Reinventing Money BFI Challenge 2015

SUBJECT: Buckminster Fuller Institute's 2015 Challenge October 8th, 2015
SAW Concepts LLC's entry (Simple Wins Concepts)
BACKGROUND: Buckminster Fuller called for a design revolution to “to make the world work for
100% of humanity, in the shortest possible time, through spontaneous cooperation, without
ecological offense or the disadvantage of anyone.”
Economists have stated that the current economic system is mathematically certain to fail. It is
certain that a method and system of mediation between the current economic system and
emerging alternatives will be required. Economic sovereignty / autonomy can be achieved
through use of a NEW MODEL that makes the old unsustainable model obsolete. The TERRA
Trade Reference Currency, Bitcoin, e.g., Stellium, Ethereum, Bit Halo and Battlefield
Digitization commercialized (Heart Beacon Cycle) maintain distributed ledgers / documents.
Globalization involves multi-national corporate entities vying for control of regional resources. It
follows that a proven strategy to identify, track, and manage resources regionally and within the
global economic matrix would be advantageous. Military techniques for individuals to join
groups i.e., autonomous trade organizations operating over wide areas using distributed system
of system command, control, logistics and geo-spatial, temporal and intelligence reporting
techniques is useful in making intelligent decisions. Equitable metrics and meters of geo-spatial
temporal intensity changes of goods and services described in a shared procedural template using
universally recognized simple memes will facilitate federated trade arbitrage.
Equitable Economic Ecosystem of Systems: Bitcoin as programmable money
The word pyramid means "Fire of God in the Mind" LINK:

Thomas Edison proposed a commodity basket index currency circa 1921. Henry Ford
collaborated on this concept. Now, there is Bitcoin programmable money and the internet's
heartbeat, heartbeat messages. All things internet are formed by code formed by time cycles used
/ not used to process, parse {"syntax"}. Therefore, time cycles and a Rosetta Stone syntax
lexicon library are the two main building blocks to reshape our world, Governance 2.0.
Edison - Ford Commodity Money
William Trufant Foster
Proceedings of the Academy of Political Science in the City of New York
Vol. 10, No. 2, The Money Problem (Jan., 1923), pp. 57-75
Published by: Academy of Political Science
DOI: 10.2307/1172124 LINK
http://www.researchgate.net/publication/227407385_Thomas_Edison's_Monetary_Option
In 1922, Thomas Edison publicly introduced his latest invention – a new type of money, a commodity-
backed currency that he believed was the long-term solution to America’s monetary woes. “I want to cast
the variable out of money. This gold money is not good enough. It’s a fiction.” he boldly proclaimed.
According to Edison: “...the relative value of the earth’s produce appears to be constant, a money unit
representing basic commodities and nothing else would be equally constant, that...and further, sinc e the
relative value of the earth’s produce is constant there is no reason why the farmer should not finance
himself, as the gold miner does simply by turning his output into money directly.” (New York Times, 1922).
Proposals prior to and after Edison’s concept involved a composite” commodity currency in which the
monetary unit is backed by a fixed ratio of different commodities
Economist Milton Friedman, in one of his final interviews, suggested that monetary policy
should be run by a computer. Since the future is uncertain, any interest rate mechanism will
make wrong decisions. But humans add another flaw. Monetary policy requires managing
expectations of future inflation and interest rates. Policymakers must be able to communicate
effectively. The problem is not policymakers' views but rather that few can understand what
those views actually are. Friedman's k-percent rule is the proposal that the money supply should
be increased by a constant percentage rate every year, irrespective of business cycles.
Paper: A Polynomial-time Nash Equilibrium Algorithm for Repeated Games: Littman, Stone
With the increasing reliance on game theory as a foundation for auctions and electronic
commerce, efficient algorithms for computing equilibria in multiplayer general-sum
games are of great theoretical and practical interest. Finding a Nash equilibrium for an
average-payoff repeated bi-matrix game presents a polynomial-time algorithm. Finite-state
equilibrium strategies can be found efficiently and expressed succinctly.
Firefly - Heartbeat algorithm by the universities of Bologna Italy and Hungary: "Heartbeat
Synchronization strives to have nodes in a distributed system generate periodic local “heartbeat”
events approximately at the same time. It differs from classical clock sync in that Nodes are not
interested in counting cycles and agreeing on the ID of the current clock cycle. There is no
requirement regarding the length of a cycle with respect to real time as long as the length is
bounded and all nodes agree on it eventually" -- the closest heartbeat cycle
Federated Trade Arbitrage will be transacted using a variety of systems, networks, products, and
disparate vendor solutions. A common signaling / telemetry procedural template framework

using a common syntax lexicon library will facilitate global trade arbitrage across the global
matrix. Regarding Bitcoin, the First Nations as a Trade Federation could provide a consistent
regulatory environment attractive to Bitcoin accepting corporations and potential trade partners.
Battlefield Digitization best practice provides procedural templates describing as guides, the
when, where, how and how often systemically among a systems of systems promoting synergy,
synchronicity. The rise of a new internet is based on Bitcoin / Next Generation Networking NDN
technologies dovetailing in semantic web's <text_tags> repositary (s) serving as the Next
generation internet's shared, common lexicon -- the new economic age's Rosetta Stone.
Napoleon's archaeological research team found this stone after the Battle of Waterloo
The rise of a new internet is based on Bitcoin, Next Generation Networking NDN technologies
dovetailing in semantic web's eXtensible Markup Language XML <tags> repository (s) serving
as the Next generation internet's shared, common lexicon -- the new economic age's Rosetta
Stone. Napoleon's archeological research team found this stone after the Battle of Waterloo
What is your solution or strategy? Provide a 50-word summary of your initiative.
Synergy among: TERRA Trade Reference Currency, Ethereum Distributed Autonomous
Organizations digital value register, and Battlefield Digitization DARPA research maintaining
globally distributed data/ information i.e., ledgers. Derive procedural template guides describing
when, where, how, how often sync delta state meta data snapshot refresh rates systemically
among a distributed systems of systems e.g.. ledgers for global collateral accounts, distributed
autonomous organization ledgers.
What is the context? (200 words) Describe the critical need(s) or specific systemic
problem(s) your initiative seeks to address on the local and/or global levels.
Establishing a unified, global economic ecosystem necessarily involves a strategy to promote
synergy, synchronicity used collectively and synergistically improving systemic, globally
distributed sustainable programs. This proposal advocates using two best of breed economic,
financial concepts / products The TERRA TRA and Ethereum as building blocks with military
network centric warfare research to derive uniform signaling, telemetry techniques supporting
the other two components. Many uses of Battlefield Digitization's intrinsic cyclic signaling,
telemetry procedure used by NATO for a decade to synchronize operations are possible. For
example; ledger definition: financial record book, page with columns for debits and credits to
record financial records transactions as debits and credits. Battlefield Digitization involves
cyclic, reliable, predicable signaling, telemetry, broadcast, replication systemic sync delta state
meta data snapshot replication among systems of systems, network of networks i.e.., Distributed
Autonomous Organization's ledgers. State meta data snapshots or cyclic gathering of heartbeat
timed state meta-data tagged by <Organizational Identifiers>, <Org_ID> , <Uniform Resource
Names> <URN> are aggregated for display on appliqué overlay / Dymaxion map views:
showing situational awareness graphic display views. This concept reuses procedures derived
from Battlefield Digitization best practice to reliably, synchronously update distributed
autonomous organization's ledgers from micro to macro-economic cycles.

What/Where/How? (200 words) Provide a detailed explanation of your initiative.
What is it? Where is it based? How does it work? What is it?
FOCUS STATEMENT: The DoD / NATO's most widely used situation awareness system
should be used as a procedural template guide describing common procedures and shared
components / building blocks to achieve consensus among diverse groups using diverse
technologies. Since the Heart Beacon Cycle is a document -- a template, technology
(ETHEREUM / RTI DDS, CITRIX etc.,) completes it by providing transport, signaling,
telemetry among widely distributed, autonomous trade federation groups.
Leveraging common denominators (building blocks) among:
- TERRA TRC Trade Reference Currency
- Bitcoin cryptographic currency / digital Distributed Autonomous Organization's ledgers
- Defense Advance Project Administration DARPA's Battlefield Digitization / Network Centric
Warfare system of system's best practice procedural templates as guides to detailed treatises
The store and forward transfer of values e.g., commodities, internet domains i.e.., Google dot
com shares valuated at x, Microsoft shares valued at y.. Battlefield Digitization was developed to
resolve data synchronization challenges intrinsic to low speed / high speed tactical / strategic,
macro to micro cycle signaling and telemetry where orders, plans, spreadsheets -- ledgers in this
example need cyclic updates at reliable intervals occurring during operational phases. Battlefield
Digitization best practice provides procedural templates describing as guides, the when, where,
how and how often systemically among a systems of systems promoting synergy.
Where is it based? Globally Distributed Autonomous Organizations -- everywhere
How does it work? System of systems is a collection of task-oriented or dedicated systems that
pool their resources and capabilities together to create a new, more complex system which offers
more functionality and performance than simply the sum of the constituent systems. US and
NATO forces have been practicing systems of systems engineering for several decades.
Impact (200 words) Who or what is impacted directly and indirectly by your initiative? Explain
in detail how you measure and calculate impact.
Re-use of battlefield digitization / network centric operations research / best practice
commercially for the greater good potentially harnesses 55 + corporations belonging the
Network Centric Operations Industry Consortium NCOIC that will eventually achieve consensus
providing the opportunity to take advantage of many game changers in Cloud Computing, Big
Data, Network Forensics, Data Analytics and perhaps most importantly, provide the signaling
and telemetry and mediation between current unsustainable economic models / currencies issued
as debt and emerging alternatives such as Bitcoin, NameCoin, Ripple, Ethereum linked to the
Trade Reference Currency TERRA's commodity baskets as value stores described by global
distributed ledgers, collateral accounts. Simply stated this is a swords to plowshare's project.

