Lfe repot spring 2017,mymensing

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Introduction:
Live-in-Field Experience:
“LFE bridges the gap between our historical knowledge and the present through an empirical
study of the roots of our culture”.
We the people have a nature to look forward. Every day we are getting detached from our natural
beauty to technological advancement. But we always forget that out true origin lies in the rural
beauty. “So sometimes we have to stop and smell the roses”. Our University “Independent
University, Bangladesh” is the only university that arranges a unique program, “Life infield
Experience (LFE)”. We the young generation are the backbone of the country and we must know
how the great majority of the people live. A large portion of our country is directly and indirectly
related with the villagers. But it is also true that, the life blood of our country (Villagers) is
afflicted with Poverty, Malnutrition, Illiteracy and unconscious about health. LFE-Live-In Field
Experience is one of the distinctive courses offered by IUB to its students. The course is
designed to impress upon young minds the socio-economic realities of the rural Bangladesh as
the majority portion of our population live in the village i.e. in the rural areas. Through this
course, we have an opportunity to get direct encounter with rural people on whom the country
stands. Most of the young generation has little or no idea about gram bangla, after doing this
LFE program, we get to know how the majority of the people live. We should always bear in
mind that the problem we face and observe in the urban areas does not reflect the situation of the
whole country. It is the rural areas which reflect the scenario of the whole country. LFE provides
us the chance to overcome and minimize the gap of understanding and make familiar with the
rural areas. We are really grateful to the authority of IUB for providing us the prospect to get this
authentic experience.
Objective:
It is common to us that a person without an aim is like a ship without a rudder in the sea. The
main object of IUB to conduct LFE is to make familiar the students with the rural life and give
some personal real and field experience to them. To achieve the intent of LFE, IUB planned to
conduct a research by its students in some rural areas. The IUB students has to be made aware of
this situation, so that they began to think of ways to solve the problems and thereby open up
opportunities for further social and economic development. The overall objectives of the LFE-
201 courses are stated below.
 To sketch out the appropriate rural structure of our country by selecting a Para from
specific village of Mymensingh.

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 To know the historical references of the selected Para about different parameters of social
change process.
 To draw out the social stratification of rural area in terms of the wealth position with
specific determinants.
 To find out how villagers produce their crops in their field and various aspects of rural
production cycle.
 To follow up the overall health and environmental condition of the rural area.
Finally, to analyze the interaction place of surplus group and deficit group of people in the rural
area i.e. Market structure of the rural are and other related issues.
Limitations:
To conduct each and every research the researcher has to face some problems which may
minimize the value of the work. Though we did not face any major problems but the most
common problem to all the groups is the shortage of time. Other than the problems we have
faced during conducting the research on individual study are mentioned in the individual chapter.
BRAC Learning Center (BLC): At A Glance:
Background:
BRAC was initiated in 1972 by Sir Fazle Hasan Abed at Shallah Upazillah in the district of
Sunamganj as a small-scale relief and rehabilitation project to help returning war refugees after
the Bangladesh Liberation War of 1971. In nine months, 14 thousand homes were rebuilt as part
of the relief effort and several hundred boats were built for the fishermen. Medical centers were
opened and other essential services were ensured.
By 1974, BRAC had started providing micro credit and had started analyzing the usefulness of
credit inputs in the lives of the poor. Until the mid-1970s, BRAC concentrated on community
development through village development programs that included agriculture, fisheries,
cooperatives, rural crafts, adult literacy, health and family planning, vocational training for
women and construction of community centers. A Research and Evaluation Division (RED) was
set up by Mushtaque Cowdhuryh in 1975 to analyze and evaluate its activities and provide
direction for the organization to evolve. In 1977, BRAC shifted from community development
towards a more targeted approach by organizing village groups called Village Organizations
(VO). This approach targeted the poorest of the poor – the landless, small farmers, artisans, and
vulnerable women. Those who own less than half an acre of land and survive by selling manual
labor were regarded as BRAC's target group. That same year BRAC set up a commercial

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printing press to help finance its activities. The handicraft retail chain called Aarong, was
established the following year.
In 1979, BRAC entered the health field by establishing a nationwide Oral Therapy Extension
Program (OTEP), a campaign to combat Diarrhea, the leading cause of the high child mortality
rate in Bangladesh.
In 1986, BRAC started its Rural Development Program that incorporated four major activities –
institution building including functional education and training, credit operation, income and
employment generation and support service program
In 1991, the Women's Health Development program commenced. The following year BRAC
established a Centre for Development Management (CDM) in Rajendrapur.
Its Social Development, Human Rights and Legal Services program was launched in 1996.
In 1998, BRAC's Dairy and Food project was commissioned. BRAC launched an Information
Technology Institute the following year.
In 2001, BRAC established a university called BRAC University.
Vision:
A world free from all forms of exploitation and discrimination where everyone has the
opportunity to realize their potential .
Mission:
To empower people and communities in situations of poverty, illiteracy, disease and social
injustice. Our interventions aim to achieve large scale, positive changes through economic and
social program that enable men and women to realize their potential.

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Objectives:
What Brac do:
Well being and resilience:
 Disaster management and climate change
 Health, nutrition and population
 Water, sanitation and hygiene.
SocialEconomic developmentand protection
 Agriculture and food security
 Integrated development
 Microfinance
 Enterprises and investments
 Targeting the ultra poor
Expanding horizons
 Education
 Migration
 Skills Development

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Empowerment
 Community empowerment
 Gender justice and diversity
 Human rights and legal aid services
 Urban Development
Support Programs
 Governance, management and capacity building
Who We Are:
We are the world’s largest development organization, dedicated to empowering people living in
poverty. We operate across 11 countries, touching the lives of 1 in every 55 people.
Economic development:
Microfinance, introduced in 1974, is BRAC's oldest program. It spans all districts of Bangladesh.
It provides collateral-free loans to mostly poor, landless, rural women, enabling them to generate
income and improve their standards if living standards of living. BRAC's microcredit program
has funded over $1.9 billion in loans in its first 40 years. 95% of BRACs microloan customers
are women. According to BRAC, the repayment rate is over 98%.
BRAC founded its retail outlet, Aarong (Bengali for "village fair") in 1978 to market and
distribute products made by indigenous peoples. Aarong services about 65,000 artisans, and sells
gold and silver jewelry, hand loom, leather crafts, etc.
Education:
BRAC is one of the largest NGOs involved in primary education in Bangladesh. As of the end of
2012, it had more than 22,700 non-formal primary schools with a combined enrolment of
670,000 children. Its schools constitute three-quarters of all NGO non-formal primary schools in
the country.

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BRAC's education program provides non-formal primary education to those left out of the
formal education system, especially poor, rural, or disadvantaged children, and drop-outs. Its
schools are typically one room with one teacher and no more than 33 students. Core subjects
include mathematics, social studies and English. The schools also offer extracurricular activities.
They incentivize schooling by providing food, allowing flexible learning hours, and conferring
scholarships contingent on academic performance. Bangladesh has reduced the gap between
male and female attendance in schools. The improvement in female enrolment, which has largely
been at the primary level, is in part attributable to BRAC. Roughly 60% of the students in their
schools are girls.
Public health:
BRAC started providing public healthcare in 1972 with an initial focus on curative care through
paramedics and a self-financing health insurance scheme. The program went on to offer
integrated health care services BRAC's 2007 impact assessment of its North West Microfinance
Expansion Project testified to increased awareness of legal issues, including those of marriage
and divorce, among women participants in BRAC programs. Furthermore, women participants'
self-confidence was boosted and incidence of domestic violence was found to have declined.
One of the most prominent forms of violence against women, acid throwing, has been decreasing
by 15-20% annually since the enactment in 2002 of legislation specifically targeting acid
violence.
Disaster relief:
BRAC conducted one of the largest NGO responses to Cyclone Sidor which hit vast areas of the
south-western coast in Bangladesh in mid-November 2007.BRAC distributed emergency relief
materials, including food and clothing, to over 900,000 survivors, provided medical care to over
60,000 victims and secured safe supplies of drinking water. BRAC is now focusing on long-term
Education
Number of Schools 48,622
Number of Students 1.45m
Graduated Students 11.85m
Members in Community Libraries 1.27m
Public HEALTH
Community Health Workers 117,083

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rehabilitation, which will include agriculture support, infrastructure reconstruction and livelihood
regeneration.
Microfinance:
Since launching our microfinance activities in 1974, BRAC has grown to become one of the
world’s largest providers of financial services for the poor. Innovative, inclusive, and client-
focused, BRAC has utilized its 40 years of expertise to design, test, and adapt loan and savings
products to meet the unique needs of people living in poverty.
BRAC currently operates microfinance programs in seven countries including Bangladesh,
Pakistan, Sierra Leone, Uganda, Liberia, Tanzania and Myanmar. BRAC actively shares its
knowledge and expertise with external partners and visitors from around the world.
In January 2014 BRAC took ownership of SafeSave, an organization that offers highly flexible
financial services to poor people in Dhaka.
MICROFINANCE
Total Borrowers 5.3m
Cumulative Disbursement 15.72b
Countries where BRAC operates:
 Asia: Bangladesh, Afghanistan, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Philippines, Nepal, Myanmar.
 Africa: Uganda, Tanzania, South Sudan, Liberia, Sierra Leone.
 Caribbean: Haiti
 BRAC provides technical assistance to organizations in Haiti, Sudan, and Indonesia
 BRAC has affiliate organizations in the United Kingdom and United state.
Honors and awards
Number one NGO in the world,2017 by NGO.
Number one NGO in the world,2016 by NGO.

