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Chief	
  Host,	
  
Speakers,	
  
Leaders	
  of	
  government	
  In	
  Ekiti	
  State,	
  
Leaders	
  of	
  Entrepreneurs,	
  
Distinguished	
  Ladies	
  and	
  Gentlemen.	
  
	
  
I	
   am	
   honored	
   to	
   return	
   to	
   Ado	
   Ekiti,	
   this	
   time	
   to	
   help	
   set	
   the	
   tone	
   for	
   a	
  
summit	
   on	
   the	
   economy	
   of	
   Ekiti,	
   with	
   the	
   great	
   prospects	
   for	
   social	
  
harmony	
   and	
   political	
   progress	
   that	
   are	
   consequent	
   on	
   economic	
  
prosperity.	
  
	
  
As	
  I	
  address	
  you	
  today,	
  I	
  cannot	
  but	
  recall	
  my	
  visit	
  here	
  a	
  little	
  over	
  four	
  
years	
   ago.	
   	
   I	
   spoke	
   at	
   the	
   declaration	
   of	
   gubernatorial	
   candidate.	
   	
   Dr.	
  
Kayode	
   Fayemi.	
   	
   I	
   spoke	
   then	
   of	
   the	
   possibilities	
   of	
   human	
   imagination.	
  	
  
If	
   you	
   can	
   dream	
   it,	
   I	
   had	
   said,	
   you	
   can	
   make	
   it	
   happen.	
   	
   The	
  
opportunity	
   to	
   make	
   it	
   happen	
   then	
   got	
   held	
   back	
   by	
   the	
   politics	
   of	
  
electoral	
   process	
   controversy.	
   	
   	
   Not	
   so	
   long	
   ago,	
   the	
   hand	
   of	
   God	
   set	
  
that	
   challenge	
   aside	
   and	
   Governor	
   Fayemi	
   was	
   sworn	
   in	
   and	
   named	
   his	
  
team.	
   	
   I	
   had	
   the	
   pleasure	
   of	
   joining	
   the	
   team	
   at	
   their	
   frame	
   setting	
  
retreat	
   in	
   Iloko	
   to	
   share	
   from	
   my	
   perspective	
   on	
   the	
   bottlenecks	
   to	
  
making	
   dreams	
   come	
   true	
   and	
   the	
   discipline	
   of	
   working	
   to	
   advance	
   the	
  
interest	
  of	
  a	
  majority	
  of	
  the	
  citizens.	
  	
  Today,	
  I	
  am	
  happy	
  to	
  lay	
  out	
  some	
  
critical	
  issues	
  to	
  actualizing	
  dreams	
  for	
  a	
  people	
  like	
  those	
  of	
  Ekiti	
  who	
  
are	
  rich	
  in	
  tradition	
  and	
  great	
  in	
  expectations.	
  
	
  
The	
   first	
   question	
   I	
   want	
   to	
   pose	
   to	
   this	
   August	
   gathering	
   is	
   why	
   seek	
  
prosperity?	
   	
   In	
   effect	
   I	
   am	
   asking	
   why	
   we	
   are	
   gathered	
   here	
   for	
   an	
  
economic	
   summit	
   or	
   interactive	
   session	
   between	
   the	
   government	
   and	
  
the	
  private	
  sector.	
  
	
  
WHY	
  SEEK	
  PROSPERITY	
  
For	
  millennia	
  man	
  made	
  progress	
  very	
  slowly	
  and	
  was	
  not	
  much	
  caught	
  
up	
  in	
  the	
  rush	
  for	
  material	
  advance,	
  even	
  though	
  it	
  will	
  be	
  erroneous	
  to	
  
suggest	
   he	
   made	
   no	
   progress	
   all	
   those	
   centuries.	
   	
   He	
   not	
   only	
  
discovered	
  fire	
  to	
  roast	
  the	
  product	
  of	
  his	
  hunt,	
  he	
  went	
  from	
  hunting	
  
to	
   farming.	
   	
   But	
   Jams	
   Watt	
   redesigned	
   the	
   steam	
   engine	
   and	
   made	
  
power	
   based	
   production	
   possible,	
   with	
   quantum	
   leap	
   in	
   material	
  
advance.	
   All	
   the	
   progress	
   one	
   can	
   say	
   comes	
   from	
   the	
   essence	
   of	
   his	
  
humanity,	
   established	
   in	
   creation.	
   For	
   people	
   of	
   faith,	
   in	
   the	
   Christian	
  
tradition,	
   the	
   Genesis	
   2	
   v	
   15	
   injunction	
   was	
   for	
   man	
   to	
   collaborate	
   with	
  
God	
   to	
   move	
   creation	
  towards	
   its	
   perfection.	
  	