Certain economists state that fiat based currency strategies are mathematically certain to fail as
national, world debt exceeds stakeholder's ability to pay more than the principle's interest.
Currency based on more than gold (commodity basket of 12 plus items) used as non-debt based
tool's calculated impact is best addressed by TERRA TRC authors. Ethereum's impact is offering
customizable mechanisms for updating Distributed Autonomous Organization's DAO value
index ledgers. Battlefield Digitization best practice reused as a swords to plowshare initiative's
value? Value on economic autonomy, sovereignty? priceless.
Long-Term Effect (200 words) What long-term systemic effects do you anticipate
when your initiative is fully implemented?
Establishing a telemetry support framework among distributed sustainable projects will increase
the effectiveness of each of the individual systems through synergistic mutual support and intra-
system interaction where the whole is greater than the sum of the parts. For example, providing a
procedural template describing the cyclic, iterative signaling, telemetry among national
economies will benefit the gestalt global economy. Providing a synchronization, mediation
gateway between legacy macro-economic systems and micro-revenue, micro-currency based
systems supporting autonomous, self reliant communities will help transition from current debt
based currency systems to transacting value exchanges between like and similar systems that
follow the same iterative, cyclic reporting procedures from micro-cycles to macro economic
cycles representing different commodities with valuations stored in distributed database ledger
systems / collateral accounts referenced, cross - calibrated e.g.., gold, silver, copper, corn, wheat,
water. Information technology domains e.g., Google, Microsoft dot com, Amazon dot com
domains values is determined by taking stock exchange snapshots. The Internet of Everything
IeT Value Index is established using Terra world currency commodities value registry when
cyclically metered / measured of space / time relationships between supplier consumer i.e.,
closer, farther to point of use = < / > value adjusted each cyclical snapshot update.
History and Vision (200 words) What inspired your solution and how has the initiative evolved
from inception to its current stage of development? How does your initiative creatively and
comprehensively integrate the key social, cultural, economic, ecological, and technological
factors required to transform “business as usual” in your chosen area of impact?
What inspired your solution? The Network Centric Interoperability Coalition formed for a
reason. Eventually, this consortium will achieve consensus and provide commercial solutions.
The DoD in resolving battlefield digitization problems need to time tag state meta data snapshots
by Organizational Identifier <Org_ID> and Uniform Resource Name <URN> prior to data
fusion centers. Currently, the DoD only applies this procedure for a fraction of it's entire
portfolio. To solve complex challenges, this percentage must change. This logic and basic truth
in engineer applies to challenges applicable to the entire planet's systems of systems, network of
networks. The TERRA Trade Reference Currency makes sense to me and ETHEREUM with it's
intrinsic programming language and vision to establish Distributed Autonomous Organizations
DAO's exchanging value on almost anything appears to be a Bitcoin variation with potential.
How does your initiative creatively and comprehensively integrate the key social, cultural,
economic, ecological, and technological factors requiring to transform "business as usual" in

your chosen area of impact? Data does not know what type of area of impact that it is describing.
Therefore, all of the afore cited areas of impact will benefit from a universally portable meme.
Planning and Operations (200 words) Outline your implementation plan.
The project is based on reuse of DARPA system of systems best practice. The pacing system on
which a procedural template is based is well known, shown on History, Discovery Channel
named "Blue Force Tracker / Joint Blue Force Situational Awareness JBFSA and more recently,
Joint Battle Command or JBC. This system is known as the Communications - Electronics
Command's "Greatest Invention" as improved and enhanced with novel metric, meter memes
describing geo-spatial temporal intensity describing for example, ecological disasters and project
impacts displayed of for example, Dymaxion map overlay views -- appliqué overlays in military
speak. Synchronous update of state meta data snapshots in a operational procedural framework
enhanced with novel metrics and metering interoperability and standardization methods is
extremely flexible, powerful and adaptable across disparate use cases in many areas
What operational milestones do you intend to achieve in the next one to three years?
1) Enter the BFI challenge to increase awareness of the TERRA, Ethereum and the potential
synergy with DARPA Battlefield Digitization's cyclic updates of distributed ledgers.
2) Use the BFI challenge as a vehicle to encourage formation of a implementation team.
3) The Commodity Futures Trading Commission, is expected to rule whether Bitcoin is a traded
commodity, like gold or interest rates. This proposal anticipates providing signaling, telemetry
support using a concept of mediation gateways relaying changes of values among many
commodities among a disparate network of commodity types in a systems of economic systems.
This concept is also applicable to ecosystem programs, political campaign crowd funding etc.
What are the biggest risk factors or potential barriers facing the development and
deployment of your initiative and how do you plan to mitigate them?
The only risk is to not act. Mitigation is through strength in numbers / federation. Systems of
systems engineering although several decades old is not perfected yet is viable given US and
North Atlantic Treaty Organization NATO forces have been practicing this for decades. As
solutions such as Ethereum -- currently in start up funding begin implementation, lessons learned
will improve the process. The pacing system on which this proposal is based was based on
TCP/IP multicast and more recently uses Research Triangle Institute's messaging middleware.
RTI recently was selected by President Obama to lead efforts to increase the USA's employment.
How has your initiative been funded to date and how do you plan to ensure its financial
viability?
The project seeks funding hence this contest entry. Cloud sourcing / funding is facilitated by the
nature of battlefield digitization. As organizations join a trade federation, they contribute.

Resolving the Bitcoin community's main challenge / criticism is potentially a source to fund this
initiative i.e., Miller / Buffet on #Bitcoin = no value because Bitcoins are infinitely create-able.
Linking Bitcoin technology to the TERRA TRC using Ethereum or RIPPLE is inevitable.
Compare and Contrast (200 words)
Compare and contrast your initiative with at least two other current projects or groups working to
address the same critical need.
Buckminster Fuller's Synergetics is the empirical study of systems in transformation, with an
emphasis on total system behavior unpredicted by the behavior of any isolated components,
including humanity's role as both participant and observer. Synergetics can be made actionable
applying DoD's systems of systems research and best practices i.e., system state signaling /
telemetry state meta data sync delta changes from micro to macro cycles systems monitoring of
events, alerts, and (leader) behavior of (networked) components including humanity's role in
terms of leaders decisions where behavior translates to changes to supporting network of
networks. Updates to system status / state are propagated, news-casted, beacon broadcasted
across a system of systems refreshing participant, observer views / appliqué overlays. Benefits of
Synergetics will be optimized when systems of systems best practice procedure, common
building blocks and templates are used in support of synergetic projects i.e., signaling / telemetry
sync delta updates in a reliable predictable schedule for global economic, eco etc. systems.
Why is your proposal more likely to effect change and make a distinguishing impact compared
to similar efforts?
Leverage the vision of Richard Buckminster Fuller's vision of Synergetics -- not globally
achievable anytime soon without leverage DARPA's system of systems best practice in my
opinion with the TERRA TRC, ETHEREUM as lead by federated indiginous groups and the
prospect of changing the world is optimized in this applicant's opinion. This contest proposal
juxtapositions TERRA / ETHEREUM / Battlefield Digitization's common thread of updating
distributed document, databases, documents or in this case value index ledgers with economic
system micro-economic to macro-economic cycles monitored among nations displaying changes,
synchronization deltas sync deltas to appliqué overlay displays i.e.., Dymaxion map views.
The Team (200 words): See National Center for American Indian Enterprise Development
NCAIED: http://www.scribd.com/doc/193585689/NCAIED-Heart-Beacon-Cycle
Provide details regarding your current team and any plans to expand it in the future. You may
include details about organizational/institutional partners committed to the success of your
initiative and describe your team members’ experience and qualifications as they relate to their
ability to implement your initiative. If applicable, include information about any significant
external validation, support, or funding your initiative has received to date.
Transition the development and implementation of the Heart Beacon Concept to the leadership /
stewardship of indigenous people of the Americas, African continents with Native American
Indians as prime and African as deputy program managers who will lead a global, systemic range

of sustainable projects. Great Deer / Buffalo correspond to the Program / Deputy Program
Management roles given images drawn from Reiki sessions. Form the Heart Beacon team
through crowd sourcing, crowd funding that Battlefield Digitization intrinsically supports given
military organizations always operate as organizations -- not individuals as a rule. Affiliate
(federate -- a cloud computing term) and graduate. Federated identities within a group retain
their autonomy, ability to act on their own behalf Organization Identifiers (<ORG ID>s)
represents a business, non-profit corporation, or government entity in the ARIN database and
entities may have more than one <Org_ID> for contingency planning. More than one
<ORG_ID> enables business contingency plans for different scenarios, leaders.
Visionary – put forth an original idea or synthesize existing ideas into a new strategy that
creatively addresses a critical need
The TERRA Trade Reference Currency described in 1991 by a Belgian economist involving a
basket of commodities and demiurge parking fee charges to account for store and forward of
commodities, goods and services is obviously not yet adopted by the world. Ethereum is in start
up funding phase and more bitcoin, complementary currency variations appear constantly. Use of
proven systems of systems research to synchronize disparate domain sustainable projects in
concert with other world class solutions such as big data Hadoop is inevitable. This contest entry,
win or lose is intended to raise awareness that business as usual is a choice as is change.
Comprehensive – apply a whole-systems approach to the design and implementation process and
aim to address multiple goals, requirements and conditions in a holistic way
If there is a more comprehensive approach than system of systems, this applicant is unaware.
Anticipatory – factor in critical future trends and needs as well as the projected impacts of
implementation in the short and long term
Economists have stated that fiat, debt based systems eventually crash.
Ecologically Responsible – enhance the ability of natural systems to regenerate: The difference
between ecology data and economic data is in the text <tags>. The systems of systems cyclic,
iterative procedure is always the same and has been so since Napoleon.
Feasible – rely on current technology, existing resources and a solid team capable of
implementing the project
The applicant's concept -- deemed a patentable idea by the United States Patent and Trade Mark
Office by way of the USPTO's Transco Vs Performance ruling main embodiment is a non-
networked little league baseball tournament. The focus of this idea is procedures -- not
technology ultimately. Human couriers, carrier pigeons, semaphore signaling flags as in the time
of Napoleon fit the need although in current times, many technologies are relevant. Which
technologies are best suited depends on the use case and the opinion of individuals and groups.
Verifiable – able to demonstrate authentic claims backed by empirical data