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Chapter 2
Methodology

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Origin of the report
The origin of the report is doing Live-in-Field Experience (LFE 201). Our supervisor was three
honorable faculties Mr. Tavir Ahmed Haroon, Mr. Saquib Ahmed khan, Mrs. Proma Anwar
Khan, Independent University, Bangladesh. This report has been prepared to accomplish the
particular requirements of our LFE-201, 2017 (Live‐ in‐ Field experience) course.
Our Area of study
In total 13 groups took part in the LFE course which held at Mymensing, BLC. I was in Group 4,
had the opportunity to study various issues: such as village resort mapping and transect, social
change, economy and rural production, health and environment, the rural market of our study
Para named Madhya Para. The basic objective of the course was to orient the participants of the
program with the rural life of Bangladesh.
Methodology
To compleate my LFE report I followed some systemetic way. I also collected necessary
information from different sourses. I used two sources of data collection. One is primary and
another one is secondary sources.
Sources of Data
The report more or less followed an anthropological approach of exploring the data from the
field and thus the amount of qualitative data is higher. But as far as the sources of data are
concerned, both primary and secondary sources of collecting data have used to make the study
presentable with as less abstraction as possible.
I prepared a digrams to define the situaltions.

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Primary data:
Data was collected directly from the respondent. Data was provided by the adult member of the
household and from the children also.
Personal
Ovservation
Villagers
Interview
Questionnaire
Survey
Different
book
Article/
journals

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Secondary data
Secondary information has been collected from various sources like our journals, from the
internet where I took references from many books and many websites.

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Chapter 3
Village Resource Mapping and
Transect
Golam Saroar
ID : 1430470

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Introduction
We are living under the age of globalization. Because of that we rapidly were inventing new
technology. But it is a matter of great sorrow that we are forgetting the origins lies in the rural
beauty. Our beloved university, Independent University, Bangladesh (IUB) is arranging a unique
program which is only offered by IUB every year knowing the rural beauty. Independent
University, Bangladesh (IUB) is the first university in Bangladesh to arrange this program as a
mandatory course. The course has three credits. In our country, 70% of the people live in rural
areas. They are the major portion of our overall population. We are the students; the backbone of
nation must have knowledge about their income, lifestyle, economy, health, education etc. It is to
be noted that most of the village people are now suffering from many kinds of diseases; they are
in extreme poverty, lack of knowledge. Socio Cultural Character of the people of this country
was dominated by its rural influence and rural way of life. Although Bangladesh had been
experiencing large influx of people from rural to urban areas in recent times and the rate of
urbanization had been high in the urban and suburb community. Still a large majority of the
population of this country calls the village their home. Rural society still places a strong role in
influencing their lives and ways of thinking. According to the statistics of WHO and FAO 48%of
rural people and 44% of urban people lie under poverty line. The study of the village life is
necessary for everyone. LFE is very important course for the students so that students know
about the village life.
Objectives of the village mapping:
Mapping is very important and crucial when we want to know about a place. Village map is
prepared for several objectives. The important objectives of village map as well as Para Map are
given below:
 Present situation of the people about education.
 To know about the resources available in the village.
 To know about the life style of the people of village.
 To learn the socio economic condition and lifestyles of the people.
 To learn overall condition of the people.
 To see the type of organizations and institutes those are involved with the development
process of the people of village.

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Methodology:
The village that we were assigned during our LFE at Mymensing was “Chor kalibari”. As per
schedule we were supposed to draw the map of the village on the first survey day of LFE. The
village map was drawn with the help of people .We gathered a few local people who were well
aware of their village and its boundaries. They had a clear idea of their village and the prominent
landmarks of it. Among the people who helped us out in drawing the village map was Mr.
Aminul Islam(Islam Fokir). At first we drew a sketch of the village map on the notepaper. Then
we highlighted different parts of this map with colors and seeds, which were provided to us by
our instructors. And we also drawing map by the help of tree brace. The day when we first drew
the village map under we also drew the Para map with the help of the local people. After drawing
the maps my group member divided itself and explored the area to ensure the accurateness of the
Para map drawn. This ground exploration helped us to match the map with reality and to detect
any deficiencies. A fresh map of the Para was also drawn on our return on a chart paper. Both the
maps are included in this report.
Limitations:
As we were unfamiliar with this type of research, we came across some problems. The
limitations are as follows:
Time constrain was one of the most important factors because to build a very good rapport with
the villagers we need to comparatively longer period of time than we were allotted. Moreover we
spent only one day for drawing the village map and one day for transect map.
Since we worked in morning, the villagers were very much busy with their own work at that
time. They were in hurry because they have to go to field. The ladies were busy with the
household chores.
We could not collect information about the total amount of land of the village. The people could
not give us the correct information.
LocationSelection:
First of all we went to Brac Learning Center (BLC). The village was selected by our honorable
faculty member where every group was placed in different Para of that village for carrying out
survey work. Our course instructor along with the help of BLC authority selected the villages.
We were assigned to Chor-kalibari, and the para was Moddo Para. The village is on the east-
south side of BLC. It was approximately 1 km away from BLC and takes 10 min to reach. The
village is situated left beside the Shombugong road.

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Rapport building:
Rapport building is the most important aspect. Abadul mama, a guide from BLC was sent with
us to the Para. They gathered some people of various ages on a house -yard that was selected by
us for drawing the map. Our group leader introduced us with the people of Para and explained
the purpose of our visit. The environment was built by our group in such a way that the people of
Para were given more importance and they did not feel uncomfortable or hesitated to share the
task of our group.
Village map of Chor-kalibari (Moddo Para):
I with my Group partner helped me to draw the map and our village guide shows the different
resources like school, college, mosque, main road, sub-road etc. we symbolized those resources
using color pencil. Then, we copied the map on a piece of paper and to symbolize different types
of resources we used legends. People were busy they were very friendly stay with us for a long
period.
Picture-(1) Village map of Chor-kalibari (Moddo para)
Source: LFE Field Survey, spring 2017
Cross checking:
When the map of Para was completed our faculty given a another chance to go moddo para for
mapping cross checking ,and we asked some other people about village mapping, once again,
through the resource map. Our group also walked around the Para to verify the locations of the
resources. And we also draw a map on the soil by the help of village school students. Because
village people are busy with their work.

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Picture-(2) Cross checking
Source: LFE Field Survey, spring 2017.
We also draw the map by the help of village school children. Because ages people are so much
with their work.
Village Profile:
Table-(1) Village profile
Name of the village Chor-kalibari
Union Chor-kalibari
District Mymensing
Division Mymensing
Location 7 kilometer from the main city
Post office Shombugong
Total population More then 10000
Voter 5000
No of the household Approximately 1500
Gender Male-55%,Female-45%
Religion 100% Muslim
Co-operative society 3

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Findings from the Para Map:
Major findings of “Chor-kalibari‟village is described below:
Landmarks and Resources:
“Chor-kalibari” village is full of resources. The sights and resources are described below:
Village Resource:
Table-(2) Village Resource
Name of the Resources Amount
Trees Palm, supari, akaashi,Shegun,bamboo, guava,
banana, Coconut, mahogany, jackfruit, mango,
jam, Papaya tree.
Vegetables Radish, Caulis flower, „Cabbage, „Gourd,
Bean„Potato, Eggplant, Carrot, Tomato,
Lentils,MustardPoultry Farm 2Pond 50
(approximately)
Poultry Farm 0
Mosque 4
School and Madrasa 2
Post office 0
Rice mill 0
Deep tube well 2 (approximately)
NGO office 3
Grave yard 2
Shop Tea stall, Grocery store.
Drainage system for irrigation Some people have shelo water machine.
“Pacca” road No
Types of Houses Brick House, Semi Pacca House, Ten shade
House
Tube well Most of the families have tube well.
Sanitary latrine Ring slab, Septic Tank and most of the family
have no well sanitary latrine.
Electricity Facilities Present in most of the houses.
Gas Facilities No
Garbage store 1 large open field.

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Road:
In our assigning village the road system was not good. The main road was mud road and most of
the village are same. There are many sub roads which branched from this road. After the
development of the mud road the entire economic condition of the village improved immensely.
Picture-(4) Road
Educational Institution,Madrasa:
The whole village had only one school giving education to the village children. The name of the
school is “Choe-kalibari Government Primary School “. The school was established in 2005-
2006 by Govt. There have a madrasa name is “Khankaye Amdadadiya and zomiriya”.

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Picture-(5) Educational Institution, Madrasa
Mosque and Eidgah:
The village has only on 4 mosques and 1 eidgha.
Graveyard:
In this village there are several graveyards. One is from the goernment. Two to three families has
their own graveyards.
Communicationand Transportation:
The transport system is moderate in Chor kalibari village. There was only one mud road and
many muddy sub roads. But the road is narrow that’s why heave transports cannot enter into
thevillage. People use rickshaw, bicycle, motor-cycle and van. But in the rainy season the
villagers have to suffer a lot for the muddy road. There is a post office near the village
“Shombogong” postoffice. For that reason they can communicate with their relatives living
outside of the village or country by mailing letters to them. Besides this, most of the villagers
have cellular phone, by which they can communicate easily.

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Picture-(6) Communication and Transportation
Sources ofwater:
The village consists with many ponds and tube walls. The villagers mainly rely on tube walls for
drinking water. Most of families have tube well. The ponds are used for washing and bathing
purposes. We got disappointed to the see the poor condition of the ponds. Most of the ponds are
dirty and unhygienic. And also tube well area is unhygienic.

