1. Socials 9
Jan 5th & 9th

2. Commonwealth
• The English republic, a country run by the people
not a leader.

3. Garrison
• The troops stationed in a fortress or town to
defend it

4. Regicide
• a person who kills or participates in the killing
of a king.

5. Illegitimate son
• child born to parents not lawfully married.

6. 1. Why did people question the Rump
Parliament’s power?
• Parliament had few members and a biased mix of members
that no longer represented the whole of England.
• The Rump parliament had only 60 members from what
used to be nearly 400.
• -Half the members of the long parliament joined the
Royalist cause
• - Then the Pride’s Purge expelled another 143 Presbyterian
members.

7. How did the Rump Parliament deal
with that opposition?
• The Rump Parliaments Roundhead army
attacked anyone, who refused to support the
commonwealth

8. What was the Rump Parliament?
• The parliament that was left behind to serve
as parliament after others had left or been
forced out.

9. 2. How did Oliver Cromwell treat
Catholics in Northern Ireland? Be
specific.
• Cromwell had no sympathy for the Catholics.
He forcibly removed all catholic landowners
from the North or Ireland. Anyone that
resisted was killed. For example he murdered
the entire garrison when the city of Drogheda
resisted his forces.

10. 3. List 4 activities that were outlawed
by Calvinists through “Blue Laws”.
(Pagan ceremonies is not an answer as it refers to all these activities)
• 1. Celebrating Christmas
• 2. Dancing
• 3. Gambling
• 4. Sports
• 5. Theatre

11. 4. Why did Cromwell regard himself as a
failure, even though he had maintained order in
England?
• He had fought and opposed the dictator like powers of the
king only to become a dictator himself. Military officials
named him “military dictator of England” and “Lord
Protector”
• He had fought for a republican country (governed by
parliament) and then marched in to parliament, just as King
Charles had, and drove the parliament members out.
• He took control of the country without any vote or say from
the people.

12. 5. Why did General Monk feel that
parliament had to be restored after
Cromwell’s death?
• He was concerned that a civil war would break
out again.
• Only puritans were pleased with the blue laws.
Everyone else resented the joyless life imposed
on them.
• People were concerned about the lack of
parliament who was suppose to protect their
rights. They were sick of the military dictatorship.

13. 6. Charles resented parliament, so did what
to gain supporters within parliament?
• He influenced who was elected.
He used:
• Persuasion,
• Bribery
• Blackmail

14. 7. Explain the difference between the
“Tories” and the “Whigs”.
• Tories – They were the royal supporters and the beginning
of the first real political party. (The conservative party of
Canada is considered today’s Tories.)
• Whigs – They became the oppositon party to the Tories.
They were against the Catholic Monarchy that had been
restored. (The NDP (New Democratic Party) of Canada is
considered today’s Whigs)
• (The Liberal party is considered the republican party of
Canada)

15. 8. How and Why, were 13 members of
the Rump parliament killed?
• They were considered regicides (King Killers) so they
were punished by being hung, drawn and quartered.
• Hanged – but taken down before they died, then
• Drawn – their entrails (intestines and other organs)
were removed killing them, and then
• Quartered and Displayed – cut into 4 parts which were
then displayed around the country as a warning to
others.

16. 9. What was the test act and why did it
harm Charles Brother?
• Test Act: an act forbidding anyone except
members of the Church of England from
holding political office or entering professions.
• Charles Brother James was a Catholic and
therefore had to give up his job as High
Admiral because of the test act

17. 10. Charles II’s son, James, inherited the
throne, but abdicated it shortly thereafter.
What does abdicate mean?
• Abdicate: to abandon or fail to fulfill an
undertaking

18. 10. Why did he abdicate the throne?
Explain clearly.
• Jamesll was not well liked by parliament or the people of
England. James II was openly catholic, and began giving
high offices to Catholics, disregarding the Test Act and
infuriating parliament.
• He also made it clear that he believed in the Divine Right of
Kings and meant to take away parliaments power.
• Rebellions broke out against James, James had the court of
Assizes execute people who rebelled. So many people
were executed that the court became known as the
“Bloody Assizes”.

19. 10. Continued
• Distressed by the Kings actions and
intentions, parliament invited Jame’s
Protestant Daughter Mary, and her husband
William of Orange to become Queen & King of
England.
• They agreed, and Jame’s supporters began
fleeing the country. Without their support
Jame’s felt vulnerable and left the country
himself, abdicating his throne.

20. 11. What term was used to refer to
the appointment of the new King and
Queen? And why?
• The “Glorious Revolution”, because for the
first time the monarch had been chosen by
parliament and not by hereditary right. Divine
Right had come to an end.