The TERRA Trade Reference Currency will either be adopted by the world or it will not.
Empirical data will not exist until such time as the world has decided to change. A futuristic
vision by definition of the future does not have empirical data or it would be an existing, known,
non-visionary solution. Ethereum is in the venture capital phase. Operational data will not be
available for some time. Network Centric Warfare / operations / systems of systems research has
decades of US / NATO data as evidenced by the existence of the Network Centric Operations
Industry Consortium's fifty five plus members. Since the world has not yet chosen to leverage
the benefits of for example, the TERRA TRC, ETHEREUM, and NCO / NCW, no data exists.
Replicable – able to be adapted to similar conditions elsewhere: The nature of systems of
systems engineering intrinsically involves data, procedure and building block iteratively reused
to adapt to constantly changing conditions given situational awareness.
FIGURE 1: PROCESS IS KEY
The Heart Beacon Cycle is a procedural template derived from military battlefield digitization /
net centric warfare / operational best practice used by US and NATO forces for several decades.
The method patent filed by Simple Wins Concepts LLC that is in publication stage's main

embodiment was written in a non-networked simplistic meme because the process has value in a
non-networked environment -- for example, Napoleon's use of couriers carrier pigeons and
semaphore flags. Follow on embodiments add to the procedural template networking and
supporting technologies to make the processes and procedures current and relevant today.
Military forces have for centuries done one thing very well -- form individuals into groups and
organizations organized and synchronized in time and space (geo-spatially) to achieve goals.
Organizations tend to be geographically dispersed and tend to use many different technologies to
achieve their goals. The Heart Beacon Cycle provides a minimum list of common building
blocks, procedures and processes that individuals agree to use within organizations they join
e.g.., autonomous trade federations. Individuals and organizations may affiliate and de-affiliate
as they choose or as logistics or other external factors drive the situation. Cyclic reporting of
events, alerts, and milestones during micro-cycles to macro-cycles is key.
The Heart Beacon Cycle is a procedural template framework that includes citations of required
standards, processes, shared components / building blocks and conventions that are agreed upon
as criteria required as a minimum to join a federation (cloud computing term). Individual entries
to the procedural template checklist -- a clipboard of things needed, to do items. Items are entries

that link to detailed treatises. The procedural template used as a model template framework was
/ is the United States Army / Marine Corps Joint Battle Command JBC also known as Joint Blue
Force Situation Awareness and it's interaction with many other intelligence, logistics, maneuver
etc. systems participating in a system of systems. The military has always done one thing very
well -- form individuals into groups working towards accomplishing missions.
The method patent filed by SAW Concepts LLC in 2012 was an improvement to the military
template framework adding novel metrics and meters to determine price indexes among
distributed organizations trading a myriad of commodities, goods and (time) services. More
recently, Bitcoin's various coin types, schemes and valuation strategies have been added since
the metrics and meters were designed to be universal and applicable to almost any commodity or
situation. Fungibility or 1 to 1 conversion measurements and metrics are useful as is a common
syntax lexicon library to describe commodities using <tags> or {"tags"} or Field Unit Identifiers
in Forms or military FFIRNS / FUDNS Field Unit Designators. Procedure and logic is useful in
forming vectors indicating geo-spatial temporal intensity or time, distance directions etc. The
military has spent decades developing a brevity list comparable to stock market Market Identifier
Codes MICs. Why reinvent the wheel in establishing a trade Rosetta Stone?
Micro-revenue, micro-currencies for example TIME currency changes during micro-cycles
orchestrated (aggregated, recalculated, converted, mediated) with macro-currencies in macro-
economic cycles i.e., the Terra that is correlated with up to 12 commodities by mediation /
conversion / recalculation gateways processing sync delta heartbeat updates. Micro /
complimentary [time] currencies are mediated, correlated, and converted according to relative
value at a specific time stamp and geo-location stochastically harmonized across time zones
where proximity = costs less. This practice will be useful in establishing a universal meme for
vectors of goods and services describing unused resources with unmet needs.
Microservices is a software architecture design pattern, in which complex applications are
composed of small, independent processes communicating with each other using language-
agnostic APIs.[1] These services are small, highly decoupled and focus on doing a small task.
Orchestration of micro-services among distributed clouds, IeT microgrids, Big Data lakes etc
would be improved by providing a reliable, consistent, time sync service propagating for
example, state meta data heartbeat message changes, beacon broadcasted, newscasted among
participating (trade) federations. Wikipedia Microservices. Wikipedia Microservices
Micro-revenue, micro-currencies for example TIME currency changes during micro-cycles
orchestrated (aggregated, recalculated, converted, mediated) with macro-currencies in macro-
economic cycles i.e., the Terra that is correlated with up to 12 commodities by mediation /
conversion / recalculation gateways processing sync delta heartbeat updates. Micro /
complimentary [time] currencies are mediated, correlated, and converted according to relative
value at a specific time stamp and geo-location stochastically harmonized across time zones
where proximity = costs less. This practice will be useful in establishing a universal meme for
vectors of goods and services describing unused resources with unmet needs.

FIGURE 2: MICRO-MACRO SERVICES
Micro to Macro cycles: Equitable metrics and meters of geo-spatial temporal intensity changes
of goods and services in a globally recognized meme will facilitate federated trade arbitrage.
Agile, ad-hoc group joins, merges, drops in lieu of formal mergers and acquisitions by use of
<ORG_ID> where an organization may have more than one <ORG_ID> representing business
continuitity and contingency plans. Resources will be processed by precedence and filtered by
<Uniform_Resource_Name> URN by <class> <status> i.e. scarce, rare etc improving resource
management via geo-spatial temporal intensity, velocity, tempo of creation / use shown by
universally understood water drop in pond, Paul Revere's ride memes.

FIGURE 3: TRADENET – a Future Economy built on the Bitcoin Blockchain
Mike Hearn, a U.K.-based Bitcoin developer who used to work at Google and now gives talks
imagining a future economy driven by something called the TradeNet — a kind of giant
automated marketplace, a crypto-secure mashup of Yelp, Craigslist, Uber, and eBay. The key
to implementing a Tradenet System is the blockchain—a distributed method of tracking and
transferring assets online without need of a trusted third party (such as a bank). Today, there is
only one blockchain-based system widely used - Bitcoin itself. Backchannel LINK
Bitcoin and the blockchain function as a medium of exchange, a store of value, a unit of account.
Bitcoin adds digital, cryptographic, distributed server functions to currencies. Because it
functions simultaneously as a currency, an asset and a platform, Bitcoin is better described as a
global cryptoCAP (currency, asset, platform) -- a synergistic form of "crypto-capital" to unleash
the full economic power of the networked age. Bitcoin makes money programmable. “MONEY
IS SIMPLY DATA” - a simple way to measure and keep track of exchanges in value and wealth
accumulation. Bitcoin aggregates data in a distributed global ledger accessible to anyone, and
software. It is the first open platform for financial services. Color coins represent stocks, bonds,
currencies, properties. Source: Wired Magazine Reid Hoffman Why the blockchain matters
#Bitcoin code could power an alternate internet TradeNet built on the Bitcoin blockchain. Key is
building a code syntax library – a common, shared internet Rosetta Stone http://lnkd.in/bgaJUnZ

Figure 4: MV = PQ
In economics, the equation of exchange: where, for a given period,
is the total nominal amount of money in circulation on average in an economy.
is the velocity of money, that is the average frequency with which a unit of money is spent.
is the price level.
is an index of real expenditures (on newly produced goods and services).
The most important equation in monetary economics, the equation of exchange: MV=PQ. The
quantity of money (M) times the rate spent (V for velocity) equals the price of everything bought
(P) times the amount bought (Q for quantity). This simple equation is true by definition of any
monetary system at all times, so it’s a good tool to figure out what happens when variables
change. In bitcoin, M is on a predetermined path, converging to 21m bitcoins. So in terms of the
other variables, it’s basically fixed. That leaves V, P, and Q to fluctuate. Use of state meta data
snapshots in a cyclical, reliable method identifying data by organization and by Uniform
Resource Name and geo-spatial temporal location prior to data fusion will improve Bitcoin and
other economic systems helping to form a eco-economic system of systems re-using Network
Centric Warfare / Operation's best practice refined over decades.

Figure 5: FULCRUM: TERRA / ETHEREUM / NCW: http://sawconcepts.com/id52.html
FULCRUM: TERRA / ETHEREUM / Battlefield Digitization: Building Blocks. All three
building blocks involve sync delta refresh of a ledger across a distributed system of systems.
This supports a global sustainable economic ecosystem. Terra commodities should be described
by <Uniform_Resource_Name> <URN> that should be tracked during micro-cycles and
threshold differences updated in decision support applications during macro-cycles
corresponding to micro-economic / macro-economic reporting cycles. Differences in value
should be processed by mediation, federation gateways then shared across zones / domains. The
TERRA Trade Reference Currency: complementary, privately issued, demurrage-charged,
backed by inflation-resistant, standardized basket of the dozen most important commodities,
services and operates in parallel with national currencies. Terra The Trade Reference Currency,
TRC "world currency". Proposed by Belgian economist and expert on monetary systems Bernard
A. Lietaer in 2001, based on a similar proposal from the 1930s. The currency is meant to be
based on a basket of the 9-12 most important commodities (according to their importance in
world wide trade). Terra = reference unit defined as standardized basket of key internationally
traded commodities & services. Macro to micro reporting is key to establishing a value index for
the Internet of Everything IeT through use of reliable time stamping by <Org_ID>, <URN>. The
Commodity Futures Trading Commission is expected to rule whether Bitcoin is a traded
COMMODITY, like gold or interest rates. A strategy to assign external value is needed.