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Picture-(7) Sources of water
Sanitation:
The villages have not good sanitation system. As our village was most people had unhygienic
ring-slabs TOILET. Some brick houses had septic tanks no as well, they use unhygienic toilet. In
Mosque and some of the house have fully sanitary latrine. This people are so much poor. These
borrowing money to built building but they are not built sanitary toilet.
Picture-(8) sanitation

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Health Care:
Unfortunately the health care system is poor in the Chor-kalibari village. There is no health care
center in this village. We found a vaccination center in the moddo para. By the virtue of the
cooperative society and EPI the village is100% vaccinated.
Picture-(9) Health Care
But this village has extra benefit. From this village have just 10min road distance of Mymensing
Medical College Hospital. Most of the people of the village go to the hospital for their any kind
of problem but main topic is they pay only few amount of money. There are no pharmacies in the
village; people usually go for medicine in shombugong bazer. At child delivery time midwives
come from nearby villages now people also go to hospita
Trees and plants:
Different kinds of trees and plants can be found in “Chorkalibari village‟. These are mango trees,
jack-fruit trees, banana trees, coconut trees, banyan tree, date trees, Akashi trees, papaya, lau,
brinjal etc. Other important trees are Bamboo bush.

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Picture-(10) Trees and plants
All over the village there are many Bamboo bushes and ten shad.
Birds and Animals:
Almost all families have domestic animals like cows goat. Some of the villagers sale the milk of
their cows to bazaar and neighbor and earn money. Other animals like dog, cat and are found
moving around the places. In “Chor-kalibari” village there are different kinds of birds. There are
kingfishers, magpie, shalik and dove etc and domestic birds are duck, chicken, pigeon etc.
Picture-(10) Birds and Animals

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Agriculture and Cultivation:
The village comprises mainly of cultivating lands. Paddy is the main source of cultivation.
Different types of seasonal vegetation are cultivated as well like, amon, aoushand ,boro crops,
paddy, mustard, chili, jute etc. Their main paddy crop are Atas, Untris, irri, Hira and so on.There
is talk jute cultivation very small amount. Some are cultivated for their own consumption and the
excessive sold in the ”ShombogongHaat”.
Picture-(11) Agriculture and Cultivation
The soil type of the village is sandy loam, which is very suitable for the cultivation. In the village
the farmers use deep tub well for irrigation process and this village near to the Brahmaputra
River. Farmers of the village use different types of properties for the cultivation such as tractor,
seeds, fertilizers, pesticides etc. most of the farmers do their own works in the field and
sometimes they use labor for helping them.
Inhabitants:
There are about 1500 households and total population is about 10000. 55% of which is male and
45% is female. About 70% are farmers and the rest are involved in other occupations. In recent
times many villagers are residing in town and city. The women are involved in various
cooperative society activities.

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Graph – (1) Inhabitants
Bazaar and Haat:
There are several glossaries stores in the village. On specific week days people goes to
Shobugong haat. Other than that people buy the irregular commodities from nearby village shop.
A shopkeeper said that their daily sale 1000-1200 and profit will be 200-250. Basic demographic
information of “Chor-kalibari” has been collected during our field survey.
Picture-(11) Bazaar and Haat
Religion:
100% of the villagers are „MUSLIMS‟ in “Chor-kalibari”.
Male
55%
Female
45%
people percentage

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Age and Sex Distribution:
In Chor-kalibari we surveyed 10 families. The members of household were most helpful and
they gave us all the information about their age and all other things. From our questionnaire
survey we found that the population of Chor-kalibari is mostly centralized in adult range.
Number of male and female adult population almost equivalent that we can see from shows the
Age & Sex Distribution of Study Population.
Table-(3) Age and Sex Distribution
Age Groups Male Female
No % No %
0-10 5 20 4 16
10-15 4 16 5 20
15-20 4 16 6 24
20-50 9 36 8 32
50-Above 3 12 2 8
Graph –(2) Age and Sex Distribution Male Graph –(3) Age and
Sex Distribution female
Source: LFE Field Survey, spring 2017 Source: LFE
Field Survey, spring 2017
20%
16%
16%
36%
12%
Age & Sex Distribution
0-10
10--15
15-20
20-50
50-Above
16%
20%
24%
32%
8%
Age & Sex Distribution
0-10
10--15
15-20
20-50
50-Avobe

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From the age group of 0-10 we found 20% male and 16%female.10-15, 16% is male and 20% is
female. From the age group of 15-20 the male is 16% and the female is 24%. From the age group
of 20-50 the male is 36% and the female is 32%. And from 50 and above we found 12% and 8%.
Marital Statuses:
Table-(4) Marital Statuses
Marital Statuses Male Female
No % No %
Married 30 60 33 66
Unmarried 20 40 17 34
Divorced NA - NA -
Separated/Abandoned NA - NA -
From the survey we found that 60% of male and 40% of female are married. The number of
females is greater, because most of the male members are working in the field when we went out
for the survey.40%male and 34%female are unmarried. Since divorces are still not acceptable in
our society the number of divorce is nil.
Family Type:
Table-(4) Family Type
After survey of 10 households, we have found that in our assigned area the number of nuclear
family is more than joint family.
Family Type No %
Nuclear 7 70
Joint 3 30
Total 10 100

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Occupation:
Table-(5) Occupation
We can show the percentage of occupation of the villagers. From our survey of 10 household we
found that among 25 males 52% are income earners. Among 25 females 56% are house wives.
The percentage of female student is 20% which is the higher than the percentage of male student.
Because every family want to more money that’s why parents sent their children for works.
Unemployed male is 16%, dependent children (excluding the student) total 25 males of our
assigned area.
Literacy rate:
We know that Bangladesh is one of the best developing countries. In before Bangladesh
education sector was so much bad situation. But now every village has a school and government
give free books. And people are so much aware about education. Most of the parents are want to
send their children at school. Our survey said that young people are 75% are literate. But some
of the age old people only sign their name.
Income:
Table-(6) Income
Social class Income/Monthly
Upper class 25000-30000
Upper middle class 15000-20000
Middle class 7500-10000
Lower class 3000-6000
Occupation Male Female
No % No %
Income 13 52 - -
Housewife - - 14 56
Student 3 12 5 20
Dependent(children) 5 20 4 16
Unemployed 4 16 2 8

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We survey 10 households so we divided the household in 4 classes. We have categorized income
level monthly. We convert their daily income into monthly income. Because every village people
say only their daily income. Most of the people are day labor, driver and farmer.
Major Finding:
After our survey we have found that
 It’s a rural village.
 The main occupation of the village is farming. Beside there have other occupation
people those are daily labor, shop keeper, driver.
 100% people are Muslim.
 Sanitation facility so much poor.
 Only electricity and no gas available there.
 Male and female education rapidly increases day by day.
 100% vaccination.
 Poor condition of domestic animal.
 Village road situation are so much poor condition.
 There no health clinic and high school.
Opportunities:
At the time of survey we found some opportunities for the people.
 We see that women are more aware join with different types NGO. So
women empowerment is increasing.
 Women are working with their husband in field.
 Farmers are growing different type’s crops.
 In the face of the village there has e open dump area. So government need
to proper utilize of this waste.
 This village has no pharmacy. This is great opportunity for anyone want to
start new business.
Conclusion:
Chor-kalibari is so nice village. People are so much friendly and hospital.
Independent University, Bangladesh (IUB) has provide us the opportunity to
know the rural Bangladesh by LFE .most of us had some idea about rural life
style.LFE give chance feel about the rural life. The village resource map and
transit Map of Chor-kalibari give us an overview and idea about the village.
We learn so many things. We gather so much information which is use for our
later life.

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Chapter 4
Social Change Process
By Lutfun Naher Anonna
ID#1410391

Page | 32
LFE (Live In Field experience) ,this course is all about experience how rural people lead their
life, what are the obstecels they face, how they fulfill their basic needs. By this course we can
differentiate lifestyle of rural and urban people. How they are happy with simple things. Thanks
to our honorable faculty Talim Hossain sir for adding this course as a foundation course,
through this course is all about knowing the rural peoples lifestyle, needs, facilities, social
aspects, market, economic conditions, health , environment etc. Thanks to our honorable
Tanvir Haroon Sir, Proma Miss, Sakib sir for their valuable supervision. We are section 5 and
our venue is in BRAC Learning Center (BLC), Mymensingh.
Mymensingh
Mymensingh is situated on the river Brahmaputra. Mymesningh is 3rd largest city in
Bangladesh. Since 2015 Mymensingh became the 8th administrative divisional headquarters
of Bangladesh. Mymensingh city is located about 120 km (75 mi) north of Dhaka which is the
capital of the country.
Mymensingh city is clearly marked by the old Brahmaputra river flowing along its
north. Shambhuganj is situated on the other side of the Brahmaputra, connected by
the Shambhuganj Bridge.
In Mymensingh total population are 53,13,163 (collected from census 2011). Male Population
are 26,40,040, Female Population are 26,73,123.
The City Center of Mymensingh is along the
Ganginarpar Road, which is known as the vein or life
line of Mymensingh city. Some more busy area of the
city are Chorpara Mor, Town Hall More, Bridge Mor.
In Mymensingh their have several upojela like
Ishorgonj, Goforgaw,Fulpur, Fulbaria, Tarakanda and
Mymensingh Shodor is one of them. Oshtodhar,
Porangonj, Chor-Ishordia, Chor-nilokhia, Dabkhali,
Boyra are some unions of Mymensingh Shodor.
Mymensingh has a large unskilled and semi-skilled
labor population, who primarily earn their livelihood as
hawkers, Rickshaw puller, taxi drivers, mechanics and
other such proletarian professions.
Agriculture is the most important sector contributing
to GDP, followed by the growing service sector in the
city.

