System development life cycle

SYSTEM/SOFTWARE
DEVELOPMENT LIFE
CYCLE.(SDLC)
FATHIMA BINTH SALAM
M.TECH
TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT
ROLL NO:14
1

CONTENTS
1. System development lifecycle
2. Phases of sdlc
3. Models of sdlc
4. Conclusion
5. Reference
2

SYSTEM /SOFTWARE LIFE CYCLE
 The key person in SDLC is system analyst.
 SystemDLC is the systematic approach that analyst
take to analysis and design of information system
 SoftwareDLC is a process followed for a software
project within a software organization
 The life cycle defines a methodology for improving
the quality of system and the overall development
process
3

PHASES /STAGES OF SDLC
 Building an information system is similar to building
a house
 Several phases in sdlc can occur simultaneously
and activities can be repeated
 There are 6 phases/stages for SDLC.They are
1. Planning
2. Defining
3. Designing
4. Implementation/Building/testing
5. Maintance
6. Deployment 4

PHASES SOFTWARE/SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT LIFE CYCLE
5

1.PLANNING (WHY BUILD THE SYSTEM)
 Fundamental process of understanding why an
information system is built.
 2 steps
1. Project initiation-identifies and analyse the
organization information system requirement and
conduct feasibility analysis.
2. Project management-project manager create work
plan and staff the project
6

2.DEFINING REQUIREMENT/ANALYSIS
It is based on who ,what ,when ,where will the system
be?
 Steps
1. Analysis the current system problem
2. Information gathering(interviews or
questionnaires)
 System concept ,process model ,datamodel is
developed.
 Analyses ,system concept,data model,process
model are combined as system proposal which is
presented to the approval committee to decide
the project should continue or not.
7

3.DESIGNING THE PRODUCT ARCHITECTURE
 It is based on how will the system works/operates
 Steps
1. Develop design strategy
2. Develop architecture design
3. Develop interface design
4. Develop database and file specification
5. Develop program design
 Collection of architecture design ,interface
design,database and file specification,program
design is called system specification which is
handled to the programming team for
implementation. 8

4.IMPLENTATION/SYSTEM DELIVERY
 Actual development of the system or product is
built.
 Steps
1. Coding-programmers write programs
2. Testing-programmer and analyst test individual
programs and entire system to find errors and
correct it.
3. Installation-application software is installed in
hardware.
4. Support-documentation and training program are
provided to teach the users how to use the new
system.
9

5.MAINTAINCE AND 6.DEPLOYMENT
 Information system is systematically repaired and
improved depending on organisation need and
programmer modify the system to reflect changing
business condition.
 The product is released according to market
strategy and feedback are collected ,maintaince is
provided inorder to meet the requirement.
10

TYPES OF SDLC MODELS.
Some models of SDLC are
1. Waterfall model.
2. Incremental /iterative model.
3. V model
4. Spiral model.
5. Rad model. 11

1.WATERFALL MODEL.
 Waterfall model is also called as linear lifecycle
model or classical lifecycle model.
 Simple to understand and easy to use.
 Each phase must be completed before next phase
begins and there is no overlapping in the phase.i.e,
outcome of one phase act as the input for the next
phase. 12

WATERFALL MODEL SDLC
14
 Advantages
1. Simple to understand
and use
2. Easy to manage
3. Clearly defined stages
 Disadvantages
1. High amount of risk
2. Not a good model for
complex and object
oriented project
3. Cannot accommodate
changing requirement
4. Customer patience is
required, since
product delivery takes
long time.

2.INCREMENTAL/ITERATIVE MODEL.
 Develops a system through repeated
cycles(iterative) and in smaller portions at a time
(incremental)
 Doesnot attempts to start with full specification of
requirement
 At each iteration ,design modification are made and
functional capabilites are added.
15

2.INCREMENTAL/ITERATIVE MODEL.
16

INCREMENTAL/ITERATIVE MODEL SDLC
17
 Advantages
1. Results obtained early
and periodically
2. Progress can be
measured
3. Less costly
4. Testing is easy
5. Risk analysis is better
 Disadvantages
1. More resources is
required
2. Not suitable for
smaller projects

3.V MODEL SDLC
 Vmodel sdlc is the validation /verification sdlc
 Extention of waterfall model.
 Every single phase in the development cycle ,there
is a directly associted testing phase.
 Highly disciplined model
 Next phase starts only after completion of the
previous phase.
 Verification phase is on one side of the ‘v’ and
validation phase is on the other side.Coding phase
joins the two sides of the v-model.
18

V MODEL SDLC
20
 Advantages
1. Highly disciplined
model
2. Work well for smaller
projects
3. Simple and easy to
understand
4. Easy to manage
 Disadvantages
1. High risk and
uncertainty
2. Not a good model for
complex projects

4.SPIRAL MODEL SDLC
 Combination of incremental model and waterfall
model with high emphasis on risk analysis
 4 phases.
1. Identification-gathering business requirement in
the spiral base line.At the end of the spiral the
product is deployed in the identified market
2. Design-start conceptual design
3. Construction/build-production of software product
at every spiral.Product at the base line is called
anchor point milestone or proof of concept(POC)
4. Evalution and risk analysis-customer feedback is
collected and implemented 21

SPIRAL MODEL SDLC
23
 Advantages
1. Requirements can be
captured more
accurately
2. User can see system
more early
3. Changing requirement
can be accommodated
 Disadvantages
1. Management is more
complex
2. Not suitable for small
projects
3. Process is complex

5.RAD MODEL SDLC
 Rapid application development(RAD) model uses
minimal planning to favour rapid prototyping
 Prototype is a working model that is functionally
equivalent to component of the product
 In rad model the functional model are developed in
parallel as prototypes and are integrated to make
the complete product for faster delivery
24

RAD MODE SDLC
26
 Advantages
1. Progress can be
measured
2. Reduced development
time
3. Changing requirement
can be accommodated
4. Increases reusability of
components
 Disadvantages
1. Requires highly skilled
developers
2. Inapplicable to
cheaper projects
3. Management
complexity is more

CONCLUSION
 Sdlc –system/software development life cycle is a
framework defining tasks performed at each step in a
development process of a system/software.
 It has mainly 6 phases/stages
 It has several sdlc model are there. They are
1. Waterfall model
2. Incremental/iterative model
3. V model
4. Spiral model
5. Rad model.
27

REFERENCE
 System analysis and design-Alan Dennis, Barbara
Haley Wixom
 System analysis and design-Kendall &Kendall
28

System development life cycle

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