Abap Output list

ABAP Output List
&
ALV – ABAP List Viewer

ABAP Output list & ALV ABAP List Viewer

ABAP Output List Page 2


1 Introduction
In this session, we will discuss the ABAP List Viewer, for the outputting of an ABAP report in
a particular format. In classical ABAP reporting, the output lists are generated by WRITE
statements. In this section, we will discuss how the list generation can be done in a normal
ABAP report and how the same can be achieved via ALV List Display.

2 Pre- Requisites
For understanding the ABAP List Generation, we would need to traverse through the
transaction codes

SE38 – ABAP Editor
SE37 – Function Builder
SE11 – Data Dictionary

3 Simple List Creation via ABAP statements
In the business case we had been considering for our sessions, we had been trying to
analyze the current market trends on salary against the current salary structure of
employees.

Any end user would want to see the results of the analysis to be available for them to
discuss the further actions that needs to be taken based on these analytics.

In this section we would looking into various options that are available for the output
generation available via ABAP.

3.1 Simple List Generation
As in any other software development language, ABAP also has a list of statements that will
generate the outputs on the screen / in spool for a particular execution of query or
program. The main statement that can generate a simple output is the WRITE statement.

The WRITE statement has various optional parameters that enable the formatting of the
output being generated.

A simple WRITE statement follows the syntax below

WRITE: ‘text’, value.


This text enclosed between the ‘’ are outputted as they are and the value indicates any
value that the report has derived and wants to be outputted. This can be string, integer,
character or any data type.

Now, considering the business case, we would start off with outputting the heading of the
output list – the purpose of the output .Let us say “MARKET ANALYSIS- SALARY TRENDS’

To achieve this, we would have to put “MARKET ANALYSIS- SALARY TRENDS” as it is
without any modifications .So it can be achieved by the simple statement WRITE as shown
below.

Code Snippet:

Report Output:

The first line that the report has provided in the output screen is the name of the report
maintained in the report attribute

Towards the right hand corner we could see ’1’ which is again the page number, which is
provided on default by the report during the output generation.

Since the heading is preferably aligned to the center of the screen, we may need to add
few format options also along with the WRITE statements to make it possible. To make a
text/ output justified to Center, we add the option CENTRE-JUSTIFIED at the end of this
statement as shown below

WRITE: / ‘MARKET ANALYSIS- SALARY TRENDS’ CENTERED.

Similarly to make an output RIGHT JUSTIFIED, the addition of RIGHT JUSTIFIED needs to be
used instead of CENTERED or LEFT JUSTIFIED for the left justification of the output of a
particular line .


Code Snippet:

To make a value be outputted to next line we use ‘/’ along with the WRITE statement as
shown below. The next information that we may have to make available is the period for
the analysis is being made – analysis of current financial year’s market trend or as per the
value the end user has provided on the selection screen.

Code Snippet:

Report Output:

If the new line feature represented by / is avoided, the output of the report would be
similar to as shown below

Code Snippet:

Report Output:



Now, considering the fact that an ERP landscape could be spread across multiple locations
of an company across globe and that end users would prefer to see the data in their own
preferred languages (that SAP currently supports),providing them in the ‘’ will not be
ensure that this can be achieved . To achieve this, the text symbols needs to be used.

3.1.1 Text symbols
Text symbols are generated with the prefix of TEXT-nnn where nnn stands for any
alphanumeric of length 3. For e.g.: text-001 or text-n01.

Write: / text-n00 would output the value maintained in the text-symbols. Once a
preferred translation is maintained for the symbols, the value will be displayed, as per
the logon language.

Code
Snippet:

To Assign the text to text-001,

Step 1: double click on text-011.

Step 2: A new pop up window appears as shown below

Step 3: Press “Yes” to continue to map the string to the text-001.


Step 4: Save the report before proceeding further

Step 5: A new window appears as shown below

Step 6 : Maintain MARKET ANALYSIS- SALARY TRENDS’ against 001 and activate the text
symbol .

So in our case, ‘MARKET ANALYSIS- SALARY TRENDS’ is assigned to text-000.

This also ensures that the literals inside the coding are reduced to a minimum and the
mantainence of the code will be reduced as this ensures easy change of values for a
common point.

To maintain the different language equivalents, translation of this string has to be
maintained

To maintain these translations, the user has to have the following authorization object
S_TRANSLAT linked to their user name/role assigned.

For e.g.: if the German equivalent has to be maintained for the same string so that your
German counterpart can view the information in German while logging using “DE” as
the logon language.

If ‘MARKET ANALYSIS- SALARY TRENDS’ is translated as ‘MARKT ANALYSE-GEHALT
TRENDS’ in German, and this has to be assigned to the text-001, the

Step 1: Go to the menu “GO TO”

Step 2: Scroll to the option of “Translation” below this menu



Step 3: A pop window appears where in the language has to be provided where the
translation is to be provided.

In our case we are to maintain the German translation for the above mentioned
string “DE”

Step 4: Press “F4” function button to get the language key for German. A pop up
appears with the available languages and its corresponding keys.

Step 5: Select “DE” the German language

Step 6: Press “Enter” to translate this text symbol.


Step 7: If a message appears saying “No authorization assigned”, type in the tcode
“SU53” in the same session.

A new window appears providing you the information of the type of access a
user has for the current transaction as shown below

In such cases this authorization object has to be assigned by the people
responsible for the user maintenance.

If the user has the authorization to maintain the translation, a new window
would appear where the German text could be provided and once done, press
“enter” and activate the same for the initial screen.

3.1.2 Underline
The heading sometimes needs to be underlined and this is achieved by the usage of the
SY-ULINE in addition to WRITE statement as shown below:

Code Snippet

Write :/0(20) -> this indicates that from position 0 to position 20, an underline has to be
provided

To underline the heading information

Code Snippet:

Report Output:


3.1.3 Color and highlight
COLOR ON / COLOR OFF help to assign a specific color to the output list as the end user
needs – to highlight a value or for formatting purpose.

Code Snippet

Report Output

This addition needs to be maintained for each WRITE statement. After the keyword
“COLOR” one of the following constants has to be assigned to get the correct color for
highlighting the text

COL_BACKGROUND } 0 GUI-specific
{ 1 | COL_HEADING } 1 Gray-blue
{ 2 | COL_NORMAL } 2 Light gray
{ 3 | COL_TOTAL } 3 Yellow
{ 4 | COL_KEY } 4 Blue-green
{ 5 | COL_POSITIVE } 5 Green
{ 6 | COL_NEGATIVE } 6 Red
{ 7 | COL_GROUP } 7 Violet

3.2 TOP OF PAGE
As per the report generated, the heading of the output needs to be present always on the
top of every page that may be generated. For achieving this, we can you use one of the 7
events that a report has -the event TOP-OF-PAGE.

Code Snippet


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