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BRAC Learning Centre (BLC), Mymensingh.
Our venue was in BRAC Learning Centre (BLC), Char Kalibari, Mymensingh.
BRAC, an international development organization based in Bangladesh, is the largest non-
governmental development organization in the world, measured by the number of employees and
the number of people it has helped. BRAC concentrated on community development through
village development programs that included agriculture, fisheries, cooperatives, rural crafts, adult
literacy, health and family planning, vocational training for women and construction of
community centre.
BLC, Mymensingh
This place is so beautiful and peoples who are working in this organization are very friendly and
helpful. . The atmosphere of BLC is very temperate. In this training center BRAC provide foods
for all people in the organization. They maintain time very strictly.
Some people live here and receive education. BRAC's education program provides non-formal
primary education to those left out of the formal education system, especially poor, rural, or
disadvantaged children, and drop-outs. They help women to educate herself and make her a self
reliant lady. It provides loans to mostly poor, landless, rural women.

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Social Change Process in Char-Kalibari,
(Modho Para)
Introduction:
Social change refers to any significant movement over time in behavior patterns and cultural
values and norms. Seemingly all the nations in this world have been experiencing changes day
by day. Bangladesh is a developing country but her population is very high. Approximately 161
million people live here. Many people have their own cultural norms and values.
We visited Modho Para, Char kalibari, Mymensingh. Their values and norms are little bit
different from others in Bangladesh because all the society has its own cultural point of view. At
an environmental level, in their weather is 66% humidity and 15% precipitation, they faces
“moylar Mor”, this muck stacks create health problem, many people affects from skin diseases,
its causes village people temper irritable, this prevent them from healthy living it also changes
social aspects internally. At social level, they are very friendly and helpful. They communicate
with us cordially. At economic level, they are not as much rich as urban people but they can
manage their livelihood with little things. Those all are the factors that creates social changes.
Objective :
 Identify the geographical affairs and the natural disaster
 How many people emigrant from this village
 Identify the constructive issues like population , education, transportation etc.
 Political consequences of this village
 Cultural norms and values
 Valuation of changing values and believes
 Transportation facilities
 Accessible of Mechanical facilities
 To know about their lifestyle
 Identify about their religious believes
 What they think about child marriage, polygamy .
 About their thoughts in women education and empowerment.

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Limitations :
When we survey to Modho Para, Char Kalibari some faced some confusion because person to
person the varied their answers. Some people said they did not get any sort of help from member
or chairman, but some people said they get. In this village many families allow their women to
work in field and others are not. When we communicate with village foreman, we cleared our
confusions.
Methodology :
In our LFE course most important theme is Social Change Process. To fulfill our objectives we
made questions to ask village peoples, according to our them base. Our honorable faculties help
us how we communicate with villagers. We talked with the village, they explained us about their
norms values and beliefs. We interviewed different age peoples to know about that “Modho
Para” social aspects.
Social Change Process Art Work of Modho Para :
Me along with my other group members did this paper work. In this paper work we pointed out
some specific issues like geographical condition, natural disasters, emigration of the villagers,
constructive issues like population, education system, political issues, superstition, child
marriages, polygamy and other factors.

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Geographical Condition :
Geographical condition is a term that is used to describe physical measure of that particular area.
That can be favorable or unfavorable.
Our village name is Char Kalibare. Its under 6 number Char Ishordia union, Mymensingh Shodor
Upojela. In our village their have several paras like modho para, purbo para, kanda para and dash
para. In modho para their has a “moylar mor” . From this garbage peoples from this village are
suffer from various diseases. Crops are affected. Water gets polluted. Environment gets polluted.
Natural disaster which has an adverse socio-economic impact on the human being. When we
talked with Aminul Islam(works in Mymensingh Pouroshova Biddut Officee), he tells us that 2
or 3 years ago village people faces flood, because heavy rainfall occurred that time. In
Mymensingh Flood, Baishakhi Jhor, hailstorm are occurred.
Source: LFE Field Survey, spring 2017 Mr.Aminul Islam and our group members
Mymensingh is situated on the river Brahmaputra so riverbank erosion happened sometime. For
livelihood modho para people go to Mymensingh town, some lives in Dhaka, A few of people go
to abroad for working. Most of the people works in field, agriculture is the main earning source
for this village people. Other workings like hawkers, Rickshaw puller, taxi drivers, mechanics
and other such proletarian professions village people works.

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immigration of Modho Para people
Constructive Factors:
In constructive factors several things come population, education, transaction, political issues
all this things are in constructive factor. Population is vast factor to change social process
because by the people we can make society. Education is the backbone of a nation, without
educating people we cant imagine a good changes in the society. If political leaders make
promises society will changes automatically.
By this elements we can understand the social changes in Modho para area.
Population :
In modho para approximately lives 10,000 people lives here. Almost 55% people are female and
45% male. Many of the male persons are lives in Dhaka City or Mymensingh town for their
livelihood. By Communicating with Haji Najim Uddin (75) he told us that in liberation war
many people died and others were run away. Before liberation Char Kalibari hindu believers
lived here, when liberation war happened some people died and others run away to Kolkata. So
this Colum shows how population being high and low during 1972, in 1988 and 1998 flood huge
portion go down into water and many people died.
lives in village 64%
lives in Mymensingh town
25%
lives in Dhaka 15%
lives in abroad 1%

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Education :
We all know that education is the backbone of a nation. Without educating our people we can not
think that our nation will develop. In Modho Para their have no any education institute but in the
Dash Para their have Primary School most of the village people go to this school. But many of
this village people go to Madrasa for education. Some of the poor villagers don’t sent their
children for education because of poverty. They sent their children for working in domestic
work or garments in Dhaka. Minimum level of education is class 5, its mandatory to all the
students by Government. Many of the male child study in madrasa and some of them left
education in class 6 or 7. Many of female child married off in class 5 or 6. We survey 10
household, in one household Runa Bagum(40) her both children are educated her son study in
BA and she sent her girl to school, she read in class 8. Approximately 70% people are literate
and 30% old people are illiterate.
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2017
Population of Modho Para
Population of Modho
Para
Education
primary School 40%
Madrasa 30%
illitarate 30%

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Gender Discrimination:
Gender discrimination is a measure factor in Bangladesh. Many of illiterate people thinks that
girls are burden to their family. Because of this reason they don’t invest money for their
education. They always hope for boy child, their belief is that when they will grow old his/her
boy will take care of his/her self. This discrimination ruin the life of that child. Without
educating a mother how can we think about a develop society.
In Modho Para many people has changed their thoughts and give equal rights to both male and
female child. They sent to their children to school or madrasa. When we survey we talked with
Haji Najimuddin, he told us that male children are better than female children. Because female
child will marry and go to her husband house also take huge amount of dowry with her. But
male child will always with him so he always wants a male child.
Source: LFE Field Survey, spring 2017 Haji Najim Uddin and us
Child Marriage :
Child marriage is defined by global organizations as a formal marriage or informal union entered
into by an individual before reaching the age of 18. Causes of child marriages
include poverty, bride price, dowry, cultural traditions, laws that allow child marriages. social
pressures, regional customs, fear of remaining unmarried, illiteracy, and perceived inability of
women to work for money.

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Most of the female Modho Para , married off below 18. Many female villagers are illiterate,
they don’t have much knowledge about health issues so got pregnant in the teenage. For this
things they face many health issues, domestic violence. Because of early marriage they don’t
have knowledge of education so poverty occurred.
Source: LFE Field Survey, spring 2017 Shathi (18)
This is Sathi age 18years old when she was married in the age of 15 years and she has a baby girl
2 years old.
Polygamy :
Polygamy means a individual have more than one spouse. in Bangladesh it has some old custom
that a man can marry as much he want, its totally a preposterous concept. In some area, this
concept is running. Some villagers said that custom of polygamy is minimize day by day. Many
male people again married because their spouse could not give birth or could not give him boy
baby.
Mrs Ambia Khatun(40) is victim of this custom. Her husband married with another lady.
Another villager Taslima Akter said that in modho para one villager married 2nd time because his
1st wife can not give him any children.

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Superstition:
Because of poor knowledge of education people belief some illogical things. They believe that if
those sign occurs something would surely happen. Though there are some funny things, but those
are fully believed by the people. They believe it, because those superstitions were found from
their inheritance.
In Modho Para people belief that Mrs Ambia Khatun (50) has a Gene in her body and he helped
her to find out other problems and sorrows. Village people believe in “batash lagano”. When
they get sick they go to the”Pir”, to get rid of it. Some time they ware some tabij for it.
Women rights :
The status of women in Bangladesh is defined by struggle to massive improvement over this
year. After the liberation war have seen increased political empowerment for women, better job
prospects, improved education and the adoption of new laws to protect their rights.
In Modho Para women, all most all the women are the victim of early marriage. We didn’t find
any mother who study at least class 5. We survey some household and got information.
Name (age) Casting Vote Shopping Visiting
relatives
outside the
villiage
Watching
TV/VCR
Make DPS in
the
oranization
Renu (35)    
Anoara (42)  
Taslima Akter
(30)
    
Rubi Begum
(37)
  
Most of the village women can cast vote. But their education knowledge has no up to the mark.
Almost every woman married of when they were studying in class 2 or 3. And others never went
to school. They were go to village moktob for study The Holy Quran. But now a days its
changing, they send their both boy and girl for studying but the custom of child marriage is not
stop yet. Women take loan from ASHA, POPI,BRAC. We survey 10 household 7 household said
they make DPS in some of this organization. We see that women are more aware join with
different types NGO. So women empowerment is increasing

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Transportationfacilities :
Bangladesh is going digital day by day. With the new innovation people can easily move. It also
save time. In Modho para we saw Van, Auto rickshaw, cycle, motor cycle. By the changing
process Modho para people also upgrade themselves. For their livelihood most of the labor go to
Mymensingh town. In Mymensingh town their have all sort of facilities. Bus, track, Auto
Rickshaw, rickshaw, Baby taxi, car all the transportations facilities are available there.
But in Modho Para this rural area, when we survey we found Auto Rickshaw, Van, Motorcycle,
cycle as a transport.
Political Factors :
In the changing process of a society the function of politics is important because ultimately the
mediating agent is politics. Societal autonomy is there but politics remains quite important.
Oscillation between military rule and democratic governance has been there in the last four
decades in Bangladesh. The implications of military rule in Bangladesh may be found in
different aspects however changes in basic principles, namely secularism and Bengali
nationhood took place. In the later phase of military rule Islam has been introduced as the state
religion. Later on such changes have been subject to criticism with the observation that religion
has been politicized.
Char kalibari is in 6 No. Char-Ishordiai Union Porishod, under Mymensingh Sadar upojela. The
persons name Bokul is the member of Char-Ishordia Union Porishod.