   If	
  man	
   is	
   to	
   have	
  life	
   and	
  
have	
   it	
   more	
   abundantly	
   (John10:10)	
   and	
   his	
   essence	
   is	
   to	
   keep	
  
improving	
  creation,	
  it	
  follow	
  that	
  it	
  is	
  man’s	
  right,	
  in	
  the	
  modern	
  age,	
  to	
  
expect	
  that	
  his	
  quality	
  of	
  life	
  improve	
  continuously,	
  keeping	
  pace	
  	
  with	
  
the	
  improvements	
  elsewhere,	
  in	
  the	
  spirit	
  human	
  solidarity.	
  
	
  
The	
  philosophy	
  of	
  the	
  state	
  and	
  governing	
  places	
  the	
  onus	
  of	
  facilitating	
  
the	
   advance	
   of	
   the	
   Common	
   Good	
   in	
   the	
   State,	
   whether	
   you	
   favour	
  
John	
   Locke	
   or	
   Thomas	
   Hobbes.	
   	
   That	
   role	
   of	
   the	
   state	
   is	
   variously	
  
defined	
   on	
   a	
   liberal-­‐conservative	
   spectrum,	
   where	
   at	
   the	
   conservative	
  
end	
   is	
   in	
   the	
   provision	
   of	
   non-­‐appropriability	
   goods,	
   that	
   is	
   those	
   goods	
  
that	
   you	
   cannot	
   exclude	
   those	
   who	
   have	
   not	
   paid	
   from	
   enjoying	
   the	
  
benefits.	
  	
  
	
  
Defence	
   is	
   a	
   classic	
   example.	
   At	
   the	
   liberal	
   end,	
   in	
   the	
   collectivist	
  
tradition,	
   government	
   provided	
   even	
   commercial	
   goods	
   and	
   services.	
  
Central	
   planned	
   economies	
   of	
   the	
   communist	
   state	
   were	
   the	
   extreme	
  
example.	
   	
   Along	
   the	
   spectrum	
   were	
   the	
   mixed	
   economies	
   of	
   Britain’s	
  
Fabian	
  Socialism	
  and	
  even	
  conservative	
  surrender,	
  as	
  in	
  the	
  case	
  of	
  very	
  
conservative	
  Richard	
  Nixon	
  who	
  declared	
  “we	
  are	
  all	
  Keynsians	
  now”	
  
	
  
Whatever	
  the	
  colour	
  of	
  government	
  it	
  has	
  a	
  duty	
  to	
  improved	
  quality	
  of	
  
life	
  and	
  the	
  people	
  have	
  a	
  right	
  to	
  demand	
  it.	
  The	
  discipline	
  to	
  go	
  about	
  
that	
   improvement	
   in	
   a	
   systematic	
   manner	
   is	
   why	
   we	
   are	
   gathered	
   here	
  
today.	
  To	
  make	
  economic	
  progress	
  in	
  a	
  way	
  that	
  ensures	
  social	
  justice	
  
is	
  to	
  raise	
  the	
  dignity	
  of	
  the	
  human	
  person,	
  a	
  core	
  purpose	
  of	
  modern	
  
government.	
  
	
  
Unfortunately	
   governments	
   have	
   not	
   always	
   acted	
   with	
   a	
   clear	
  
understanding	
   of	
   this	
   role	
   and	
   its	
   obligations.	
   Part	
   of	
   it	
   is	
   that	
   while	
  
man	
  made	
  progress	
  from	
  hunting	
  to	
  farming,	
  many	
  who	
  seek	
  a	
  role	
  in	
  
public	
   life	
   in	
   more	
   primitive	
   societies,	
   where	
   the	
   institutions	
   of	
  
accountability	
  are	
  not	
  strong,	
  still	
  act	
  as	
  hunters	
  and	
  see	
  government	
  or	
  
public	
  office	
  as	
  bush	
  meat	
  they	
  have	
  hunted	
  down	
  and	
  seek	
  the	
  intent	
  
gratification	
   of	
   cutting	
   up	
   their	
   share	
   for	
   voracious	
   consumption.	
  	
  But	
   it	
  
is	
   in	
   the	
   farmers	
   deferred,	
   or	
   delayed,	
   gratification	
   in	
   which	
   the	
  
Common	
   Good	
   is	
   at	
   the	
   epicenter	
   that	
   human	
   progress	
   is	
   most	
  
advanced.	
  	
  It	
  is	
  my	
  expectation	
  that	
  is	
  the	
  cause	
  we	
  shall	
  pursue	
  here	
  is	
  
the	
   disciplined	
   farmer	
   approach.	
   	
   Fortunately	
   advancing	
   farming,	
  
(agriculture)	
   alongside	
   mining,	
   tourism	
   and	
   an	
   Education	
   industry	
   into	
  
global	
  value	
  chains	
  is	
  what	
  I	
  hope	
  to	
  suggest	
  today.	
  
	
  
Today	
   what	
   we	
   need	
   is	
   to	
   build	
   a	
   partnership	
   between	
   the	
   people	
   of	
  
Ekiti,	
  their	
  government,	
  and	
  wealth	
  creators	
  from	
  far	
  and	
  near.	
  	