The TERRA Trade Reference Currency, Ethereum, and Battlefield Digitization reuse (Heart
Beacon Cycle) all involve maintaining globally distributed ledgers. Battlefield Digitization best
practice provides procedural templates describing as guides, the when, where, how and how
often systemically among a systems of systems promoting synergy, synchronicity.
Thomas Edison’s Quixotic Plan for a New Monetary Policy article: During the sharp recession of
1921- 1922, Thomas Edison turned from making innovative consumer products to reinventing
the U.S. monetary system. Edison searched for new ways to stabilize the dollar, the value of
which had fluctuated widely during World War I and its aftermath. His goal was to “cast the
variable out of money.” Distrusting bankers -- the “money brokers,” he called them -- and a
monetary policy based solely on gold, Edison called for a system that used a variety of other
commodities as backing for the nation’s paper money supply.
EDISON’S PLAN His plan called for the federal government to build warehouses across the
country where farmers could bring their wheat, corn, sugar, cotton and other crops and
commodities and receive an immediate cash payment of 50 percent of each item’s average price
over the past 25 years. The farmer would also receive standardized, marketable certificates
indicating ownership of specific quantities of the crop. For example, if the average price of
wheat was $1 per bushel, and the farmer brought 1,000 bushels to the warehouse, he would
receive $500 and 10 ownership certificates for “100 Bushels of Wheat.” The government would
store the crops for as long as a year for a nominal fee. The farmer could sell the certificates or
use them to redeem the wheat. To redeem 100 bushels from a warehouse would require paying
$500 and surrendering the ownership certificate. The ownership certificates would fluctuate in
value depending on spot prices, but the farmer could sell them at any time short of one year and
cash out. With 36 commodities backing money, in addition to gold, farmers would no longer
have to dump their crops on the market at harvest time. They would have a price floor they knew
with certainty, and they could try to gain from rising prices by holding ownership certificates.
To test the soundness of his ideas, Edison sent an involved questionnaire to 17 economists and
businessmen. The list included O.M.W. Sprague of Harvard University, Edwin Kemmerer of
Princeton University, and William P.G. Harding, the chairman of the Federal Reserve. The
questionnaire didn’t present Edison’s plan formally; he asked questions about various elements
of it, so the respondents had to intuit the overarching scheme. But some responded at great
length. They weren’t sanguine about the gold standard, in the main, but they were even less so

about Edison’s plan. They thought it was costly, impractical, subject to political manipulation,
inflationary and generally inferior to the existing monetary system. Edison thought that they
were “in a rut” and couldn’t see beyond the glitter of gold.
Unintentionally, the questionnaire went “viral.” Farm newspapers, playing on the populist
sentiments of their readership, touted the idea of “Ford-Edison” money. The news brought the
investor Bernard Baruch to Edison’s door. Edison also had meetings with Irving Fisher of Yale
University and corresponded extensively with Roger Babson, a technical market analyst. Despite
mild encouragement from all three, and enthusiasm from farmers across the country, Edison
made little headway with Congress or Secretary of Commerce Herbert Hoover, whom he had
been lobbying behind the scenes. In July 1922, the New York Times, and its financial writer
Garet Garrett, gave Edison’s plan wide exposure and analysis. Garrett was respectful, but no
more supportive than the research team. In a letter to the newspaper, Edison said that Garrett,
“although an extremely able man, has not got my scheme entirely right in his mind.”
Edison soon returned to running his entertainment empire. Although chastened by the
experience, he still claimed that in 30 years his scheme would be in place and gold would be a
relic of the past as a backing for paper money. He was right about gold: Just a decade later,
President Franklin D. Roosevelt removed it from monetary circulation. And though Edison’s
monetary scheme was never seriously considered, well-known economists including John
Maynard Keynes, Friedrich Hayek and John Nash have suggested some form of commodity-
backed money over the years. Today, with the Federal Reserve buying a wide variety of assets to
prop up the balance sheets of private financial companies, perhaps Edison’s proposal doesn’t
look that outlandish. (David L. Hammes is a professor of economics at the University of Hawaii
at Hilo and the author of “Harvesting Gold: Thomas Edison’s Experiment to Re-Invent
American Money.” The opinions expressed are his own.)
Thomas Edison’s Commodity Reserve
Monetary Plan proposed in 1921

FIGURE 6: ETHERUEM TOKEN SYSTEM
Token Systems: On-blockchain token systems have many applications ranging from sub-
currencies representing assets such as USD or gold to company stocks, individual tokens
representing smart property, secure unforgeable coupons, and even token systems with no ties to
conventional value at all, used as point systems for incentivization. The key point to understand
is that all a currency, or token system, fundamentally is is a database with one operation: subtract
X units from A and give X units to B, with the proviso that (i) X had at least X units before the
transaction and (2) the transaction is approved by A. All that it takes to implement a token
system is to implement this logic into a contract. This is essentially a literal implementation of
the "banking system" state transition function described further above in this document. A few
extra lines of code need to be added to provide for the initial step of distributing the currency
units in the first place and a few other edge cases, and ideally a function would be added to let
other contracts query for the balance of an address. But that's all there is to it. Theoretically,
Ethereum-based token systems acting as sub-currencies can potentially include another important
feature that on-chain Bitcoin-based meta-currencies lack: the ability to pay transaction fees
directly in that currency. The way this would be implemented is that the contract would maintain
an ether balance with which it would refund ether used to pay fees to the sender, and it would
refill this balance by collecting the internal currency units that it takes in fees and reselling them
in a constant running auction. Users would thus need to "activate" their accounts with ether, but
once the ether is there it would be reusable because the contract would refund it each time.

FIGURE 7: ETHEREUM ACCOUNTS
In Ethereum, the state is made up of objects called "accounts", with each account having a 20-
byte address and state transitions being direct transfers of value and information between
accounts. An Ethereum account contains four fields:
- The nonce, a counter used to make sure each transaction can only be processed once
- The account's current ether balance
- The account's contract code, if present
- The account's storage (empty by default)
"Ether" is the main internal crypto-fuel of Ethereum, and is used to pay transaction fees There
are two types of accounts: externally owned accounts, controlled by private keys, and contract
accounts, controlled by their contract code. An externally owned account has no code, and one
can send messages from an externally owned account by creating and signing a transaction; in a
contract account, every time the contract account receives a message its code activates, allowing
it to read and write to internal storage and send other messages or create contracts in turn.

FIGURE 8: ETHEREUM CONTRACTS / STATE TRANSITION FUNCTION
The Ethereum state transition function, APPLY(S,TX) -> S' can be defined as follows:
- Check if the transaction is well-formed (ie. has the right number of values), the signature is
valid, and the nonce matches the nonce in the sender's account. If not, return an error.
- Calculate the transaction fee as STARTGAS * GASPRICE, and determine the sending address
from the signature. Subtract the fee from the sender's account balance and increment the sender's
nonce. If there is not enough balance to spend, return an error.
- Initialize GAS = STARTGAS, and take off a certain quantity of gas per byte to pay for the
bytes in the transaction.
- Transfer the transaction value from the sender's account to the receiving account. If the
receiving account does not yet exist, create it. If the receiving account is a contract, run the
contract's code either to completion or until the execution runs out of gas.
If the value transfer failed because the sender did not have enough money, or the code execution
ran out of gas, revert all state changes except the payment of the fees, and add the fees to the
miner's account. Otherwise, refund the fees for all remaining gas to the sender, and send the fees
paid for gas consumed to the miner.

FIGURE 9: ETHEREUM DISTRIBUTED AUTONOMOUS ORANIZATIONS DAO
Distributed Autonomous Organization DAO: a virtual entity that has a certain set of members or
shareholders which, perhaps with a 67% majority, have the right to spend the entity's funds and
modify its code. The members would collectively decide on how the organization should allocate
its funds. Methods for allocating a DAO's funds could range from bounties, salaries to even more
exotic mechanisms such as an internal currency to reward work. This essentially replicates the
legal trappings of a traditional company or nonprofit but using only cryptographic blockchain
technology for enforcement. So far much of the talk around DAOs has been around the
"capitalist" model of a "decentralized autonomous corporation" (DAC) with dividend-receiving
shareholders and tradable shares; an alternative, perhaps described as a "decentralized
autonomous community", would have all members have an equal share in the decision making
and require 67% of existing members to agree to add or remove a member. The requirement that
one person can only have one membership would then need to be enforced collectively by the
group. A general outline for how to code a DAO is as follows. The simplest design is simply a
piece of self-modifying code that changes if two thirds of members agree on a change. Although
code is theoretically immutable, one can easily get around this and have de-facto mutability by
having chunks of the code in separate contracts, and having the address of which contracts to call
stored in the modifiable storage. In a simple implementation of such a DAO contract, there
would be three transaction types, distinguished by the data provided in the transaction.

Figure 10: Distributed Autonomous Organizations and Equity
The New Frontier after Cryptocurrency: Cryptoequity by Susanne Tarkowski Tempelhof :
You may have come across the word Cryptoequity before - it has been written about in mainstream media,
from the Wall Street Journal, to The Economist. However, few understand what cryptoequity really mean,
the different forms and purposes of it, and how it’s likely to evolve in the financial and legal landscape
around the world. Hence, here’s a brief introduction to the concept - some food for thought for people curious
about this embryonic and exciting industry. In almost all jurisdictions, incorporating companies tends to be a
tedious bureaucratic process. Afterwards, once the incorporation is done, you’ll be subject to both taxes and
regulations which will limit your ability to successfullygrow your company. Instead, imagine for a second if
you could start a company without all of that burdensome government interference? Well, thanks to the
blockchain technology – i.e. its function as a cryptographically secured, distributed public ledger - that’s now
possible. Essentially you start a “coin,” let’s call it mycryptocompany.com - and then you decide how many
individual coins you want - 100,1000, 10 Million etc. Through registering a smart contract on the blockchain
you then attach an equity stake of whatever commercial activity mycryptocompany.com intends to do -
whether it’s building apps or selling cupcakes. Each individual “coin” then entitles the owner equal amount
of equity percentage in the company. The “coins” - or rather equity shares - can then be used to raise funds
through equity crowd funding, and it can be traded on like stocks on a stock market through exchanges.
DAOs and DACs: Arguably, Bitcoin could be described as the first so called Distributed
Autonomous Organization (DAO), if one looks at it as primarily a payment system, rather than a

