http://www.fao.org/asiapacific/events/detail-events/en/c/1262/ Presentation of Zainal Fual, from Indonesian Peasant Union, on the transition from Food Security to Food Sovereignty. The presentation was prepared and delivered in occasion of the Regional Symposium on Agroecology in Asia and the Pacific, held in Bangkok, Senegal on 24-26 November 2015. © FAO: http://www.fao.org

1. Food Sovereignty
By
Zainal Arifin Fuad
Indonesian Peasant Union
La Via Campesina – International Peasant Movement
Bangkok, 25 November 2015
Presentation of
The Results of two Asia Wide Food Producers Meetings
on Agro ecology

2. Food
Sovereignty:
The Results of two Asia Wide
Food Producers Meetings on
Agro Ecology
Agro ecology Movement
( Taking back Peasant/People
Food System )
Food
Security
Logical Frame - Presentation

3. Food
Sovereignty:
Agro ecology Movement
( Taking back Peasant/People
Food System )
Logical Frame -
Colombo
Declaration
2010
Surin
Declaration
2012
Nyeleni Forum ( International
Forum of Agroecology
- 2007 and 2015
Food
Security

4. Agroecology is a way of life and the language
of Nature, that we learn as her children.
It is not a mere set of technologies or production
practices. It cannot be implemented the same
way in all territories.
Rather it is based on principles that, while they
may be similar across the diversity of our
territories, can and are practiced in many
different ways, with each sector contributing
their own colors of their local reality and culture,
while always respecting Mother Earth and our
common, shared values.
 Food sovereignty is the right of peoples to healthy and culturally appropriate food
produced through sustainable methods and their right to define their own food and
agriculture systems.
 It puts the aspirations, needs and livelihoods of those who produce, distribute and consume
food at the heart of food systems and policies rather than the demands of markets and
corporations.
 Food sovereignty prioritizes local food production and consumption.
 It gives a country the right to protect its local producers from imports, and to control
production.

5. FOOD SOVEREIGNTY-
Peasant Movement –
“Food, Fuel, Climate, Biodiversity, Economy Crisis”
“Land
water
&
seed”
Small-
medium
Field
Plantation/
Monoculture
Small
Medium
Large
Industry
Short distance
Transportation
Medium/long
Transportation
Altntf
Fossil
Fuel
Peasants
Agriculture/
Family
Agribussines
Company
( Corporation)
Agroecology
Green Revo./
Biotechnology/
GMO
Food Security

6. Food
Sovereignty:
Agro ecology
Movement
Global Food Regime ( 1500- 1945– now) :
Green Revolution and Industrial Agriculture
Food Security
Global Food Regime : Green Revolution, Industrial Agriculture, Free Market are on the ‘track” with
and to achieve Food Security (Food security exists when all people, at all times, have physical, social and
economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food which meets their dietary needs and food preferences
for an active and healthy life)
Agro ecology
Land Grabbing
Through Colonialism +
Imperialism
( Green Revolution,Industrial Agriculture, Free Market)
Peasants are now as End-user
Of Production inputs, such as seed,
Pectiside, chemical fertilizer
No incentive for Peasants
in Supply-chain,
Weakness under Market
Mechanism

7. Global Food, Trade, Climate and Financial Regime
World Bank/ADB :
SAP & Land Market
( Land Bank
WTO
Bali Package –
Trade Facilitation
Peasant as
Victim Poverty and Hunger
Asean FTA,
RCEP, TPP
Loi –IMF:
Deregulation
Privatitation
Liberalization
Agribussiness Companies
Market of
Agrarian
Resourcess
Market of
Consumers
Goods
Agrarian Conflict
Green Revolution and
Biotechnology
Seed Treaty –
ITPGFRA, UPOV
( Seed Paten)
Asean Economic Community
Investment Zone
Climate Regime
( REDD, Climate
Smart Agriculture)