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Cultural factors :
Our culture is our pride. The old heritage of our culture deep rooted in Mymensingh
regions.Mymensingh is a stunning city with 200 years of political history and culture. The
birthplace of Nakshi Katha. It’s a a culture of Mymensingh to sewing colorful kathas.
Traditionally, kantha was produced for the use of the family. Today, after the revival of nakshi
kantha, they are produced commercially.
In Modho para we found some household, who stitch kantha for themselves they don’t stitch for
selling. Some of the people engage and sew nakhshi Kantha for commercial purpose but we did
not found any.
Chain of Evaluation:
The chain of evaluation is changing day by day. More the decades past more we can see the
evaluations of technology. Advancement of new innovation help us to move easily by providing
us car facilities, for communicating long distance people we use mobile phone, in early time
farmer cultivate crops by plough , than power tiller but now they can use tractor for more easily
cultivation.
In modho para very few people use tractor because many people are below poverty. Most of the
time they use plough. When the time of cultivation they borrow tractor from the its owner and
give payment for this usage.
In earlier time people live in Kure ghor, for evaluation of chain it came Tin Shed and now some
people of modho para made concrete shed. They also made sanitary bathrooms. But some of the
poor people of this village cant afford of this things they live from hand to mouth.

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Joint family are broken, because of immigration of village people and they having nuclear
family.
The chain of evaluation
Lifestyle of village people :
Life is so good when you live it in Bangladesh. The people and the nature will help you to get
the most out of it. Happiness, for us, needs no reason. We are always happy with knowing who
we are whether our capability is satisfactory to us or not. We know how to celebrate the life we
are give. We know how to get the most out of our life.
Family Type No %
Nuclear 7 70
Joint 3 30
Total 10 100

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There are many kinds of lifestyle of the people can be seen in Bangladesh — urban, rural and
Tribal. Amidst the concrete jungle, the urban life follows a different direction than the rural life.
The rural life has a much more strong relation with the nature. And, far from the maddening
crowd, there are many tribal lifestyles can be noticed which are unique and vibrant in their own
characteristics.
In modho para, village people are so simple and helpful. When we asked questions to the people
they did not feel disturb and happily and willingly answer all the questions. They did not think
about their time wastage. Their hospitality is great. I with my other group members visits 10
household all of them are very friendly and helpful. But in urban area we did not pay attention if
any one talk with other personal issues. But they communicate very friendly. They lead a very
simple life and this simple things made them beautiful.
Source: LFE Field Survey, spring 2017 There are twenty family live together
ReligionAnd Beliefs :
The name of the village is char kalibari. In the period of Aioub Khan their lived many hindus and
they worship devi Kali for this reason this village name is Char Kalibari. When the liberation
war some hindus were died and some of them run away.
Now in this Char kali Bari all the people are muslim. Their have Mosque and Madrasas. Many of
this village children studying there.

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Conclusion
Social culture process is that’s refers to social cultural evaluation. Culture is evaluating day by
day. Geographic factors effects the society internally. By the geographic factors people involves
in cultivation of crops, faces natural disasters and immigration. By the constructive factors we
can imagine the over all issues of processing social culture. Rural life is totally different from
urban culture. For this LFE course we can see the overall social change process of a rural area.
Education is a backbone of nation. If we take proper care to the children they will not suffer from
this gender discrimination and other social problems. This awareness can make the world a better
place.
Reference
 www.mymensingh.gov.bd.
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mymensingh
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_change
 https://www.asiaticsociety.org.bd/journal/04MonirulIKhan.pdf

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Chapter 5
Economy and Rural
Production
Orthy Saha
Chowdhury
Id# 1520301

Page | 48
Introduction:
Economy is the reflection of different social economic factors. Occupation, family income,
education, agriculture all of these factor reflects the economy. Bangladesh is basically rural in
character having an agro based economy. About 60% of its labor force is engaged in agriculture
here. Agriculture has a great contribution to the economy of this country. By studying the state of
a country or village’s wealth, resources and economy, the overall state can be understood. If the
outcome is reliable, we can get a picture of that study area. The farm household constitutes the
most important element of rural life. The scope of long term village study provides the outline
for the sub areas of research. Therefore, it is essentially important to know about the wealth,
resources and economic conditions to know or understand the real situation prevailing in that
particular place.
In this part of the report consists of the economical status of rural area. So I going to focus on the
income sources of my surveyed 10 households of Madhya Para, also some other factor related
with the employment and income source like occupation, family income, education, profession
of income earners, annual income, amount of land, by different family so on. I also find out the
wealth ranking part that tells the social status of the village.
Objective of the study
Live-in-Field-Experience is an extra ordinary course offered to the students of IUB. All the
students who are studying in IUB have to do this course. This is unique in Bangladesh. As IUB
aims at developing leadership qualities among the students with a view to serving the nation and
humanity at large , this compulsory course of live-in-field-experience is an important step
towards attaining its goal .it is not only about the study of village it is also about the study of the
predominant culture and mode of production of Bangladesh .
The main matter behind the LFE course work is to give the student very clear idea about the
villages. Because most of the people live in village. As a citizen and student of Bangladesh we
should know the about village people, their life style, culture, in this LFE course introduce me to

Page | 49
the rural life and the related problems. It helps me to know the village people, their emotion, and
their patience.
Me, the student of IUB in a group visited, Mymensing for 12 days and studied a Para named
“Madhya Para” under the village named “Chor Kalibari” (Under 6 no. ward “Char Eshwardia”)
as a part of curriculum activities known as Live-In-Field-Experience. The aim of this visit was to
have knowledge about the condition of rural area of Bangladesh.
The specific objectives of the study are given below ……..
 To be familiar with a village of Bangladesh and villagers and also their living way.
 To communicate with the participants with data collection methods.
 To know about the villagers’ wealth, resources, household and gender roles.
 To collect knowledge regarding the village’s economic and rural production.
 To create the awareness among the student about the reality of the economic condition,
by measuring the income source, annual income, occupation, amount of land.
 To learn the analysis of collected data and make a report.
Methodology
All the survey consists of real time data. Our groups consist of five people and we were assigned
with 10 household ID.
To gather all sorts of information we used household member and self-observation assessment as
our tool to complete this longitudinal survey. The research was made very vast in respect of a
particular place of village. Researches were made in two different ways. One is primary and
other secondary. The primary research means the data collection on the basis of what the
respondents speak from themselves. And secondary means the reference of books, websites,
journals that help in a better analysis of the survey.

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Limitations
I faced lots of limitation while doing my field work. All of the limitations discussed below:
 Time Constraint – The problem during the study was inadequate time. A longer time
period would have ensured a much better result for the study findings.
 Lack of reliable data – In rural females were afraid to talk with me, when I asked some
very personal sensitive question regarding disease they skipped to answering the
question. While I asking about their monthly income, amount of land, gold, they didn’t
provide accurate information, they gave me some unrealistic answer.
 Lack of experience‐ I didn’t have preliminary experience to conduct survey for research.
 Most of the people were co-operative, but there were some people who were non co-
operative, because they were busy with household work, they didn’t have enough time to
answer the question.
Economic Change
Bangladesh is a small country in the south Asia. Its main economic source is agriculture and the
main occupation of rural people as well. It’s contributing about 24% on total GDP. The
population of Bangladesh is estimated at 158,512,570 as of July 1 2014. And GDP of only
$1211.70 as of 2015. The economic growth rate of the last fiscal year was approximately 7.05%.

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Employment and Income Sources:
Most of village people are ready to response with the change of economic development. There
are daily labors, traders, milk sellers, for many people agriculture is either main or subsidiary
occupation. The village people are engaged with “Shomity” and they try to do business
altogether for making some profits. No specific program for income and employment generation
of the female population, but now-a-days they altogether working at field.
Occupation
The economic condition of “Madhya Para” is heavily dependent on agriculture. Although the
number of farmers has decreased over the past few year as new generation finds it difficult to do,
a good fraction of villagers still depend on agriculture for their daily necessities.
Table:1.0 Occupation of different household :-
Occupation Male Female
No % No %
Income 13 52 - -
Housewife - - 14 56
Student 3 12 5 20
Dependent(children) 5 20 4 16
Unemployed 4 16 2 8

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Picture: Most of the males are involved in agriculture.
Table: 2.0 Income Earners:-
Occupation Male (No) Male (%) Female (No) Female (%)
Agriculture 5 29.41 2 33.33
Grocery store 2 11.76 0 0.00
Poultry Rearing 0 0.00 2 33.33
Cattle Rearing 2 11.76 2 33.33
Transport Worker 3 17.65 0 0.00
Service 3 17.65 0 0.00
Others 2 11.76 0 0.00
From the table, I can see that based on 10 families, I have surveyed people among them male is
25 (based on assume), and female is 25 (based on assume). There were 3 male students and 5
female students we have met. I have found that male 52% among the people I have surveyed are
income earner that is 13. Another huge amount of female is house wife but from this table we
can see a few female members are the income earner with their husband.