currency - everybody who holds Bitcoin effectively becomes a shareholder in the payment
system, and ‘the shares’ are then used as a currency. Now a host of different organizations offer
services to “incorporate” on the blockchain, through creating a coin, everything from Colored
Coins, to Counterparty, BitShares, NXT, Noir Group, Swarm, Mastercoin and Agora.
The expression Decentralised Autonomous Corporations (DACs) was first coined by the US
based company Invictus Innovation in 2013. Decentralized means that’s it’s spread out over it’s
users on the Blockchain and Autonomous is the ambition that the user base eventually will take
over and run it (like Bitcoin, for instance).
It then evolved into quite the acronym soup, starting with Decentralized Autonomous
Organizations: (DAOs) created by Ethereum in 2014* - essentially the same as a DAC, but the
word organization leaves more room for different types of entities. That prompted the creation of
yet one acronym: Decentralised Organisations (DOs): Same as DAOs, but without the
autonomous part. Needless to say, not all organizations can or should be run by its user base.
DAPPs: For instance, if you have a cupcake bakery in your basement, incorporating it as DO
would be the rational decision. A further evolution of the now rather standard DAO acronym is
Decentralized Applications: (DAPPs) - also sometime called appcoins. DACs and DAPPs are
essentially the same thing, although DAPPs are a more narrow definition since it specifically
refers to tech applications, which are currently the most common form of DAOs.
DAPPs may successfully avoid the regulatory system, since it’s designed to not require a
physical location, and can therefore be both anonymous and distributed. However the largest
adaption of DAOs/ DOs is likely to happen in the developing world - where the shadow
economy, the so called System D - an economy of $10 trillion - is the most significant in size.
Imagine for instance a fruit seller in Indonesia: currently the fruit vendor operates outside the
law. He isn’t incorporated, and doesn’t pay taxes - which is caused by a combination of overly
complicated bureaucratic processes and the inability of the government to enforce regulations.
However, the fact that the fruit vendor isn’t incorporated also makes it more difficult for him to
raise capital to expand, since he can’t offer much guarantees to investors. He does not have a
registered entity, and he can’t sell equity. A DO solves this problem for him - it’s quick to
register, nearly free, cryptographically secure and user-friendly. And besides, the prospects of
legal repercussions are close to none.
Prospects of cryptoequity: In developed markets, specifically US, the cryptoequity sphere is
likely to quickly gain the attention of regulators, as it attracts investment and media buzz. Hence,
the regulatory environment is likely to make it harder for DAO’s / DOs operating in the Western
hemisphere as opposed to developing countries. Over time however, the economic
competitiveness of DAO’s/ DO’s may push western government to adopt a looser regulation
regarding cryptoequity to stay competitive. It’s also a possibility that some emerging markets,
governments, or economic free zones, will come to use this method to incorporate companies, as
it’s more secure, cheaper and more time efficient than keeping paper records.

Figure 11: TERRA TRC / ETHEREUM / BATTLEFIELD DIGITIZATION SYNERGY - FUSION
Within the Bitcoin community, some of the criticism raised against cryptoequity is that it will
simply create more altcoins, which according to many is bad for the Bitcoin infrastructure
because it detracts attention from Bitcoin itself. This view seems slightly misguided since equity
shares do not compete with currencies; that would be like claiming that Microsoft stocks
compete with the US Dollar.
Further criticism raised against crypto equity consist of the usage of the word ‘incorporation’ --
critics mean creating a DAO/ DO shouldn’t be called ‘incorporation’ since its very different from
incorporating in a government backed jurisdiction. In a government backed jurisdiction, you as
the creator of the entity may enjoy limited liability, and the investors are protected by enforced
regulations. But while that is certainly true, it’s a question of personal preference. Crypto equity
is, as the saying goes, high risk and (potentially) high rewards.
SOURCE: http://cointelegraph.com/authors/susanne_tarkowski_tempelhof

FIGURE 12: FEDCOIN RISING: THE IRS AND BITCOIN
The IRS treats Bitcoin that is ‘mined’ differently than Bitcoin that is ‘bought’ For the IRS,
buying Bitcoin has a completely different classification than Bitcoin after it is mined. For those
who buy it, virtual currency is not treated as cash; it is treated as property. Because it’s treated
as property, and not as currency, it means owners have to track the price of it from when they
buy it until when it is sold or used. Because there is no set price for the digital currency, as it
trades on numerous exchanges, investors may break down purchases by location acquired.
The Heart Beacon Cycle patent in publication stage, has both land / property survey techniques
in Telco mesh fabrics AND currency valuations across time / space embodiment's -- essential to
sorting out Bitcoin New Economic Eco-system of systems with the old paradigm.The U.S.
government will treat Bitcoin as property for tax purposes, applying rules it uses to govern stocks
and barter transactions, the Internal Revenue Service said in its first substantive ruling on the
issue. The IRS, faced with a choice of treating Bitcoins like currency or property, chose property.
The IRS ruling means Bitcoin investors will be treated like stock investors. Bitcoins held for
more than a year and then sold would face the lower tax rates applicable to capital gains -- a
maximum of 23.8 percent compared with the 43.4 percent top rate on property sold within a year
of purchase. Source: Bloomberg article: http://bloom.bg/19Jzap8

CNN Money has put Bitcoin under the category of stocks. It simply means that the digital
currency is not associated with any government, but is simply an investment vehicle. According
to the International Standards Organization (ISO), if an asset holding value is not backed by a
nation, then it starts with an “X”. For instance: Gold is internationally denoted as XAU. The term
“XBT” for Bitcoin comes from the same ISO. Time to change the X to B using Thomas Edison et
all's commodity indexing concept. See all TERRA Trade Reference Currency proposed by a Belgian
economist 70 years after Thomas Edison http://terratrc.org
Source: Article CNN Money Introduces Bitcoin Ticker XBT Bitcoin News Service NEWSBTC
The Internal Revenue Service I..R.S has deemed that owning Bitcoin is akin to owning property,
a land use metaphor describing Bitcoin holdings as land holdings may be applied . Recording
and reporting the acquisition of Bitcoin as land necessitates consistent, stochastically harmonized
time stamps and tracking of who, where, when the transactions occurred across time zones
The reality of stock exchanges given High Frequency Flash Trading is that a small number of
traders possess huge amounts of cash, high percentages of share ownership and high bandwidth
to volume trade at extreme rates that drive the markets and in many cases acts as a barrier to
entities as large as sovereign countries whose resources are miniscule in comparison to “whales”
A cyclic, iterative process that samples and identifies state meta data by organization and type of
resource / type of commodity will enhance filtering, aggregation, summation and many types of
processing improvements. Doing so before data entry into data fusion centers is essential for a
live situation awareness / understanding common picture shared across Distributed Autonomous
Organizations or Corporations DAO / DACS.
Military network centric warfare techniques help form Distributed Autonomous Organizations
and maintain them by cyclic, iterative micro to macro tracking of participants within groups and
the groups themselves for required thresholds of resources needed to maintain group status as
well as tracking events and alerts sent to and from the groups relative for example to crowd
funding / crowd sourcing activities. Groups may merge with or drop from trade federations as the
situation dictates – sometimes groups within federations cooperate and compete. This process
can be used in lieu of formal mergers.

FIGURE 13: Blockchain: Blueprint for a New Economy
Institute for Blockchain Studies: the blockchain is essentially a public ledger with potential as a
worldwide, decentralized record for the registration, inventory, and transfer of all assets—not
just finances, but property and intangible assets such as votes, software, health data, and ideas.
‘Blockchain: Blueprint for a New Economy’, is a book that considers theoretical, philosophical,
and societal impact of digital currencies and blockchain technologies. It takes one beyond the
currency and smart contracts to show how the blockchain is in position to become the fifth
ground breaking computing paradigm after mainframes, PCs, the Internet, and mobile/social
networking. Melanie Swan discusses concepts, features, and functionality of Bitcoin and the
blockchain, using the blockchain for automated tracking of all digital areas, creating a
decentralized digital repository to verify identity.
The blockchain has the potential of being a worldwide, decentralized record for the registration,
inventory, and transfer of all assets: finances, property, intangible assets such as votes, software,
health data, and ideas. The book comprises such topics as creating cheaper, more efficient
services traditionally provided by nations, making better use of the data-mining network. The
book includes how blockchain technologies could be used to monitor public health, crowdfund
projects, provide community supercomputing, upload personal mind-files, and even birth
artificial intelligences.

Network Economies: Economic System as a Configurable Parameter https://lnkd.in/bFMwAyp
Examples of decentralized p2p network concepts have been Tor, Napster, the Internet itself, and
also now Bitcoin, cryptocurrencies, and blockchain technology. One way to implement the direct
model is through micropayments, where users click on icons to allocate pre-specified amounts of
Bitcoin or token to take community actions. The central issue in decentralized p2p content
systems to be prototyped and tested is user willingness to micropay for content operations.
Economic System as a Configurable Parameter
Datt.co is engaged in developing a software platform for decentralized content hosting
communities. Conceptually, this could be like a standalone decentralized reddit. The software
platform could also be deployed by existing centralized content communities (like Stack
Exchange and Stack Overflow) as an offered parameter at the launch of new communities.
Community participants or facilitators could choose the economic model for their community,
either 1) advertising-supported (the centralized indirect model), or 2) peer-supported (the
decentralized direct model). Other web properties could experiment with this platform to test
both kinds of economic models, for example offering private-labeled decentralized versions of
Instagram, Twitter, etc. Already-existing blockchain-based decentralized versions of social
networking properties like Twister, Gems, Reveal, and BitCloud could further extend their
functionality with the decentralized content-hosting platform.
VERITASEUM / VERITAS / ULTRACOIN

FIGURE 14: THE HEART BEACON CYCLE'S CAPSTONE BLOCK: VERITASEUM
The Financial Nostradamus's patent pending Veritaseum / Veritas involves "tagged Bitcoins" as
does Blockstream that rides Project Lightning’s time hashed sync delta updates to address
Bticoin scalability issues that dovetails with Emmet's patent pending time cycle /. Syntax sync
delta system of systems strategy with {“asset_tags, classes”} http://veritaseum.com/index.php/
Everyone and their third cousin has a Bitcoin now. Only one involves "tagged Bitcoins" and is a
patent application. Veritaseum's Ultracoin helps prepare Smart Contracts. The Heart Beacon
Cycle provides a cyclic, iterative procedure that improves consistency and reliable of novel geo-
spatial temporal metrics and meters among a systems of systems that the Ultracoin thick client
will draw state meta data displayed to chart views -- appliqué overlays in Heart Beacon Cycle
speak. A smart contract may involve purchase of a widget from a retail store where the widget
must be delivered to person or organization B on TIME X and in Y condition (state). The Heart
Beacon Cycle involves monitoring and cyclic, iterative update of state among a systems of
systems sending only the sync deltas or changes since last data snapshot to preserve bandwidth.
It involves OPTEMPO or operational tempo as part of a schedule where too slow updates may
mean "stale" or not "fresh" data (Named Data Networking NDN concept). Too fast or too
frequent updates may be distracting and may involve saturating the supporting network or in
Bitcoin's case, sending everything to everyone may impact the scalability of Bitcoin's blockchain
-- see Project Lightning that involves the process of sending only the sync deltas like the HBC.

