Public relations (PR) involves shaping and maintaining a positive image for a company, organization, or individual in the eyes of various audiences. PR professionals work behind the scenes to position clients favorably through tools like press releases, media outreach, and researching public opinion. PR has several advantages over advertising, including being more targeted and cost-effective at reaching audiences, and helping with efforts like product launches and image building. Key differences between PR and advertising are that PR focuses on shaping perceptions rather than direct selling, and relies on securing free publicity rather than paid placements.