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It’s one of the major barriers to improve the economy because if women are not engaged in
earning, our social economy will not improve. But good sign is that we found 6 women who
were engaged in earning but not directly.
In the Madhya Para, their lives different types of people. During our questioner survey I have
found that most of the villagers are farmer. Some of people have grocery store, some of them are
transport worker like van driver, auto bike driver and some of them doing job in different sectors.
There are huge women involved in housewife.
Picture: Females are also working in the field.
House types:
House is one of the basic needs. This provides human a shelter to keep themselves safe from
rain, sun, stone, cold, flood and wild animals. While doing our survey in the “Madhya Para” I
observed various kinds of houses. There were different kind of materials, which the village used
to build their house for comfort and security. Such as tin, haystack, brick and cement. Villagers
told me during the survey that this tin made household’s average life time id about 40 to 45 years
with some repairs. The structure of the house reflects the discrimination among the villagers and
when I saw such differences I tried to find out the reason behind this.

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Table:3.0 Different types of house pattern:-
Type Roof Wall Floor
Tin 6 6 ---
Tin Shade Building 2 ---- ---
Concrete 1 1 1
Total 9 9 9
Using the table I get the data of house pattern in Madhya Para. I have divided the villager’s
house types into three categories. These are -
 Upper Class
 Middle Class and
 Lower Class
4.6.2.1 Upper class houses:
During the survey I have seen that the upper classes have concrete building with concrete floor.
Most of them also have a good sanitation system. Some of them are well furnished. They also
afford motor tank water. Here, the upper class includes those who have not only land but also
source of income is doing service. I found a man and his son is an army. He is an influential
person of Madhya Para. His house is fully made of concrete. Most of the children of class are
literate. No gas available there. But they have color television, fan, refrigerator, mobile phone
etc. which reflect their wealth condition.
Picture: Upper Class House

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Middle class:
Middle class are those who have a fixed amount of income. Most of them are farmer. A few of
them have color television, some of them have bicycle, mobile phone, electricity. During the
survey I have seen that most of the middle classes have tin made house. Very few of them have
tin shaded wall house. Some of them have separate small bamboo thatched kitchen. But there
sanitation system is really poor.
Picture: Middle class houses.
Lower class:
The last segment, which has least amount of land and resources, are the lower class people.
During the survey I have seen that most of them have tin made house or haystack. Few of them
have bamboo thatched roof house. They have no kitchen, they cook in open place. They don’t
have any television, motorcycle. Most of them have very small size homestead.

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Picture: Lower Class House.
Domestic animals:
Having Domestic animals is a common scenario all around the villagers of Bangladesh.
Domestic animals are another source that fulfils household resources need. These domestic
animals provide an important portion of the food supply in the village. Each and every class has
some domestic animals or poultries.
Table:4.0 Number of Domestic animals based on class :-
Types of Domestic
Animals
Rich class
(NO)
Middle class
(NO)
Lower class
(NO)
COW 1-2 1-2 00
OX 1 1-2 00
Hen 2-3 5-6 8-10
Duck 1-2 4-5 4-5
Goat 1-2 2-3 2-3

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The number of domestic animals varies from family to family. The upper class people don’t have
too much number of cows, Ox, hens and ducks. Some of them have one or two cow only because
of the purpose of having milk for own use. Because they think that maintaining of these things is
problem.
Actually the lower class person has more ducks, hens and they are more dependent on it, some
lower class people have few number of Goat. Most of the people of Madhya Para have Black
bangle goat.
Picture: Every family has domestic animal.
But When I look at the middle class family members I saw that beside poultry bird they are
having goats, cows, and very few ox. Among all the domestic animals the cow and ox are most
handfuls for them. Its help during cultivation time and also the milk of buffaloes are taken
sometimes. They have these domestic animals for selling in the market during holly eid.

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Wealth Ranking of “Madhya Para”
Wealth and position have always been a main factor of the social status. For the wealth ranking
analysis I have collected 10 households information. According to the villager’s vision I have
divided them in three classes.
 Upper class
 Middle class
 Lower class
Local difference in wealth is certainly very much within the concern of this project.
In order to find out the wealth ranking of the villagers I employed different types of techniques
and they are as followers:
Demographic Condition: It includes household size, the dependency ration and education
received by adults (both male & female) because education is the way to change their life style.
Economic Conditions: It includes total house hold income from all sources, different kind of
profession of earning member, household equipment, amount of cultivate land.
Finding and analysis:
Group Absolute Frequency
Upper class 2
Middle class 2
Upper Middle class 1
Lower Class 5
Total 10
These classes are discussed in details bellow:

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Upper Class
There are 2 households (out of 10 households) found in upper class during the field work in
Madhya Para. To classify the upper class, the incoming source is a very important part of the
discussion. They were classified in upper class according to their amount of cultivate of land.
Upper class people should have 10/12 ‘’Bigha’’ land in that village. . I also found a person who
is doing job in ACI Company and also have 12 bighas land. Most of the upper class people earn
from different income source, they are not depend on only one income source. Their professions
include govt. employee, business. Their monthly income is more than 25000-30000 tk. The
people of this class can afford building, showcase, almira, tube well, motor, sanitary latrine,
color television, motor cycle etc.
Picture: Upper Class People.

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Upper Middle Class:
There are 1 household (out of 1o households) found in upper middle class during the field work
in Madhya Para. He is classified in upper middle class according to his amount of cultivate of
land. He have different income source besides cultivating his land. We found he is doing grocery
shop in the Mymemsing town. His monthly income is 15000-20000 taka. The people of this class
can afford tube well, sanitary latrine, television, fridge etc.
Middle Class:
There are 2 households (out of 10 households) found in middle class during the field work in
Madhya Para. Agriculture is their main source of income. Middle class people can afford 2-5
Bigha land. But they don’t have sufficient amount of money at the end of year. their monthly
income is limited to the 7500-10000 taka .The people of this class can afford tube well, radio,
cycle, television, etc.
Picture: Middle Class People.

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4 Lower class:
There are 5 households (out of 10 households) found in lower class during the field work in
Madhya Para. The people of lower class can’t afford any cultivable land. If they possess some
land, those are not more than 2 bighas. They work in other’s land. Sometimes they work
seasonally. We found they are doing wood cutting, land cutting, driving, and doing labor works.
Their monthly income is limited to the 3000-6000 taka. Luxury items like television, motor
cycle, fridge are absent in their daily life.
Picture: Lower Class Peoples in Madhya Para.
Joint family
We have found a joint family in Madhya Para. There are 10-12 families remaining together. I
was totally surprised to see such a family which is very rare in our country. We saw, they are
sharing their misery and happiness with each other. I really surprised to see their hospitality.

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Picture: A joint family.
20%
10%
20%
50%
Percentage of Wealth Ranking
Upper Class Upper Middle Class Middle Class Lower Class

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Classification:
By using specific tools and techniques such as interviewing the heads and the other members of
the families, I gathered various information’s. These classifications are mainly done based on
their monthly income and cultivable land. I also kept in mind about their house type, occupation.
Income:
As income is a major indicator of the socio-condition it is very much important to know it
Table: 4.0 Income source of different occupation in different places:
Occupation In the
village
In other
districts
Outside the
country
Percentage
(%)
Agriculture 4 1 - 42.85
Poultry Rearing - - - 23.80
Cattle Rearing 2 - -
Service 2 1 -
Grocerystore 1 1 - 9.52
Transport Worker 3
Others(Daylabour,
woodcutter)
2 - - 9.52
From the table, I can see that most of the villagers income source is his own village.Most of them
is farmer that’s why they cultivate their land.Few people work in out of Madhya Para. I found
two villagers who are service holders and they work in other district and one villager who have a
grocery shop in other district and a person who have a pond ,he sells the fishes in many district
of Bangladesh. During my survey I didn’t found any villagers to work in outside the country.

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Factors Affecting Rural agricultural production
Land
In its simplest form, land is the physical place where economic activity takes place.
However, land also includes all the natural resources found on it. Land is another very important
concern of wealth ranking. Moreover cultivable land is one of the major factors in the rural
economy. Form our fieldwork survey I found that on an average those belong to the rich
category, which have more than 10-12 bigha of land. Out of 10 households there are three
households who are in the rich category, 5-7 bigha of land who are in upper middle class
category, 2-5 bigha of land who have middle class category and the poor people don’t have any
cultivatable land.
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Agriculture Poultry
Rearing
Cattle
Rearing
Service Grocery
Store
In the village
In Other districts
Outside the country

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Labor
It seems obvious, but things can't be produced unless someone makes them. Therefore, another
important factor of production is labor. Labor represents all of the people that are available to
transform resources into goods or services that can be purchased. This factor is somewhat
flexible since different people can be allocated to produce different things..
There are some “Borga Farmer” and Some “Seasonal Farmer”. Borga farmers take borga from
others. And Seasonal Farmers are who produces crops seasonally. In our Para, we found a person
who is known as “Kamla” to others. In Madhya Para most of the farmers have their own
land.There are some family who paid the labor for cutting the crop in a season basis.
Capital
Capital can be the money that companies use to buy resources, as well as the physical assets
companies use when producing goods or services, such as factories and machinery. Capital is an
important factor of production because it's what allows labor and land to be purchased. In
Madhya Para, there are mostly farmers who cultivate their own land or taking “Borga” from

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others. And “Borga” farmers need to take loan for paying the bill of labors or buying fertilizers.
For the capital they bear the cost of the production from their own, or sometimes they take loan
from their relatives or from their neighbor. But theirs neighbor give them loan and alternatively
they take a high amount of interest from them also.
This lady give her neighbor a amount of 60000 Taka as a capital,but her neighbor didn’t
give her money back.
Seasonal Crops Mapping of Madhya Para:
Agriculture is the largest employment sector in Bangladesh. Bangladesh is the fourth largest rice
producing country in the world. Most areas allow three crops a year Rice is grown throughout
the country. In our assigned area “Madhya Para” which is located at Mymensing there are a
plenty of jute and paddy. There are many vegetables which grow in winter season. The villager’s
main income comes from the production of paddy. The paddy is produced in three seasons –
Aman, Aaush and Boro.

