological Waste Treatment Below

62. Upflow Vertical Roughing Filter

63. Services Units

64. Kibera, Kenya

65. Sanitation Units: Female and Families

66. Sanitation Units: Female and Families

67. Sanitation Units: Male

68. Kibera, Kenya

69. Kibera, Kenya

70. Free Wifi, Café, Playground

71. Human Needs Project - Development, not Aid Community Involvement: Local Ownership & Leadership Training of Community Recruits Incorporation as Subscriber owned Co-op Subscriptions will provide necessary income for maintenance Financial independence of Co-op Survey-based Design & Solutions HNP developed Business Tools for Management Financial Planning Systems & Operations Manuals Contingencies Trained management

73. NO PERCEPTION OF OWNERSHIP

74. NO VOICE IN DESIGN/CONCEPT

77. NO EXPERTISE

80. Human Needs Project Aggregate Services Self-development programs Water Clean Technology Information Campaign development

81. HNP CONCEPT PART II A HOLISTIC APPROACH

82. HNP CONCEPT PART III BREAKING OUT OF KIBERA BASIC SERVICES SHOWERS CLEAN DRINKING WATER LAVATORIES FREE WIFI ACCESS TO COMMUNICA-TION COMPUTERS/FAX PRINTER ACCESS TO CREDIT & SAVINGS PROGRAM BUSINESSDEVELOPMENT COURSE CONCEPT, LEGAL & ACCOUNTING INFORMATION HEALTH NUTRITION PARENTING A LIFE BEYOND KIBERA EDUCATION/TRAINING SKILL SETS KNOW HOW MENTORING CONTACTS & OPPORTUNITY

83. HNP CONCEPT PART IV PERSONAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM

84. HNP CONCEPT PART IV COURSES (A SELECTION) HOSPITALITY COMPUTER SKILLS BASIC READING WRITING & MATH RETAIL BASIC ACCOUNTING ORGANIZATION COMMUNICATION UNIVERSITY APPLICATIONS, CV’S HYGIENE/HANDWASHING PARENTING/NUTRITION GARBAGE/RECYCLING/COMPOSTING CORPORATE DOCUMENTS BUSINESS TOOLS SAVINGS/PERSONAL FINANCES

85. HNP CONCEPT PART III RELEASING THE POTENTIAL IN EVERY PERSON AGGREGATE SERVICES “WE BELIEVE POTENTIAL CREATIVITY AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP IS EVERYWHERE. THE HNP “TOWN-CENTER” CAN FUNCTION AS A GENERATOR, ENERGIZING THE COMMUNITY AND RELEASING THE POTENTIAL IN EVERY PERSON.” - KEN KAO, HNP PROJECT DESIGNER

86. HNP CONCEPT PART III SERVICES

87. Human Needs Project Aggregate Services Self-development programs Water Clean Technology Information Campaign development

88. HNP CONCEPT PART V THE SPECIALISTS THE LATEST TECHNOLOGY & DATA DESIGN CHIEF TECHNICAL CONSULTANT SUSTAINABLE PRACTICES CONSTRUCTION WASTE WATER MANAGEMENT BUSINESS LAB & MENTORING BUSINESS PLAN & O/M

90. COMMUNITY EFFORT CO-ORDINATION

91. COMMUNICATION HNP&KIBERA

92. ADULT LEARNING CENTER PROGRAM

95. COMMUNITY EFFORT CO-ORDINATION

96. COMMUNICATION HNP&KIBERA

97. ADULT LEARNING CENTER PROGRAM

100. Communicate about how best to serve Kibera's residents,

101. Co-ordinate community group's efforts,

102. Pool resources and

103. Set up an information gathering program where all groups can send in monthly numbers of cases, specifying type, fx disease, death, orphan, new arrivals etc.

106. SYSTEMS & OPERATIONS MANUAL

107. CONTINGENCIES

108. REPAIRS

109. SPARE PARTS

110. SERVICES & DELIVERY PLAN

112. HNP - Clean technology, local resources As with all other things, Electricity is also scarce in Kibera, and unreliable. Say we dug a well. We would have to dig deep to reach water levels, and to avoid contamination. How would we power the pumps to bring the water up; never mind pumping it in sufficient amounts into showers and lavatories? HNP will supply the Center with Clean Energy, not only Solar Energy to power the Center, but also the technology to deal with its Wastewater. Clean Technology is relatively cheap and very reliable, and is very well adapted to single-user solutions where general infrastructure is lacking. HNP’s Technical team provides the Center with the latest innovations and is committed to sourcing all possible materials locally and to hire locally whenever possible.

