This document discusses the key concepts of object-oriented programming including classes, inheritance, abstraction, encapsulation, and polymorphism. It defines a class as a blueprint that is used to create individual objects that share common properties. Inheritance allows a child class to inherit attributes from a parent class. Abstraction hides background details and shows only relevant information. Encapsulation wraps data and code into a single module. Polymorphism allows functions to have the same name but different signatures or arguments.