Simple, universally understood memes for metrics and meters are essential to providing
consistent Smart Contract Service Level Agreements among a diverse system of systems.
FIGURE 15: Algorithm Regulated Economics / FEDCOIN - WORLDCOIN
#Bitcoin FEDCOIN / WORLDCOIN: index of currencies, commodities, stocks, .com domain values
expanding Thomas Edison's 1921 vision using Bitcoin as programmable money forming indexes
World Coin is a statistical mean commodity / currency price index derived from firefly algorithm
/ closest heartbeat. BITCOIN's variations on the theme, fork splits, different coin counts, proof of
work Vs proof of stake, coins pegged to precious metals, other coins pegged to an currency index
of 22 +/1 other currencies (VEN) and a future coin pegged to a commodity basket index poses a
challenge to Bitcoin's fungibility or 1 to 1 conversion among coins. Keep in mind that all things
internet are formed by time cycles used / not used to process syntax as instructions. See SAW
Concept's slide using a novel firefly inspired algorithm combined with the closest heartbeat
cycle. See also SAW Concept's LLC's internet survey techniques -- triangulation etc. in context
with the Internal Revenue Service IRS interpretation of Bitcoin as property. See Welcome to
Bitcoin Island article and use meme / metaphor figure 18. See also BOOK: Price Indexes in
Time and Space LINK http://www.springer.com/us/book/9783790821390 See also: Firefly
Algorithm University of Bologna and Hungary Firefly inspired
http://sawconcepts.com/index/id22.html

FIGURE 16: BITCOIN FUNGIBILITY MULTIMETER
Quote from @DCCCertified @InsideBitcoins "Build mental models that help people wrap their
heads around Bitcoin w/o having to understand it". A baseball diamond is a square, is a block. A
block is formed using age (time) or vectors (time / direction / velocity) or voting (tournament
league board) Proof of stake Wikipedia article: http://bit.ly/1CqYyYx
The Heart Beacon Cycle patent application 13,573,002 is described using a baseball league
tournament. As such, it's immune to recent USPTO, Supreme Court ruling limiting software
process patents. A land use meme and internet survey techniques to define geo-spatial temporal
areas in time – space will be helpful in determining the percentage of a coin bought or sold and
who, where, when, how much, of a Bitcoin was transacted in context with I.R.S memo 1421. The
Internal Revenue Service memo on Bitcoin deems it property when purchased by a client.
NIST’s prototype cyber beacon random number generator time stamp hash protects against non-
repudiation when the transaction is settled at some point in the future similar to a relative check-
lock time stamp hash proposed by Greg Maxwell and Blockstream using Ethereum, and Project
Lightning. Project Lighting addresses blockchain lack of scalability with a sync delta strategy.
See SAW Concept's slide using a novel firefly inspired algorithm combined with the closest
heartbeat cycle. See also SAW Concept's LLC's internet survey techniques -- triangulation etc.
in context with the IRS interpretation of Bitcoin as property. Reference: Patent application #
13,573,002 The Heart Beacon Cycle Time - Space Meter: LINK

FIGURE 17: Bitcoin Regulation Framework / Bitcoin enhancement tool
Article: Internet architecture layers principle: a conceptual framework for regulating Bitcoin
Bitcoin is the first decentralised, peer-to-peer network that allows for the proof and transfer of
ownership of virtual currencies without the need for a trusted third party. It has created a
platform for tremendous financial innovation, but at the same time the role of traditional
regulatable financial intermediaries is bypassed. The purpose of this article is to address the
important policy question of how we can capture Bitcoin’s potential benefits for the economy
while addressing new regulatory challenges. To do so, we first conceptualize the Bitcoin
ecosystem through a layered internet architecture model. Second, we apply the layers principle
of internet governance to identify control points and guidelines for regulation that respect the
integrity of the layers. Third, the need for governments to adopt an adaptive and novel regulatory
approach to ensure that society benefits from Bitcoin’s revolutionary potential.
This work forms a baseline for further understanding of the governance of Bitcoin and the
various actors within the ecosystem based on the layers principle of internet architecture.
Bitcoin is the first decentralized, peer-to-peer network that allows for the proof and transfer of
ownership of virtual currencies without the need for a trusted third party, bypassing the role of
traditional financial institutions. On the one hand, it provides the foundation for tremendous

financial innovation. On the other hand, governments fear the coming of a world without
regulable financial intermediaries. This addresses the policy dilemma of how we can capture
Bitcoin’s potential benefits for the economy while addressing the challenges to law enforcement.
As the internet and finance starts to shape each other, we have few conceptual anchors to model
the collision of law and policy in the cyber arena with the modes of interactions in the Bitcoin
ecosystem. Inspired by the alignment strategy developed by Choucri and Clark (2012) for
cyberspace and international politics, this article seeks to develop an alignment strategy to
explicate the Bitcoin ecosystem through well-established principles of internet architecture,
drawing important insights on a regulatory approach for Bitcoin.
Bitcoin shares the same qualities of the internet which make the latter the most important
platform for innovation and creativity in modern times. To appreciate the significance of Bitcoin,
it helps to understand the layers architecture of the internet as proposed by Solum and Chung
(2004). The internet is a neutral platform. Anyone can develop network applications with or on
top of TCP/IP, the protocol that makes the internet possible as a network of networks. The
abstraction of an upper 'application layer' is important because no permission is necessary for
anyone to develop applications, and innovation is decentralised and placed in the hands of
individual innovators. Therefore, the real value of Bitcoin lies not so much in its potential to
become a substitute for money, but rather in its ability to act as the internet of money. Since
every Bitcoin transaction is defined by code, money can be programmed to come with
conditions. For instance, money will be released only if a third person agrees, or people will fund
a project only when a threshold is passed. The technology behind Bitcoin allows continuous
micropayments that are impossible with traditional payment systems due to the prohibitive
transaction costs. This makes fine-grained usage-based pricing possible for the first time. Bitcoin
can represent ownership of physical assets. For instance, a car can only be turned on with the
Bitcoin token. It is impossible to predict what kind of applications will emerge, but one thing we
can be certain about is that waves of financial innovation will happen on the Bitcoin platform.
In Solum and Chung (2004), cyberspace is thought of as a modularised, interconnected layered
system consisting of six layers: the physical, link, internet protocol (IP), transport, application,
and content layers. Choucri and Clark (2012) introduce a simplified “four-layered model that
captures the essential features of interest”: the physical layer forms the internet’s physical
foundations; the link, IP and transport layers encapsulate the logical functions of an application;
information is stored and transmitted through programs in the application layer; users make
decisions and carry out actions with information in the content layer.
CONTENT LAYER: The National Science Foundation NSF sponsored Next Generation Internet
proposal now in prototype describes routing by content and was formerly known as Content
Centric Networking CCN. Content <tags> should be routable by <type> and precedence
following Network Centric Warfare's DEFCON / INFOCON five layer model to facilitate
machine to machine Internet of Everything / Everywhere model where closer is of greater
interest and closer is cheaper and faster combined with urgency of need criteria <flash>
LOGICAL LAYER: Early pioneers called miners use software programs that follow a
mathematical formula to produce bitcoins. These technophiles, intrigued by the potential of
cryptographic payments, laid the foundation for innovation where anyone can build on top of the

Bitcoin protocol. Notably, the Bitcoin protocol contains the block chain, a transaction database
shared by all nodes in the system. Based on the block chain, applications can be built on top and
information flows can be reconstructed, as explained in the next section of the article.
IINFORMATION LAYER: Bitcoin exchanges offer services to non-miners to exchange between
bitcoins and conventional currencies. Wallet and escrow services allow individuals to store
bitcoins securely and conveniently. Payment processors provide integration services for
merchants to accept bitcoins from consumers. Traditional financial institutions and incumbent
payment systems may adopt Bitcoin technology to increase efficiency and remain competitive.
USER LAYER: Bitcoin has attracted a wide range of users, from traders and speculators taking
advantage of Bitcoin’s price volatility, individuals sending remittances, to consumers making
real payments. On the other hand, criminals are attracted by Bitcoin’s pseudonymity to engage in
illegal activities such as money laundering, terrorism financing, drug dealing, online gambling.
FIGURE 18: TRADE FEDERATION ON THE BITCOIN BLOCKCHAIN
A book review on the book "Blockchain, Blueprint for a New Economy by S.U.M Startup
Management dot Org cites: “Bitcoin is the instantiation of decentralization as a digital currency,
but decentralization could be instantiated in many ways, such as smart property, delegate
democracy governance services, and community-based credit bureaus. Decentralization concepts

are already underway in government (Rescaling the State) with a focus on the important role of
mayors as non-partisan administrators (If Mayors Ruled the World), and the rise of
metropolitanism (21st Century is the Metropolitan Century and Metropolitan Revolution). These
ideas could be deployed in more detail per several key properties of blockchain technology in
government services, for example its being secure, decentralized, scalable, universal, granular,
auditable, trackable, and transparent.
Source: http://startupmanagement.org/2015/02/11/book-review-blockchain-blueprint-for-a-new-
economy/
Source: http://futurememes.blogspot.com/2015/04/blockchain-government.html
Figure 19: Bitcoin land meme: http://sawconcepts.com/id53.html
ARTICLE: Is Bitcoin Going to Change the World? December 18, 2013 by Richard Brown
Have we been looking at Bitcoin through the wrong lens? Forget “currency”; think “internet-scale
asset register”. Make it your new year resolution to understand this insight and you’ll see why
Bitcoin could change the world. As Michael Nielsen explains, the designers of Bitcoin set themselves
an exceedingly difficult problem. They set out to build a system of electronic cash that required no
participant to trust any other. This isaudacious: every other system works on trust: I trust my airline not to
inflate away the value of my frequent flyer miles (at least not too much) and I trust my online bank not to
give my money to somebody else without my permission. The designers of Bitcoin turned this upside