113. Can Kiberans pay for their own services? It is integral to HNP’s concept that the Center be economically self-sustaining and independent. In our survey of potential HNP Center Users in Kibera, we found that, though not all, most would pay to have access to a public bathroom, the same was true for access to public baths. http://www.zoomerang.com/Shared/SharedResultsPasswordPage.aspx?ID=L24MKZ9N3ES3 Kiberans already pay for water, though they pay too much for water, which holds no guarantee of being absolutely clean. Kiberans also pay for baths at the UN facility in another part of Kibera. HNP believes that Kiberans will pay for their own services if these services are combined in one attractive package, in effect creating a self-sufficient economy for the Center.

114. HNP Center owned by subscribersHNP will be owned and led by its subscribers. HNP will institute a co-op and donate the center to the co-op once management is ready. By creating ownership by Many, and a democratic leadership, HNP intends to safeguard the Center from being taken over by selfish interests.HNP will provide the coop management and maintenance recruits with education and training so they are prepared for all contingencies and operations. In the process, this will also create a team of experienced Clean Technology experts in the middle of the slum of Kibera.

115. Financial and contingency planningHNP wants to ensure the absolute continued success of its Kibera pilot project by giving the Kibera center the best possible tools we have access to ourselves.The HNP Economic Team will provide the Center’s management with business and contingency plans, financial planning tools and systems and operations manuals

116. Why should a business in Kibera be any less diligent in ensuring its own success than any other business in the US?

117. Many projects in Kibera have failed,but we plan on making this one the exception…

118. waterpowersanitationclean technologyadult learning centermicrofinance institution public baths and lavatoriesinformation campaigns officeplayground and cappuccino barbusiness plan & systems/ops manualcommunications and business serviceslocal & trained human resources and leadership

120. HNP KEY PEOPLE SONNY AULAKH, CEO Greenlight Apparel CONNIE NIELSEN, Actor, HNP project leader ANDY BARKETT, facebook JOHN O’CONNOR, Dean , Brookhouse International School WILLIAM OGUTU, HNP Community Organizer STEFANIE COYOTE, Singer, Activist JOYCE ONEKO, Attorney, Community Organizer, Founder of Mama Na Dada VANESSA GETTY, philanthropist PAUL POSPISIL, Geologist, Questa Engineering MARCI GLAZER, philanthropist NORMAN HANTZSCHE, CEO Questa Engineering DAN PRULL, Energy Director Redhorse Constr., Energy System Design Consultant at Moskito Island DANIEL KAMMEN, Prof. UC Berkeley, World BankSpecialist Renewable Energy JOHN TODD, CEO Ecological Design KENNETH KAO, Lecturer Harvard, CEO Kao Design Group DAVID WARNER, CEO RedhorseConstrutors, HNP project leader MEGAN WARNER, Web Designer, City Winery JONATHAN KAPLAN, Inventor Flip Video & Founder of Pure Digital YEMA KHALIF, Web Designer, HNP Community organizer JIM WUNDERMAN, CEO Bay Area Council, Lecturer UC Davis

