2. Do Now: How should the issue of slavery be
addressed within the new territories?
3. The Missouri Compromise 1820
The territory of Missouri’s request for admission
to the Union as a slave state, threatened to
upset the balance between 11 slave states and
11 free states.
To keep the peace and balance between free
and slave, Congress created a 2-part
compromise;
• Allowing Missouri to be slave state
• Admitting Maine as a free state
• It also drew an imaginary line establishing
a boundary between free and slave
4. Henry Clay
• Senator Henry Clay
suggested drawing a
line at the 36º-30' N.
latitude.
• Slavery would be
banned everywhere
north of this line.
5. In 1820, Henry Clay negotiated the
Missouri Compromise
Missouri
became a slave
state
Maine broke from
Massachusetts
& became a free state
Slavery was outlawed in all western
territories above the latitude of
7. • California admitted as a free state
• New Mexico and Utah territory
organized on basis of popular
sovereignty (the people in the states will vote to
decide.)
• Fugitive Slave Act made federal
government responsible for catching &
returning escaped slaves
• Slave trade (but not slavery) abolished
in Washington DC
The Compromise of 1850
8. The Compromise of 1850 solved the sectional
dispute between North & South
California
entered as
a free state
The people of Utah &
New Mexico could
vote
to allow or ban slavery
(popular sovereignty)
A stronger Fugitive Slave
Law was created that
allowed Southerners to
recapture slaves in the North
The slave trade
ended in
Washington
DC
11. Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854)
• The remaining Louisiana territory
was split into 2 territories (Kansas
and Nebraska) and organized on
basis of popular sovereignty
(people decided whether to keep or
abolish slavery in Kansas and Nebraska)
12. Fight in Congress!
• Charles Sumner, a Senator from
Massachusetts attacked the authors of the
Kansas-Nebraska Act, Senators Stephen
Douglas and Andrew Butler in a speech he
delivered in the Senate.
• Sumner also made fun of Butler's speaking
ability, which had been impeded by a recent
stroke…
• Representative Preston Brooks, Butler’s
cousin was infuriated and decided to defend
his cousin by beating Summer with his
walking cane. Summer almost died from the
15. Bleeding Kansas
• Anti-slavery (poor farmers who
couldn’t compete with plantation slave-
owners) and pro-slavery were not able
to come to an agreement…
• “Bleeding Kansas”: the disagreement
turned into a bloody conflict with riots
and murder
16. Free-soilers from
Kansas voted against
slavery
Thousands of pro-slavery
Missouri residents crossed
the border & voted for
slavery
The vote revealed a pro-slavery
victory which led to a violent civil war
in Kansas
This incident became known as
“Bleeding Kansas”
20. Abraham
Lincoln,
Speech
delivered in
1858 in Illinois
“A house divided against
itself cannot stand. I believe
this government cannot
endure, permanently, half
slave and half free. I do not
expect the Union to be
dissolved — I do not expect
the house to fall — but I do
expect it will cease to be
divided. It will become all
one thing or all the other.”
Do you agree with Abraham
Lincoln?