down. They built a system that allows people to send electronic tokens to anybody else in the world
without having to trust anybody else at all and without allowing the tokens to be lost or duplicated and
they did this through an innovative combination of cryptography and economic insight. What they created
is an internet-scale peer-to-peer network where participants have an overwhelming economic incentive to
validate each other’s transactions and to maintain a truthful ledger of every transaction there has ever
been. There is no central “bank”: everything is peer-to-peer and it runs across the public internet. It
sounds insane (“store a copy of every transaction on every computer?!”) but it works surprisingly well.
Chris Dixon of Andreessen Horowitz has called it a profound technological innovation.
What looks like a novel system of digital cash on the surface is actually an internet-scale asset
register. Sure – the assets today are these things we call “Bitcoins” but that doesn’t matter. Think of the
Bitcoin currency as just the first application of something deeper: the Bitcoin platform
ARTCLE: Welcome to Bitcoin Island: Bitcoin is not a protocol of transfer, but a protocol of
ownership. Coins never travel, but simply switch owners. You could argue this is a trivial
observation – "how else could it work?!" – but thinking in terms of ownership and
protocols for transfer of ownership is a surprisingly helpful way to think about how the
system works. That’s because the 'protocol of ownership' insight means there is a whole
other world of history, tradition and precedent to learn from: land. Observations:
 In the end-state the quantity of bitcoin will be fixed, just like land
 Bitcoin is not perfectly fungible and neither is land
 Bitcoin is not 'consumed' through use – just transformed and transferred.
This is similar to land and dissimilar to many commodities, which are
consumed (or at least degraded) through use
See IDMaps /Sonar Hops slide. Combine the use of these tools with the Heart Beacon Cycle's
time / space metric, meter meme to provide a consistent method and means to describe changes
in area over time to describe Bitcoin allocation? Welcome to Bitcoin Island!
http://insights-on-business.com/banking/is-bitcoin-going-to-change-the-world/
Lighthouse: Crowdfunding / Kickstarter Platform Built On Top Of Bitcoin:
http://techcrunch.com/2014/05/23/lighthouse-is-a-crowdfunding-platform-built-on-top-of-bitcoin/

FIGURE 20: BITCOIN's 6 ISSUES
The Bitcoin community has six issues: Volatility, Inconsistent Memes for taxation, fungibility, Identity, lack
of intrinsic value and block chain scalability. The Heart Beacon Cycle addresses all six issues
systemically. Trade Federations involve widely dispersed members using divergent technologies. What
must not be divergent is a valuation of goods, (time) based services, commodities and currencies that
require consistent metrics, meters and methods to determine geo-spatial temporal time increments such
as duration intensity, frequency and methods to establish stochastic harmonization of value samples
taken during micro economic cycles for aggregation into macro - economic reports across time zones --
STAAS - space / time as a service with a mediation gateway to determine change or sync deltas that are
beacon broadcasted among a system of system's and sub-systems.
Article: Could the Bitcoin Lightning Network Solve Block chain Scalability? LINK: "hashed time-lock
contracts between users, in the block chain, if only two participants care about a transaction, it’s not
necessary for all other nodes in the bitcoin network to know about that transaction. It is instead preferable
to only have the bare minimum of information on the block chain. It is desirable for two individuals to net
out their relationship at a later date, rather than detailing every transaction on the block chain. This can be
achieved by using time locks as a component to global consensus. As a result, Bitcoin can scale to
billions of transactions per day with the computational power available today on a modern desktop
computer. Transaction between users occurs during a micro-cycle, then reconciled at a pre-arranged
macro-cycle, with a NIST Cyber Beacon random # time stamp for non-repudiation given reconciliation will
occur at a later data in time.
Link: http://coindesk.com/could-the-bitcoin-lightning-network-solve-blockchain-scalability/

IDENTITY: Organizational unit from Wikipedia, In computing, an organizational unit (OU) provides a way
of classifying objects located in directories, or names in a digital certificate hierarchy, typically used either
to differentiate between objects with the same name (John Doe in OU "marketing" versus John Doe in OU
"customer service"), or to parcel out authority to create and manage objects (for example: to give rights
for user-creation to local technicians instead of having to manage all accounts from a single central
group). Organizational units most commonly appear in X.500 directories, X.509 certificates, Lightweight
Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) directories, active directory (AD), and Lotus Notes directories and
certificate trees, but they may feature in almost any modern directory or digital certificate container
grouping system. In most systems, organizational units appear within a top-level organization grouping or
organization certificate, called a domain. In many systems one OU can also exist within another OU.
When OUs are nested, as one OU contains another OU, this creates a relationship where the contained
OU is called the child and the container is called the parent. Thus, OUs are used to create a hierarchy of
containers within a domain. Only OUs within the same domain can have relationships. OUs of the same
name in different domains are independent.
Inconsistent memes raises 2 issues: regulatory i.e., taxation given the USA's Internal Revenue Service's
stance of Bitcoin as property -- see land use meme, and fungibility among coin types - need consistent
metrics and meters to establish a statistical mean value for a FEDCOIN for example. Fungibility is the
property of a good or a commodity whose individual units are capable of mutual substitution. That is, it is
the property of essences or goods which are "capable of being substituted in place of one another."[1] For
example, since one ounce of gold is equivalent to any other ounce of gold, gold is fungible. Other fungible
commodities include sweet crude oil, company shares, bonds, precious metals, and currencies.
Fungibility refers only to the equivalence of each unit of a commodity with other units of the same
commodity. Fungibility does not relate to the exchange of one commodity for another different commodity.
Thomas Edison’s Quixotic Plan for a New Monetary Policy article: During the recession of
1921- 1922, Thomas Edison turned to reinventing the U.S. monetary system. He searched for
ways to stabilize the dollar, the value of which had fluctuated widely during World War I and its
aftermath. His goal was to “cast the variable out of money.” Distrusting bankers -- the “money
brokers,” he called them -- and a monetary policy based solely on gold, Edison called for a
system that used a variety of other commodities as backing for the nation’s paper money
supply.
PROJECT STELLAR: Stellar is public infrastructure for money. Supported by a non-profit,
Stellar brings the world together by increasing interoperability between diverse financial systems
and currencies. The new platform is a decentralized gateway for digital currency to fiat currency
transfers,. Like Ripple and bitcoin, Stellar will act as a public transaction authenticator and
feature its own in-house digital currency called ‘stellar’. Stellar will act as a bridge between fiat
and digital currencies – a key requirement if the latter are to be adopted by mainstream users.
Stellar details. Stellar acts as a transaction gateway between fiat and digital currencies. Stellar
Consensus Protocol: Stellar servers communicate and sync with each other to ensure that
transactions are valid and get applied successfully to the global ledger every two to five seconds.
This entire process of coming to consensus on the Stellar network occurs approximately every 2-
5 seconds. Stellar Gateways are simply entities that people trust to hold their deposits and issue
credits into the Stellar network for those deposits. They act as a bridge between different
currencies and the Stellar network. All money transactions in the Stellar network (except the
native digital currency of Stellars) occur in the form of credit issued by gateways. Stellar
Gateways do three simple things:
- Take deposit and issue the corresponding credit to your wallet address on the Stellar ledger.
- Make a withdrawal by bringing them credit they issued.

- Act as a Trust gateway to honor deposits and withdrawals of credit it has issued.
The Stellar ledger is able to store offers that people have made to buy or sell currencies. Offers
are public commitments to exchange one type of credit for another at a pre-determined rate. The
ledger becomes a global marketplace for offers. All these offers form what is called an
orderbook. There is an orderbook for each currency/issuer pair. To exchange Virgin Bank/EUR
for bitstamp/BTC you look at that particular order book in the ledger to see what people are
buying and selling it for. This allows people to not only buy and sell currencies in a foreign
exchange like manner but also to convert currencies seamlessly during transactions.
Stellar allows you to send any currency you hold to anyone else in a different currency through
the built-in distributed exchange. People can receive any currency through a gateway they added.
For example, Amy wants to send Bob euros, using her USD balance. Stellar automatically
submits an offer to the distributed exchange selling USD for EUR. The network finds the best
exchange rate for the transaction. Here’s a few possible ways the transaction can happen:
Conversion through an offer: Stellar finds an offer on the internal USD/EUR exchange for
someone wanting to buy EUR for USD and automatically makes the exchange between the two
parties. Using Stellars as an intermediary currency: Stellar looks for offers on the network asking
for USD in exchange for Stellars (the native — purely digital — currency). It simultaneously
looks for an offer asking for Stellars in exchange for euros. The network makes those exchanges
and sends Bob the resulting euro credit. Chain of conversions: If there are no explicit relationship
between offers to buy and sell, Stellar tries to find offers from the network that will lead a chain
of conversions from EUR to USD i.e., EUR to AUD, AUD to BTC, BTC to STR, STR to USD

Figure 21: Our Spaceship Earth: http://sawconcepts.com/id8.html
Our Spaceship Earth: Simply stated, the Heart Beacon Cycle is a swords to plowshare's project.
An equitable economic eco-system of systems can be designed into the next generation internet -
- the National Science Foundation Sponsored NDN Named-Data Net in parallel with Ethereum,
CoinPrism, Project Stellar etc., Bitcoin technology supported by procedural template best
practice of the mundane: who, where, how often, how much cyclic snapshots of unused
resources matched with unmet needs situational awareness common picture.
The synchronous, reliable, cyclical update of state meta data snapshots across a systems of
systems, network of networks is extremely flexible, powerful, and adaptable across many use
cases. The Heart Beacon Cycle is re-use of battlefield digitization / network centric operations
research / best practice commercially or for the greater good. In brief, the 55 + corporations
belonging the Network Centric Operations Industry Consortium or NCOIC see http://ncoic..org
will eventually achieve consensus which will involve many game changers in Cloud Computing,
Big Data, Network Forensics, Data Analytics and perhaps most importantly, provide the
signaling and telemetry and mediation between current unsustainable economic models /
currencies issued as debt and emerging alternatives such as Bitcoin / NameCoin and Ethereum
linked to the Trade Reference Currency TERRA's trade diversity using commodity baskets.

