Typisierung

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Florian Herlings

Tecnologia

Typisierung?
• Festlegen des Typs einer Variablen

Typisierung?
• Festlegen des Typs einer Variablen
• Das System kann überprüfen ob eine
Verletzung des Typsystems vorliegt
Vermeidung von Laufzeitfehlern

Typisierung?
• Festlegen des Typs einer Variablen
• Das System kann überprüfen ob keine
Verletzung des Typsystems vorliegt
Vermeidung von Laufzeitfehlern
• Das System kann die richtige Menge
Speicher für die Variable reservieren
Speicheroptimierung

Wonach unterscheidet man?

statisch dynamisch
stark schwach
explizit implizit

statisch:
der Compiler prüft (ob alles korrekt ist)

dynamisch:
keiner prüft (Problem: Laufzeitfehler)

String s = "Hallo";
s = s.gehNachHause();

String s = "Hallo";
s = s.gehNachHause();

statisch typisiert:
Compiler „meckert“,
Programm startet nicht

String s = "Hallo";
s = s.gehNachHause();

dynamisch typisiert:
Programm startet,
läuft bis zu dieser Stelle,
schmiert ab

stark:
zwischen den Typen wird
streng unterschieden
schwach:
das System versucht die Daten
in den geforderten Typ
zu konvertieren

i = 42;
s = "8";
ergebnis = i + s;

stark typisiert:
Fehler zur Kompilierungs-
oder Lauf-Zeit

i = 42;
s = "8";
ergebnis = i + s;

schwach typisiert:
s wird konvertiert,
ergebnis ist 50.

explizit:
Datentyp einer Variable MUSS
genannt werden
implizit:
Datentyp wird ermittelt

int i = 42;
String s = "8";

explizit typisiert:
Datentyp wird genannt.

i = 42;
s = "8";

implizit typisiert:
Datentyp wird ermittelt.

Beispiel: Java?

statisch dynamisch
stark schwach
explizit implizit

Beispiel: C?

statisch dynamisch
stark schwach
explizit implizit

Beispiel: C#

statisch dynamisch
stark schwach
explizit implizit
int i = 2;
var j = 3;

Beispiel: PHP?

statisch dynamisch
stark schwach
explizit implizit

Beispiel: Python?

statisch dynamisch
stark schwach
explizit implizit

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Typisierung

1. Typisierung

2. Typisierung? • Festlegen des Typs einer Variablen

3. int i = 42;

4. Typisierung? • Festlegen des Typs einer Variablen • Das System kann überprüfen ob eine Verletzung des Typsystems vorliegt Vermeidung von Laufzeitfehlern

5. Typisierung? • Festlegen des Typs einer Variablen • Das System kann überprüfen ob keine Verletzung des Typsystems vorliegt Vermeidung von Laufzeitfehlern • Das System kann die richtige Menge Speicher für die Variable reservieren Speicheroptimierung

6. Wonach unterscheidet man? statisch dynamisch stark schwach explizit implizit

7. statisch: der Compiler prüft (ob alles korrekt ist) dynamisch: keiner prüft (Problem: Laufzeitfehler)

8. String s = "Hallo"; s = s.gehNachHause();

9. String s = "Hallo"; s = s.gehNachHause(); statisch typisiert: Compiler „meckert“, Programm startet nicht

10. String s = "Hallo"; s = s.gehNachHause(); dynamisch typisiert: Programm startet, läuft bis zu dieser Stelle, schmiert ab

11. stark: zwischen den Typen wird streng unterschieden schwach: das System versucht die Daten in den geforderten Typ zu konvertieren

12. i = 42; s = "8"; ergebnis = i + s;

13. i = 42; s = "8"; ergebnis = i + s; stark typisiert: Fehler zur Kompilierungs- oder Lauf-Zeit

14. i = 42; s = "8"; ergebnis = i + s; schwach typisiert: s wird konvertiert, ergebnis ist 50.

15. explizit: Datentyp einer Variable MUSS genannt werden implizit: Datentyp wird ermittelt

16. int i = 42; String s = "8"; explizit typisiert: Datentyp wird genannt.

17. i = 42; s = "8"; implizit typisiert: Datentyp wird ermittelt.

18. Beispiel: Java? statisch dynamisch stark schwach explizit implizit

19. Beispiel: Java statisch dynamisch stark schwach explizit implizit

20. Beispiel: C? statisch dynamisch stark schwach explizit implizit

21. Beispiel: C statisch dynamisch stark schwach explizit implizit

22. Beispiel: C#? statisch dynamisch stark schwach explizit implizit

23. Beispiel: C# statisch dynamisch stark schwach explizit implizit int i = 2; var j = 3;

24. Beispiel: PHP? statisch dynamisch stark schwach explizit implizit

25. Beispiel: PHP statisch dynamisch stark schwach explizit implizit

26. Beispiel: Python? statisch dynamisch stark schwach explizit implizit

27. Beispiel: Python statisch dynamisch stark schwach explizit implizit

28. Fragen!

Typisierung

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