121. QUOTES Jim Wunderman “I was excited about the project from the time Connie first described it to me – the chance to do something so meaningful for people who live in such desperate conditions really grabbed me. I spend most of my time at the Bay Area Council worrying about how to fix the problems we face here at home, but then when you consider what people go through just to survive in the Kiberas of the world, it puts things into context. But my “HNP moment” – at least thus far – was when Connie introduced the project to my students at UC Davis, the idea being to entice at least a few of these soon to be MBA’s to volunteer. I was so moved by my students’ expressions – so many jaws dropping – as she explained the need and detailed the potential for real solutions we could drive. These students work full time in addition to participating in a most consuming MBA program – yet to a person they were taken by the magnitude of what HNP can mean. And yes, a whole crew of them jumped up after the class was over when asked to sign up, and they’ve been working on the economics of the project ever since. During the quarter, I introduced the students to many CEOs and industry leaders who spoke of their challenges and their leadership styles, and as usual, the class was impressed. But there was no more profound moment, not even close, than when Connie took the floor and showed them, in effect, how their own expertise and contribution could do so much more than simply boost sales or increase quarterly earnings. I believe a lot of perspectives were changed that night, making it not only my HNP moment, but my UC Davis moment, too.” Andy Barkett's:"There are few times in our lives when we are presented with an opportunity to make a massive difference in the lives of many, many people. The human needs project is just such an opportunity. In our busy lives, it is hard to find the time or the energy to dedicate to seemingly intractable problems like global poverty and disease. The Human Needs Project is a cause for which I will gladly let other things slide. The opportunity to help one person transition from a life of squalor to a vibrant, healthy life is a worthwhile endeavor. The Human Needs Project is an opportunity to help thousands, or maybe more. It is not just an opportunity to give them a computer, a vaccination, or even a roof to live under; the Human Needs Project is an opportunity to give hardworking, intelligent, and beautiful people in Kenya an opportunity to transform their own lives, permanently, for the better." Dan Prull"I've been able to work on a variety of sustainable development projects throughout my career; from designing renewable microgrids on exclusive private islands to planning large-scale geothermal power. To me, Human Needs Project provides a platform to adapt these same green technologies for use anywhere in the world. HNP shows that Kibera deserves to prosper from this green technology as much, if not more, than we do in the US.” Daniel Kammen The formation of the board of HNP, seeing the concrete community center plans, and the complex back and forth with the Government of Kenya all made the realities of the project and the realities of the process clear to us all. We clearly have much to do, but under the exceptionally energetic guidance of Connie, I can certainly see a working community center in my mind even before it is launched.What is most exciting to me is to see how the HNP community center model could scale. The need for not only clean and safe water, energy, and training is vital, but so is the organizational model of community-owned, externally-partnered infrastructure for basic human needs. I am particularly sensitive to the need to replicate the model when I work in rural Kenya, such as in the community described in my National Geographic blog:http://www.greatenergychallengeblog.com/blog/2011/02/03/ecosystem-services-human-and-ecological-health/We need to bottle and spread Connie's energy!

122. Ken Kao "HNP inspires us to collaborate and innovate, to offer ckean sanitation and energy, and to provide access to health and education. By creating a prototypes of green, local, appropriate technology pods, we aim to construct safe micro community hubs of enterprises. We are motivated to support means for local self improvements. We hope to ignite the spark of revitalization, to strategically sustain continually improving quality of life and well being for the community." David Warner The Human Needs Project represents the gift of giving back and helping others. The goal of providing fresh water, renewable energy, sanitation and community services to the second largest urban slum in the world is a small contribution to a complex problem. Being a part of HNP allows me to be a part of something bigger than myself. One of my most memorable moments was standing in Kibera at the same spot that Senator Obama stood speaking to the community about hope and a better future for all and I am honored to be a part of that effort to create social change. Jonathan Kaplan As an entrepreneur and business builder, I'm thrilled to be helping HNP bring basic human needs and fundamental business services to the entrepreneurial communities of Kibera. I'm also very proud to be associated with such a great group of people who have dedicated much of their lives to guaranteeing a better life for those around them. The on-the-ground team at HNP are world class and their gentle and thoughtful integration with the local communities in Kibera will be extremely efficient and effective.Connie's passionate and enthusiastic leadership combined with the dedication of David Warner and his team has made working with this group truly rewarding. Connie Nielsen" I shot Lost in Africa in Nairobi in April 2010. The film is a story about an adopted child who comes to Africa to reconnect with his heritage, but who gets lost and ends up in the slum of Kibera, one of over two hundred slums in Nairobi. I wanted to do the film because it was the first script that I had read where the poorest people on the planet actually achieve humanity and personality, even as it highlights the extreme deprivations of people living in Kibera. I spent my days off walking around Kibera and getting to know the place and some of the people who live and work there. I found it extraordinary to see a place so completely devoid of any semblance of public infrastructure, - in the middle of one of the greatest cities in Africa. As I walked around this sloping square mile of mud lanes, mud houses and piles upon piles of garbage and the unmistakable smell of human excreta, it struck me that I was looking at a prison with three hundred thousand inmates. There were some of the same conditions as in prisons: scarcity of goods, extreme over-crowding, violence and an almost total absence of choice. The residents had no way out of their misery. There was no 'motor' or compelling source of energy which could grant the people here any escape from the confined lives they were living. The desperately poor spend all their time surviving: education becomes an unaffordable luxury. But what they really spent a great time and money on, turned out to be the task of getting water. My friend and guide, William Ogutu, stressed the problem to me over and over, - there was little to no water, and the water there was, was expensive and the source of it was not knowable. A Kiberan pays eight times more for his water, than the middle class in Nairobi a mile down the road need pay for water, which gets piped into their houses. My friend, Yema Khalif returned to Kibera from visiting Denmark following his work on the film. It cast him into a depression. He wrote this in an email: "I experienced a different life in Europe, a life where things are possible if you are smart hence you can make things happen for yourself you know. I mean all my life I have been looking for a breakthrough of creating a different life for myself and family and now i am back in Kibera where so little happens and life is kind of stagnant in a way which makes me to feel so wasted at times. I know I am good at the things I do because I always give it my all. To tell you the truth I am the first son in my family and I got 6 siblings who look up to me so I have to step up to the challenge. So I must succeed in life and that's why I will go visit [with my friend in the UK] to see what I can make of myself. I have always wanted to pursue a life in London or the US, but am still searching for that opportunity." (CONT.)