8. Traditional
Breeding Farmers /
Participatory
Breeding Center-based
breeding Corporate Seed
Technology
Traditional Varieties/
Landraces
Farmer-developed
varieties
HYVs/
Modern
varieties
Hybrid
Seeds
GMOs Terminator
Technology
(GURTs)
Free and Open
Access
Centralized /Regulated
Access
Privatized /
Monopolized Access
Through IPRs
CBD & ITPGRFA WTO, FTAs, UPOV
Traditional
Seed
System
Participatory,
Collaborative
Formal
Seed Systems
Corporate
Seed Systems
Global Food Regime ( 1500- 1945– now) :
Green Revolution and Industrial Agriculture
Smbr: Searice,2014:

10. World’s Top 10 Seed Companies, 2011
Rank Company Seed Sales, 2011
US$ millions
% Market
Share
1 Monsanto 8,953 26.0
2 DuPont Pioneer (USA) 6,261 18.2
3 Syngenta (Switzerland) 3,185 9.2
4 Vilmorin (France) (Groupe Limagrain) 1,670 4.8
5 WinField (USA) (Land O Lakes) 1,346 (est.) 3.9
6 KWS (Germany) 1,226 3.6
7 Bayer Cropscience (Germany) 1,140 3.3
8 Dow AgroSciences (USA) 1,074 3.1
9 Sakata (Japan) 548 1.6
10 Takii & Company (Japan) 548 1.6
Total Top 10 25,951 75.3

11. World’s Top 10 Agrochemical Companies, 2011
Rank Company Crop Protection
Sales, 2011 US$ millions
% Market
Share
1 Syngenta (Switzerland) 10,162 23.1
2 Bayer Cropscience (Germany) 7,522 17.1
3 BASF (Germany) 5,393 12.3
4 Dow AgroSciences (USA) 4,241 9.6
5 Monsanto (USA) 3,240 7.4
6 DuPont Pioneer (USA) 2,900 6.6
7 Makhteshim-Agan Industries
(Israel) acquired by China NACC
2,691 6.1
8 Nufarm (Australia) 2,185 5.0
9 Sumitomo Chemical (Japan) 1,738 3.9
10 Arysta LifeScience (Japan) 1,504 3.4
Total top 10 41,576 94.5

12. World’s Top 10 Fertilizer Companies, 2011
Rank Company 2011 Sales
US$ millions
% Market
Share
1 Yara (Norway) 10,277 6.4
2 Agrium Inc. (Canada) 10.113 6.3
3 The Mosaic Company (USA) 9,938 6.2
4 PotashCorp (Canada) 8,715 5.4
5 CF Industries (USA) 6,098 3.8
6 Sinofert Holdings Ltd. (China) 5,760 3.6
7 K+S Group (Germany) 4,349 2.7
8 Israel Chemicals Ltd. (Israel) 3,836 2.4
9 Uralkali (Russia) (includes
Silvinit sales May-Dec. 2011)
3,496 2.2
10 Bunge Ltd. (USA) * acquired by
Yara in late 2013
3,147 2.0
Total top 10 65,710 41%

14. Food Insecurity 2015:
International Year of Cooperative -2012:
International Year of Family Farming -2014:
International Year of Soil -2015:
To Reduce Poverty ; Zero Hunger
( Good Initiaf of FAO):

15. Food
Sovereignty:
Agro ecology Movement
( Awareness and Moving
Forward)
Strengthening Member Peasant Organization and Public Police
Farmer’s Field
School
Farmer
to Farmer
Public Policy at
International, Regional
and National Level
Food
Security
Communication
Research
Network

