2. Differences Between Respiratory Arrest and
Cardiac Arrest
In both Respiratory Arrest and Cardiac Arrest, the
patient will be unconscious and not be breathing
Respiratory arrest patients still have a beating heart
but Cardiac arrest patients do not.
Respiratory arrest will always lead to cardiac arrest
if nothing is done to treat it
Cardiac Arrest Always Includes Respiratory Arrest
3. Causes of cardiac Arrest and
Respiratory arrest
Electric shock
Heart attack
Severe blood loss
Drug overdose
Hypothermia
Asphyxia
Drowning
Allergic reaction
Severe injuries
4. Signs of cardiac arrest
Unconsciousness
Absence of pulse
Absence of breathing
Absence of the heart beat
Dilated and fixed pupils
A bluish color of skin, lips or nail beds
16. Support the infant’s head with
your hand.
Infant (under 1 year)
Lie the infant face down on your
forearm.
17.
18.
19. Recovery position
Any unconscious casualty should be placed in the
recovery position.
It prevents
- Blocking the throat by the tongue
- Allows liquid to drain from the mouth
- Prevent asphyxia
If casualty with spinal injury need extra support at
the head and neck during turning
20. If you have
Any doubt
about
Breathing
act as it is
Not normal
24. If there is no pulse, the heart has stop. You
have to restart the heart and circulation by
performing chest compression. This Chest
compressions will accompanied by artificial
ventilation.
Chest compression
25. Correct hand position - the middle of the
lower half of the sternum
Push fast - rate – 100-120 compressions per
minute (30 compressions in 15-18 sec)
Push hard - compression depth of at least 2
inches (5 cm)
Allow chest to fully recoil.
Minimize any interruptions.
For effective compressions
26. 30 # 02
26
TRG 3SLAMC
CPR and Artificial Respiration For
adult
28. Give 30 compressions.
CPR FOR Infants (under 1 year)
Give compressions with the patient on a firm surface
Get into position.
• Place the patient on their back.
• Place self beside the patient’s chest
• Locate the lower half of the sternum in the middle of the
sternum.
Place 2 fingers over the lower half of the sternum
Press down on the patient’s chest until it is compressed by about
one-third.
Release the pressure. Pressing down and releasing is1
compression
29.
30. Artificial ventilation
Normal air contains 20% of oxygen and expired
air contains 16% of oxygen. You can use your
expiration, blow into casualties lungs to save the
life.
After assessing the casualties, first of all you
should CALL FOR HELP. Then start the
artificial ventilation.
31. After 30 compressions
Occlude victim’s nose
Keep mouth open
Maintain chin lift
Take a deep breath
Ensure a good mouth-to-
mouth seal
32. Blow steadily (01 sec) into
victim’s mouth
Watch for chest rise
Maintain head tilt & chin lift,
remove mouth
Watch chest fall
Another rescue breath – total
2 rescue breaths
34. If mouth-to-mouth technically difficult
If mouth seriously injured
Rescued from water
Resuscitation carried out by a child
Aesthetic reasons
35. Qualified help arrives and takes over (ALS Team)
The victim shows signs of life
Coughing
Opening of eyes
Speaking
Moving purposefully
Starts breathing normally
You become exhausted
Continue resuscitation until
38. Assess the casualty’s condition
(DR ABC)
Danger Are you or the casualty
in danger?
Response Is the casualty
conscious?
Air way Is the airway open and
clear?
Breathing Is the casualty
breathing?
Circulation Is there a pulse?
39. ACT ON YOUR FINDING
Unconscious, no pulse or breathing • Call for help
• call 119 & 1990
• Start and continue artificial ventilation and chest
compression
Unconscious, no breathing, pulse present • Give 10 artificial ventilation
• Call ambulance
• Continue artificial ventilation
Unconscious, breathing and pulse present • Treat any life threatening injury
• Place the casualty in the recovery position
• Call for help
Conscious, breathing and pulse present • Treat as appropriate
• Get help if necessary
40. Assignment
• Do a presentation on Basic life support for ;
Group 1 An adult
Group 2 A child
Group 3 An infant