123. CONNIE NIELSEN (CONT.) I promised William that I would build a well and we went looking for a spot. When we agreed that a particular patch of high lying ground would work perfectly, he went and checked with the Elder's Council to see if it was available and if we could have it for a well. Then I returned to San Francisco, and started to plan a well. But I couldn't stop thinking of the implication on people's lives of living without any sort of infrastructure at all; - I felt water was only the mere beginning of alleviating some of the stresses they were having to deal with. What about toilets and showers - things I simply could not imagine living in a city and not have access to. One thing was lack of basic services in rural areas, where there is space and if there were clean waterways it could somewhat compare to camping in nature (which I do but very reluctantly). Another was to live every day of your life, in the big city, without the dignity of being able to relieve yourself in a sanitary fashion and to maintain simple hygienic standards. Once I started looking, the numbers for disease and child mortality in Kibera sprung out at me and cemented a resolve to do more than boring a hole in the ground and fastening a hand pump on top. To pump enough for showers I would need real power, -another mostly absent amenity in Kibera. I decided solar panels would make the most sense in this part of Africa, with a back-up plan for the rainy months. I wondered about the prison thing, the words in Yema's mail - "stagnant", "wasted", "creating a life for myself". I felt I needed to set up some sort of program, which could do something about that. I had now accumulated several aspects to add to the Well I wanted build: Water, showers, toilets, - adult education?At home I was preparing to build a new house, and at a planning meeting with our Contractor and our Architect around our kitchen table, I realized that I was looking at someone who had exactly the kind of knowledge I did not have: How to build, - anything. David Warner is the CEO of Redhorse Contractors, and he has built some of the most progressive and extraordinary houses in Northern California. He is an expert in incorporating clean technology and as we were looking to go practically off-grid in our new house, - he was the obvious choice to help build our house. I looked into his kind face, so capable of enthusiasm and joy in his work. And I asked him, seemingly out of the blue, - would you build a well in Africa with me? And with no hesitation at all - he said, - Yes. I now look back, almost a year later, and think to myself, - what a great instinct that was. Through David, I met Daniel Kammen, of UC at Berkeley and the World Bank, and Ken Kao of Harvard and Kao Design, now our Chief Technical Specialist and Chief Designer, respectively. I invited Jim Kammen of the Bay Area Council, and he in turn brought in his team of former students from UC Davis, Andy Barkett and Sonny Aulakh, who with present graduate students created our Economic Team. Then Jonathan Kaplan and Marci Glazer joined in, the Tomkowicz Family and their Waterhope foundation, Dan Prull, John and Jonathan Todd, Norman Hantzsche, Julie Rene, Joan Soekotjo, Joyce Oneko, John O'Connor, Yema Khalif, William Ogutu and all our friends in Kibera, all met up, and made HNP what it is today. HNP now has over 40 collaborators in the US and Kenya. HNP is fully funded and is awaiting permits to start building an extraordinary, Clean Energy, full-service, Center in Kibera. Experts in Clean Technology, Design and Architechture, Education, Business and Economics have rounded out the vision of the HNP Concept and are working, - all for absolutely free -, to help Kibera get a motor going, some sort of compelling source of energy, which may help break down the barriers of their poverty, and perhaps, set them free."

124. PARTNERS & COLLABORATIONS