16. Region and Thematic Working Group of La Via Campesina
Region
Europa
Thematic
Working
Group
Africa I
South East &
East Asia
South Asia
Africa II
South America
Central Amerika
North Amerika
Caribbean
Land, Water and Territory
Biodiversity & Genetic resources
Peasant Rights
Migration and rural worker
Food Sovereigty & Trade
Woman
Youth
Agroecology
Public Policy
UN-FAO
( Seed, Land,
AgroEcology
etc – IPC, CFS,
CSM)
UN-IFAD
( Farmer’s
Forum)
UN-Human
Rights
UN-FCC
WTO
Strong Position
and Collaboration
of Peasant
Organization and
Social Movement
/Civil Society

17. Region and Thematic Working Group of La Via Campesina
Public Policy
UN-Human
Rights
The Draft Declaration
Peasant Right
And People Who work in
Rural Area

18. INDONESIAN PEASANT UNION (SPI) –
Activities : Field School & Food Day

19. INDONESIAN PEASANT UNION (SPI) –
Activities : Field School, Exchange, Action, Network

20. INDONESIAN PEASANT UNION (SPI) –
Activities : Field School, Exchange, Action, Network

21. Surin Declaration on Agreo ecology - 2012
 Thailand has been chosen as the place of the meeting because in this country there is a growing shift
made by small-scale farmers to move from the green revolution based model of industrial farming into
agroecology.
 Agroecology is the corner stone of food sovereignty. We cannot achieve food sovereignty if agriculture is
dependent of inputs controlled by corporations, if the impact of technology destroys Mother Earth, if
we do not challenge the commodification and speculation of food and land, and if we do not make better
livelihoods for those who make available healthy and accessible food to our communities.
 There are countless names for agroecological farming all over the world and Via Campesina is not
concerned with names or labels, whether agroecology, organic farming, natural farming, low external input
sustainable agriculture, or others, but rather wants to specify the key ecological, social and political
principles that the movement defends.
 We are clear that a feudal land holding cannot be considered agroecological even if it is chemically free. A
farm that is controlled only by men without decision making power for women or if women's global
workload is higher, it is not agroecological either. Organic farming which replaces expensive chemical
inputs for expensive organic ones without touching the structure of monoculture is not agroecological,
such as in the way neoliberal “organic” programs (such as “India Organics” ) do, and which we strongly
reject.
 Through agroecology we will transform the hegemonic food production model; permitting the recovery of
the agricultural ecosystem, reestablishing the functioning of the nature-society metabolism, and harvesting
products to feed humanity. As the Philippine farmers say “Kabuhanan, Kalusugan, Kalikasan” (for
economy, for health, and for Nature).

22. Surin Declaration on Agreo ecology - 2012
 For us, as peasant farmers and family farmers, agroecology is also an instrument to confront
transnational agribusiness and the predominant agri-export model. We won't liberate farmers from
the structure of oppression built up by the corporations unless we gain technological and economical
autonomy from the current forms of agrarian and financial capital. Also, within the context of farm
workers and other agricultural laborers as in the case of the U.S., if we do not recover this labor force that
has been being enslaved by capital. Therefore, agroecology is an essential part of the construction of
social justice in a new equal social system, not dominated by capital.
 Agroecology is giving a new meaning to the struggle for agrarian reform to empower the people...
land reform, together with agroecology, has become the contribution of peasant and family farmers to
give better and healthier food to our societies. In Argentina we stand behind this affirmation by saying
“somos tierra para alimentar a los pueblos” (we are land, to feed the peoples).
 Agroecology is also an alternative for rural youth to stay in the countryside and have a dignified
livelihood, as well to stay committed to food production and distribution for the community. These are who
will feed future generations.
 For 20 years la Via Campesina has fought strongly for land reform, and in this historical moment, it needs
to reflect on its practice to qualify it. As Brazilian landless workers shout “ocupar, resistir, produzir!”
(occupy, resist, produce!), peasants around the world are already fighting for land, resisting to defend it,
and now, we define that agroecological farming will feed the people. It's time to produce.

23. “Everything else can wait, but not agriculture ( Nehru)
Agriculture is about Life or Die of Nation ( Soekarno)
Globalize The Struggle – Globalize Hope
Thank You