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Aman
The largest harvest is Aman, occurring in Kartik and Agrahayon and accounting for more than
half of annual production. Aman harvest is sown in the spring season through the broadcast
method, matures during the summer rains, and is harvested in the fall.
Aaush
The second harvest is Aaush, involving traditional strains but more often including high-
yielding, dwarf varieties. Rice for the Aaush harvest is sown in Vadra month, benefits from April
and May rains, matures during in the summer rain, and is harvested during the summer. With the
increasing use of irrigation, there has been a growing focus on another rice-growing season
extending during the dry season from October to March.
Boro
The production of Boro rice, including high-yield varieties, expanded rapidly after 1971.
Basically it matures in summer season. Two types of Boro are cultivated which are Atash and
Untrish. Where irrigation is feasible, it is normal for fields throughout Bangladesh to produce
rice for two harvests annually. Between rice-growing seasons, farmers do everything possible to
prevent the land from lying fallow and grow vegetables, jute, and mustard.
Vegetable Production
In Madhya para the villagers produce many types of vegetables in winter seasons like leafy
vegetables.The para is also renowned for green chilies. Farmers of the Para are showing more
interest in cultivating green chilli during the current robi session. Farmers are cultivating chilli
with much enthusiasm and showing keen interest as they are getting bumper production of the
variety and earning money from the cultivation. Chilli cultivation is gradually gaining popularity
in the village as the farmers get good return with low labour and production costs. Some people
produce vegetables for their own consumption and the rest of people produce it for the income
purpose.

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Storage Facilities:
As I have seen that most of the villagers are engaged in agriculture, I found only one family who
has store room, where they stored their crops. In Madhya Para, most of the families depends on
‘’Motka or Macha ’’ for their farm product.
Motka is type of big size of container which is made by earth and Macha is made by Bamboo..
The families may have one or more Motka. Availability of proper and adequate storage facilities
helps ensure two things, one is storing of sufficient amount of farm products for consumption
and 2nd one is making of higher profits by selling when the price are high.
In the questionnaires survey among 10 families, it has been found that 56% of the families own
storage facilities. And 11% have store room. Rest 33% families don’t have any storage facility. It
may happen for that those 33% of the family don’t process any cultivable land. This group
doesn’t do any agricultural work.
Amount of land:
The upper class people have huge amount of cultivate land. It’s hard for them to cultivate their
land by themselves, so they give ‘’BORGA’’ to the lower class people.
33%
11%
56%
Figure:Percentage ofStorage Facilities
No Facility
Store Room
Motka/Macha

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Table:7.0 Distribute the number of people by land :-
Amount of land (InBigha) Number Percentage
0.00 5 50%
2.00-5.00 2 20%
5.00-7.00 1 10%
10 or above 2 20%
In Madhya Para, the number of the land owners is almost same as the land less people (based on
10 households). From our survey; I have found that there are 50% land owners, 50% house hold
are landless but some of them cultivate in others land which called taking “Borga”. That means
they have their living place but not have cultivated land. In my point of view the outlook of the
village is good. And maximum people use their land to produce agricultural product. Based on
resources power and amount of land I can draw pyramid chart
Upper class
Upper Middle
Class
Middle Class
Lower Class
Picture: Land ownership based on class.
10 or Above
5.00-7.00
2.00-5.00
0.00

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Agreement regarding Land:
Many kinds of agreements cropped up in different regions of the country. During the survey I
have found that most common agreement in Madhya Para is “BORGA”. Basically lower classes
people don’t have own cultivate land. They only have their home land. Thats why they have to
cultivate others land to feed their mouth. At the same time upper class people have huge land .so
lower class people cultivate the land of the upper class people. When they take the loan, the two
parties means the land owner and the land borrowers make a contract between them. These types
of contracts known as “Borga”.
Leases out Land
Returns the land
With half of the product
Picture: “Borga” system in land agreement.
Borga:
Villagers think that Borga is given to those which are fertilized and capable to produce a large
amount of crop. For this type of agreement sharecroppers takes land from the owner of the land.
The sharecropper bears all the agricultural cost, after production the crops will be divided into 2
parts. Both owners and sharecroppers get equal share of the total production. When I talked with
villagers about borga system, they said that “this is little bit profitable for farmers because they
don’t have to pay money to borrow the land. Sharecroppers are allowed to keep the hay with
Land Owner
(Upper & Middle)
Land Borrower
(Lower class)

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them. In Madhya Para, the owner of the cultivate land are the upper class and middle class.
Sharecroppers are the lower class. Almost all over the Bangladesh usually poor people takes the
land from upper or middle class people.
Borrowing Money:
From this graph I have found that 60 % of the villagers take loan from various organizations that
mean NGOs like Popi, Asha. But 40% villagers never took any loan from NGOs. They take loan,
if they need money badly. Most of the people take loan for their cultivation on land. One
interesting thing is that who never took loan and they are not even interested to take loan.
And who are never take loan, they are belongs to lower class. Because they afraid of high rate of
interest. They said that they have no way to pay this installment because they don’t have any
secondary income sources. If they need money badly, they borrow money from friends or family,
because they think that process is easier than taking loan from NGOs. On the other hand most of
the families take loan very regular basis and they think it’s an easy process. There are some poor
people who take loan from the shomity or NGOs or their neighbor for the cultivation, but after
that if the crop had been damaged by natural disasters or by some other causes they are unable to
pay the loan. In that case, they commit suicide or left the village.
60%
40%
Figure:Percentage ofBorrowing Money
Take Loan
Don't take loan

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Savings:
“..Babare...Din ani…din khai..mash sheshe... hate kichu…thake…na..”
-A poor house wife of Madhya Para
During the survey, when I asked them about their income, expenses and savings, they (Lower
class people) told me that they have no saving for future. They just want to Live and eat three
meals. Because their income is limited , and day by day The price of essential Goods is
increasing.its Very difficult for them to be Saved. But in this case middle class family is
different. because they maintain a strict order and have plan for their future life. They Do not
spend unnecessary. They save for their children and any emergency situations. Most of middle
class villagers are illiterate. So they want to educate their children. they know, the costs of
private and public education are rising every year, and it's getting tougher to meet these
demands.they are already prepared to meet the demand. But upper class families do savings for
their future also. Most of them are highly educated.
Findings :
The topic of my report is economic and rural production. Thats why, I focused on my report
about occupation, income sources, wealth ranking. So at the end, i can say that the present
economic condition of Madhya Para is not so bad and day by day it’s changing. I found that most
of the villagers of Madhya Para is farmer and most of have their own land , few villagers don’t
have any land so they worked as a sharecropper. People of Madhya Para are not depends on only
agricuture,They are engaged another occupation besides agriculture for improving their living
style.
Another income source may be Cattle rearing, milk selling, grocery store. Because in this
occupation they do not give more time. Beside cultivation it’s very easy to maintain. During the
survey I have seen many women who stopped their education because of marriage and household
work. But now They has realized the importance of education that’s why they are determined to
educate their children.

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Most surprising thing is that male and female both are working equally. It’s represent the
positive sign for our economy. In the time of retirement women’s pass their time to stitch
“nokshi katha”. To make this nokshi katha they can earn, and contribute to improve their
financial condition. Women’s helps their husband beside the household work. As most of the
rural women in Bangladesh are engaged with agriculture directly or indirectly, they need to be
equipped with timely and relevant information for the consistent growth in agricultural
production. Government of Bangladesh should concentrate on establishing public libraries and
information centers in the rural areas. Most of the rural areas of Bangladesh share similar
economic history however since bangladesh economy is agro based .
Conclusion:
Our root is the village – from where I come from.
We can achieve all benefit from town but the key source of all product, service and opportunities
we get from our farmers or peasants who are live in unaffiliated areas and work hard to develop
our country. That’s why it’s most important to know our village .Truly I born in city, so I had no
real idea about village. So the twelve days that I spent away from home it was lifetime
experience for me. The trip is fully exceptional in my life. The objectives of LFE were to get the
experience of the rural area of Bangladesh and to understand the rural development process.
After complicating my visit to the Madhya Para I came to know about various features of
villages. I have collected all the information by questionnaire survey. The objectives of LFE will
be fullfill when this experience and knowledge will be use properly in my life.

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“Maria”, she wants to be a doctor.
I found out that the people of Madhya Para are really progressive and fantastic human beings.
They are well mannered and know how to conduct with the people. During the survey I had to
realize that the villagers of Madhya Para were very friendly to me and they can be mixed easily
with stranger. I really surprise to see their hospitality. They have also got the touch of modern
technology and I have seen the impact of this on their life. They are more conscious about their
life, health, education and future. They are following the family planning system and sending
their daughters to the school. The women are also working outside with the men and no one says
anything. From our perspective, this change will be the most effective change in the village. But
there are a few things such as the dowry system, early marriages are plaguing their lives more.
They are really suffering for these things and they should ask for the help of government to save
them from these nasty phenomenon. Otherwise, their wonderful and peaceful life will be ruined
and it will have the impact on all over the country.