The world should examine potential synergy among Bitcoin technology, the TERRA TRC and
Battlefield Digitization. A systems of systems approach is needed to address backwards
compatibility, interoperability and synchronization of systems across space and time zones.
FIGURE 22: INTERNET / BLUE FORCE TRACKER BASICS
The INTERNET fundamentally relies on TCP/IP Unicast and Multicast. Blue Force Tracker, the
United States Army's "Greatest Invention" (co-developed by the US Marine Corps later in time)
relies on a form of multicast IP, Global Positioning System GPS and gathering of unit status
prior to data fusion center insertion. Unit status is derived from sampling state meta data. This
state meta data is collected during internet "heartbeat intervals" by heretofore unused intervals in
time set aside by the original developers of the Internet (Stanford University etc., ) for an
unknown future use. The reserved intervals in time were used by US Army network engineers to
gather state changes describing the status of individuals formed as units / groups -- location, unit
designation or <Org_ID>, resource status by <URN> Uniform Resource Name that are used to
determine mission readiness. Intervals or units in time are referred to metaphorically as
"heartbeat, heartbeats" or "heartbeat-beacons". There are no "motes", "bots", "agents" or
"heartbeats" -- only intervals, cycles, opportunities in time to do or not do (computational) tasks.
Workflow is instructions to cause action / non-action -- instructions carried to platforms, nodes,
devices.. by multi-cast, uni-cast broadcasts -- basically speaking. In other words, achieving
situational awareness, situation understanding among many distributed organizations and

locations is not as complicated as it sounds. Keep in mind that the Army and Marine Corps have
relied on situational awareness across a wide area, distributed network for decades -- since the
late 1990's. If a common procedure and common building blocks used in an iterative, cyclic
process has worked for several decades in harsh conditions with sleep deprived, youthful
soldiers, one would think that this technique would be replicable in commercial domains.
Figure 23: NDN / CCN / Net Centric Warfare - Operations Synergy
Named Data Networking (NDN) (also Content-Centric Networking (CCN), content-based
networking, data-oriented networking or information-centric networking) is a Future Internet
Architecture inspired by years of empirical research into network usage and a growing awareness
of unsolved problems in current internet architectures like (IP). NDN has its roots in an earlier
project, Content-Centric Networking (CCN), The NDN project is investigating
Jacobson’s proposed evolution from today’s host-centric network architecture IP to a data-
centric network architecture (NDN). The belief is that this conceptually simple shift will have
far-reaching implications for how people design, develop, deploy, and use networks and
applications. Content Centric Networking and Net Centric Operations share content centricity.
The INTERNET fundamentally relies on TCP/IP Unicast and Multicast. The proposed, in
prototype testing Named-Data Network sponsored by the National Science Foundation is shifting
IP routing to content / Interest based routing. The Heart Beacon Cycle methodology borrows and

extends state meta data sampling, routing, filtering and aggregation into heartbeat sync delta
messages that contain <text><XML> tags derived from StratML, and Blue Force Tracker's use
of the Organizational Identifier <Org_ID> (actually the American Registry for Internet Number's
ARIN's <Org_ID> and the <URN> Uniform Resource Name for example. Interest will change
from organization and from role to role within organizations. Interest will fade with increasing
distance which can be determined by TCP/IP hop counts as metrics for reachability. Geo-spatial
temporal intensity memes will help determine interest in for example, the number of bidders /
crowd sourced funders within a given geo-spatial temporal zone defined by survey, internet
triangulation techniques -- see the IDMaps / Sonar Hops slide. The Heart Beacon Cycle and
Named Data Network a.k.a. Content Centric Networking, Net Centric Warfare are synergistic.
FIGURE 24: INTERNET ROSETTA STONE
The Next Web TNW: a common syntax library and ability to convert <tags> to YAML indents
to binary XAML, XML, JSON to various other Message Text Formats MTF to enable universal
signalling / telemetry among a system of systems is ESSENTIAL. Decades of research at the
taxpayer's expense into structured messaging will help accelerate the process of organizing
syntax into categories and forming syntax from disparate systems into template libraries. Many
semantic, syntax tags will be reusable. The rules, roles and logic developed by years of research
involving of thousands of subject matter experts solving real world issues is the value to be
extracted from the 300+ message sets. Artifact, message set tables will help form a Rosetta stone

MESSAGE CATALOG: The USMTF message library has over 300 messages to choose from to
facilitate information exchange requirements. MTFs presenting data in a logical, well specified
and unambiguous layout. MTFs are transmission medium neutral. The content of the Message
Catalogue has been developed by military operators over the last 20 years. Messages are
regularly maintained to keep pace with the latest tactics and doctrine. Up to 2008, the standard
was called MIL-STD-6040 and dictated the use of slash delimited textual messages. Since 2008
the standard is called MIL-STD-6040B and USMTFs can either be represented as slash delimited
textual messages or as XML messages, with a clear mapping between the two. The updated rules
are delivered with the XML-MTF schemas. Mapping to commercial uses is an opportunity. Note
that the Field Format Index Reference Number and Field Use Designator Number example uses
columnar indents that could be adapted to YAML. Military brevity codes and stock exchange
codes are similar. security Identifier used in financial markets are: SYMBOL, CUSIP, ISIN,
SEDOL, RIC Code, Security Identifiers
Figure 25: Battlefield Digitization High to Low Bandwidth Challenge
The US Army needed to figure out how to use TCP/IP network router / router subnets to emulate
leader's orders and schemes of maneuver to change the paradigm of broadcasting orders over the
radio and drawing plans on "John Madden" boards / acetate sheets. Not successful at first,
generals at the National Training Center NTC said to the would be battlefield digitizer's "this
digitization isn't working so give me back my porkchop (radio handset) and my (John Madden)

acetate boards". To determine if a squad or platoon was mission capable or where it was
supposed to be and equipped with the requisite resources: food, water, fuel, ammo etc,.. data had
to be sampled and forwarded using a minimum of network resources -- in other words TIME --
time frames or intervals in time set aside for specific purposes.
Figure 26: The Story Behind Battlefield Digitization / Net Enabled Operations NEO
The Internet Protocol was examined closely and it was re-discovered that time interval frame
assignments were left unassigned / available by internet creators (Stanford U etc) to transport
additional state meta data at some future date when a need arose. These heretofore unassigned
time intervals set aside for future use would be used to carry data about the organization -- it's
unit designation or Organizational Identifier <Org_ID>, it's geo-location at specified times (time
- stamp) and it's resources <URN> Uniform Resource Name.
A network ping only provides time increments to carry data describing the ping itself whereas
the heartbeat or heartbeat ping "ack-nack" included time intervals that were up until this time
reserved for future use -- namely the <Org_ID>, <URN> and geo-location time stamp which
provides an opportunity to identify this data -- PRIOR TO inclusion / processing by Data Fusion
Centers -- important to BIG DATA / Data Analytics / Network Forensics etc. The TCP/IP
heartbeat's simplicity, lowest possible network overhead, timely local data heartbeat get - puts
was the solution that the Army was seeking. Retrieving time stamped data from data fusion

centers to form a Common Operating Picture COP after the fact and after data has been sent to
caches, queues, temporary storage or databases over a wide area is problematic. Funding for the
project saved, the rest is history -- necessity being the mother of (US Army Communication
Electronic Command's "greatest") invention :)
Battlefield digitization begat Network Centric Warfare (awards lavished) which begat Network
Enabled Operations NEO -- more awards lavished.. followed by Mission Aware Networking
awards TBL. To receive an award from one of the "three Amigo's" was the pinnacle -- "the
grail". The grail of achieving a Single (Common) Operational Picture SIOP derived, filtered
from a FIOP (Family of Common Operating Pictures) still remains elusive. To obtain the much
vaunted grail -- in my opinion -- can only be achieved by taking the original system FBCB2 /
Blue Force Tracker now called Joint Battle Command JBC as a procedural template to emulate,
replicate among participating systems. The grail to achieve a common situation awareness
picture Single Integrated Operational Picture SIOP. derived from a wide area network among
diverse Dbase, middleware, caching etc., technologies is problematic. Use of a procedural
template derived from the military's most successful situational awareness system, system of
systems in history -- the much heralded Blue Force Tracker is the most likely method to achieve
the "grail". Data is aware whether it's military, stock exchange, currency, commodity, Bitcoin
etc. The internet is what it is. We may not like to admit that TCP/IP unicast -multicast, workflow
logic and filters is much of what everything relies upon. Packets or frames do not exist. There are
only intervals, cycles in time to do / not do tasks.
Network Centric Warfare Award

FIGURE 27: STASS: SPACE-TIME AS A SERVICE
The NDN Named Data Network / Content Centric Networking is the National Science
Foundation sponsored next generation internet project. Named Data Networking's (Interest /
Data) packets are time cycles allocated to search / stateful inspection of time cycles by routers to
determine interest. Bitcoin blocks are time cycles dedicated to cryptographic processing -- at the
end of the day / epoch, all we have is TIME. STAAS -- Space Time as a Service SLIDES
We propose cooperation between projects -- Network Centric Warfare Bitcoin / TERRA TRC to
leverage points of synergy resulting in TNW The Next Web based on STAAS -- Space Time as a
Service SLIDES The Next Generation Internet efforts -- both cliamed by the NSF NDN and
Bitcoin developers combined with signaling, telemetry and syntax filtering and logic derived
from several decades of Network Centric Warfare research can constitute a next generation
economic and governmental equitable eco-system of systems built on the Rosetta Stone common
syntax <tag> libraries as it's cornerstone / common lexicon. Named-Data Networking NDN
formerly known as Content Centric Networking proposes routing based on interest in content
and “fresh” data or data currency based on time stamp refresh rates. Data’s currency is
determined by the amount of time it takes for a sample or snapshot to be taken at a distance and
returned to the requested source. This involves reach ability that in internet terms would be
determined by hop counts from cloud center to cloud center, node to node, peer to peer from
micro-cycle to macro-cycle. Location and currency of data depends on space-time relationships

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