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Chapter 6
Health and
Environment
Naimur Rahman
ID #1420766

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Introduction
LFE (Live-in-Field Experience) is one of the unique courses in Independent University,
Bangladesh. LFE program gives opportunities for young generation to spend some days with
rural people and achieve some experience about villagers. LFE is a socio-economic program
about the villagers. LFE is usually held in village side so the urban. Students like us are getting
an opportunity to go to village, meet with villagers, to know about their activity, living hood and
mainly important is to collect information about their socio-economic conditions.
Every young generation and student has to know about many things, at least our country,
Bangladesh. Bangladesh is usually covered with natural beauty. But the beauty not at all, we
have to know about villagers who are the root of our country. We should know about our village
and villagers so that our decision can successful on the way to develop of the overall socio-
economic condition of the country.
We are IUBIAN’s so we should always bear in mind that we will face many problems and we
have to know that how we will recover from it. Our country basically in village sides has many
problems like economic, social, health, education, sanitation etc. As we are LFE student so we
have opportunity to do something, to do something for them so we have to collect their proper
information which data will help for next generation as well as government. We are really
grateful to the authority of IUB for providing us the opportunity to get this authentic experience.
Objective of LFE
IUB students have an opportunity to go to the village and villagers by the help of Live-In-Field
Experience course to know about the real picture of rural life and find out our origin. The
purpose of LFE is manifold. One of the prime objectives of the study is to familiarize us with
socio-economic condition of the villagers. Our lives in the cities are independent from those of
villagers and therefore our only exposure to rural life is via this LFE program. It is important to
gather both positive and negative social changes that have taken place since the liberation. By
studying these changes we can identify with some, determine which changes we should rapidly
adopt and changes and values, which I should refrain from adopting.

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 To have an idea about the economic condition of the villagers, as well as facts,
demographic, social and environmental and health.
 It is about data collection from rural areas.
 To meet with rural areas people and understanding about their living
 Working experience in a field survey.
 To gain knowledge village people living activity, struggle in daily life.
 How to interact with rural people.
 Knowledge about 80% Bangladeshi people.
 Learning and adapting with village culture.
Methodology
Methodology means the procedure, procedure of collecting data. At the beginning of our survey
our teacher's select a village of Mymensingh district. In Mymensingh we were 64 students. At first
we are created 13 groups. Each group consist 5 members just one group was 4 members. Weusedset
of questioners for collect data.
During my field work at Char-Kalibari, Moddho para village, Mymensingh for collecting
Information just like a researcher I had to go to the village 4 days. From the village people through
their active participation I have collected information. In this method, I get an opportunity to judge
the validity of my acquired information by cross-checking it with the opinions of another People
of the village. Here we used the following methods:
We worked as a group. We went to the villagers and asked them questions, and collect the
information. We make presentation based on our collecting information. We questioned 10
different household member same questionnaire to get a vision about their lifestyle, income
source, health consciousness etc.
The interview was taken directly from the villagers and we made sure that we did not break anyrules
of their culture. Group discussion was done among the group members. The orientation program at IUB
was also provided ideas and information regarding the study

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Limitation
Limitation is a common part for each and every journey or plan. Most of the person can`t
reached the zenith of success on account of limitation. Only the clear and good performance can
push out the every problem. And we were unfamiliar with this type of research. Here I have
given some problem while working in field survey. These are like:
 Misguidance: The first problem we faced misguidance of the villagers by giving some
wrong information.
 Limited Time: There was a main problem time limitation. We got a very limited time to
do our fieldwork we believe was not adequate to carry out an extensive research on the
assigned topic.
 Inexpert team: We have a little knowledge about this course and that type of work. Also
we did not have preliminary experience about data collection.
 Miss understanding: We could not collect information about the total amount of land of
the village because the people could not give us the correct information.
 Not enough time: As the rule of LFE was we started work in morning so on that time the
villagers were very much busy with their own work. They were in hurry because they
have to go field. The ladies especially housewife were busy with the household chores.

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Chor-kalibari, Moddho para
Health and Environment
Picture-(1) Health and environment of Chor-kalibari (Moddo para)

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Graph – (1) Health distinction
Physical Activity
Every village people are physically fit. They doing various type of physical hard work. So the
village people are fat less and they normally don’t fall a sick.
Village people physical activities are mainly working in the crop field, keeping pet animal
etcetera. Those physical activity is their profession.
Basically they don’t play any type of game. After collect the crops children playing game. The
village don’t have any playground.
Health
Physical
Activity
Healthy Food
House Waste
Healthy
Environment
Meantal
Health

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Mental Health
70% village people suffer from mental turmoil there are some reasons.
Graph – (2) Mental health
Cause’s of mental turmoil
 Loan: Most of the people taking loan.
 Natural disaster: When the natural disaster spoiled their crops.
 Crop damage: When crops damage for any kind of incident.
 Baby girl: when they give birth a baby girl.
Healthy Food
Most of the village people are eating fresh food. Because most of the food they grow their land
or buy ta rural market. Rural market food are come from near village. So they don’t need to use
any type of preservative.
Day by day their healthy food consuming rate are increasing. You see the chart year 2000 30%
people consume healthy food. Year 2010 55% people consume healthy food and now 2017 85%
people are consuming healthy food. The reason of healthy food consuming rate are increasing,
because the people are now more educated and health conscious.
70%
30%
Meantal Health
Meantal pressure
Mentally happy

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Graph – (3) Healthy food
House Waste
No one of the village people are use dustbin or recycling system for house waste. Every people
throw their waste back of the house, road side or toilet side. This waste pollute their environment
produce bad smell, mosquito, blowfly, disease, germs.
Healthy Environment
80% people don’t use sanitary toilet. They doing loan and build building but don’t build any
sanitary toilet. They said it’s not mandatory or any big issue.
They throw their waste any ware.
Graph – (4) Environment
Picture-(2) Kitchen and toilet of Chor-kalibari (Moddo para)
30%
55%
85%
0%
50%
100%
year 2000 year 2010 year 2017
Healthy food
Healthy food
Environment
Healthy environment
Unhealthy environment

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Disease
Some disease are common in the village and those disease are.
 Gastric : After 35 years old 40% people have this disease. This is a long tearm disease.
 Food poisoning : This is a most common and short tearm disease, it happened when
people don’t eat fresh food.
 Skin disease : 60% people are suffer this disease, it happened when they don’t use fresh
water, fresh cloth and over heating.
 Fever : This is sympton an any other disease.

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Environment
Graph – (5) Environment distinction
Environment is the natural world which is made by the living beings (people, animals and the
plants) and land. Therefore it is the surroundings that affect the behavior and development of a
living being or a thing. The surroundings may be living factors like plants, animals and
decomposers and non-living things like air, water, light, soil etc.
Human beings are the product of the environment. They are an important factor of the
environment. It is the environment that helps us for our survival, growth, development,
reproduction and health. No creature's existence is possible without the balance of the natural
elements. Thus, there must be a healthy environment for our sound living. The healthier the
environment the happier the living beings including humans.
However, knowing that the environment should be clean, healthy and non-polluted, people are
responsible for the degradation of the environment. To fulfill the basic needs they are exploiting
the nature and natural resources. Population growth has given much more pressure on the
environment. On the other hand, loss of environmental quality is the root cause of natural
calamities like flood, landslide and soil erosion. As a result, it has also affected on the health of
people and their way of life. Likewise imbalanced environment is constantly interrupting the
ecosystem or food chain.
Man is nothing but only the product of the environment. So it should be kept in its natural state.
We ought to use natural resources in such a way that it doesn't disturb the natural balance.
Environment
Constructive
# Human
# Animal
# Tree
Nature
# Geographicallocation
# Soil
# Climate
# Water

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Graph – (5) Natural disaster
The crops are attacked by some natural disaster. Those disaster are flood, heavy rain, rock rain,
kalbaisakhi storm.
Flood: Causes of flood the 50% of crops are destroy.
Heavy rain: The 15% of crops are destroy causes of heavy rain.
Rock rain: The 15% of crops are destroy causes of rock rain.
Kalbaisakhi storm: This rain destroy 20% of crops.
Pollution
Char kali-bari, Moddho Para village starting in the waste dump, this dump is very harmful for
village people, tree, crops, animal and overall environment.
When raining the waste dump produce polluted water, this water damage the crops, pollute the
river water and fishes are die.
When sun is shining highly this waste dump produce bad small. This smell pollute more than
four kilometer area. When people taking this smell they feel sick, don’t eat food and they feel
some other problem. And there pet animal production power also decreasing causes of waste
dump.This waste dump produce mosquito, blowfly, disease and germs.
The villagers use power tiller, shallow machine and some other machine for their farming
purpose. This machine are making bad noise and pollute the air. When villagers cock their food
they use wood and make smoke and pollute air. But this pollution percentage are small.
Natural disaster
Flood
Heavy rain
Rock rain
Kalbishakhi storm

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Picture-(3) Waste dump effect of Chor-kalibari (Moddo para)
Picture-(4) Waste dump of Chor-kalibari (Moddo para)
Solution
Is my personal opinion, if government build a big size biogas plant. They produce biogas and sell
this for villagers and decrease air pollution. This plant also produce organic fertilizer and
fertilized the crop land.
This plant consume air pollution, polluted water, mosquito, blowfly, disease and germs save the
environment.

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Conclusion
Bangladesh has covered full of natural beauty with green area in rural place. Independent
University, Bangladesh has offered us LFE program and give us opportunity to know about the
rural Bangladesh. It was a god gifted chance to feel the villagers activity, beautiful scenario of
village sides which all of remains in our mind. Our survey for villagers was so remarkable. It
was an only one experience in our life which never be forgotten with lots of memories. Our field
work happened in selected village. Every morning we went there and started to do survey in
selected houses. Both adult and household questionnaire are very needed to know for fill up the
questions. While doing this work we have faced many problems but we IUBIAN’s were get out
that problems and successfully done every work. It was a great feeling that being a part of this
LFE. Health and environment condition of these villagers were poor because of their poor
income. All of this successful working is completed because of BLC, monitor, our coordinator
and LFE monitors. They have supported and helped us always. Last of all I just wanted to say I
have learnt many things which are directly connected with practical life and it will be a great
help, meet with villagers, lots of know about village activity.

Lfe repot spring 2017,mymensing

Lfe repot spring 2017,mymensing

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Lfe repot spring 2017,mymensing