  For	
  the	
  
true	
   mission	
   of	
   government	
   to	
   be	
   achieved	
   all	
   must	
   come	
   together	
  
passionately	
   committed	
   to	
   building	
   for	
   the	
   long	
   term.	
   	
   It	
   will	
   entail	
  
reforming	
   the	
   mindset	
   of	
   public	
   servants	
   and	
   politicians,	
   building	
  
capacity	
  for	
  execution	
  and	
  moving	
  away	
  from	
  the	
  hunter	
  as	
  scavenger	
  
mentality.	
  
	
  
Investment	
   money	
   is	
   scare	
   and	
   goes	
   only	
   where	
   there	
   is	
   warmth	
   of	
  
welcome,	
  whether	
  it	
  be	
  the	
  Naira	
  of	
  a	
  prominent	
  son	
  of	
  the	
  soil,	
  Asian	
  
with	
   his	
   Yuan	
   or	
   American	
   dollar	
   with	
   a	
   Texas	
   Oil	
   man.	
   	
   Our	
   first	
   goal	
  
must	
  be	
  to	
  have	
  a	
  service	
  that	
  welcomes	
  all	
  with	
  a	
  smile.	
  	
  But	
  we	
  shall	
  
return	
  to	
  this	
  later.	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
 
WHAT	
  SHOULD	
  BE	
  OUR	
  GOALS	
  
Our	
   goals	
   must	
   be	
   set	
   in	
   a	
   smart	
   mode.	
   	
   This	
   means	
   they	
   should	
   be	
  
specific	
  (like	
  we	
  want	
  12%	
  per	
  annum	
  growth	
  in	
  total	
  Ekiti	
  economy	
  or	
  
22%	
   growth	
   in	
   certain	
   agricultural	
   produce)	
   measureable,	
   attainable,	
  
relevant	
  and	
  tangible.	
  	
  Unless	
  we	
  can	
  reduce	
  our	
  discussions	
  to	
  such	
  we	
  
may	
  have	
  talk	
  with	
  little	
  implementation.	
  
	
  
	
  WHAT	
  MAKES	
  FOR	
  ECONOMIC	
  GROWTH	
  
In	
  my	
  work	
  trying	
  to	
  understand	
  why	
  some	
  nations	
  are	
  poor	
  and	
  those	
  
far	
   less	
   endowed	
   prosper,	
   I	
   have	
   offered	
   a	
   framework	
   of	
   six	
   critical	
  
variables.	
   	
   These	
   are	
   Policy	
   Choices,	
   Institutions;	
   Human	
   Capital,	
  
Entrepreneurship;	
   Culture;	
   and	
   Leadership.	
   	
   I	
   expect	
   that	
   with	
  
leadership	
   that	
   derives	
   from	
   a	
   sense	
   of	
   service	
   to	
   the	
   people	
   of	
   Ekiti,	
  
and	
   knowledgeability	
  regarding	
  how	
  to	
  improve	
  the	
  human	
  condition,	
  
the	
   key	
   to	
   progress	
   in	
   Ekiti	
   is	
   in	
   building	
   strong	
   institutions,	
   investing	
   in	
  
human	
  capital,	
  generating	
  the	
  entrepreneurial	
  spirit	
  and	
  building	
  values	
  
that	
   sustain	
   progress	
   in	
   the	
   culture.	
   	
   A	
   strong	
   commitment	
   to	
   this	
  
enterprise	
  will	
  make	
  Ekiti	
  economically	
  prosperous.	
  
	
  
COMPETITIVENESS	
  AND	
  PERFORMANCE	
  
We	
   have	
   said	
   that	
   investment	
   money	
   moves	
   to	
   the	
   more	
   attractive	
  
location.	
   	
   The	
   competitiveness	
   of	
   countries	
   or	
   states	
   will	
   determine	
  
who	
   attracts	
   the	
   money.	
   	
   The	
   foregoing	
   factors	
   help	
   shape	
   the	
  
competitiveness	
   of	
   an	
   economy.	
   	
   Competitiveness	
   in	
   specific	
   areas	
   of	
  
strength,	
   where	
   the	
   state	
   has	
   comparative	
   advantage,	
   so	
   to	
   speak,	
   is	
  
probably	
  more	
  important	
  in	
  a	
  short-­‐gun	
  scenario	
  than	
  just	
  building	
  up	
  
the	
  general	
  competitiveness	
  of	
  the	
  state.	
  	
  So	
  which	
  areas	
  do	
  I	
  think	
  Ekiti	
  
needs	
   to	
   emphasize	
   in	
   becoming	
   more	
   competitive	
   to	
   stimulate	
   the	
  
growth	
   of	
   winning	
   clusters,	
   and	
   how	
   should	
   the	
   structure	
   for	
   making	
  
growth	
  from	
  these	
  specific	
  areas	
  come	
  together	
  for	
  rapid	
  results.	
  
	
  
My	
  inclination	
  is	
  to	
  favour	
  the	
  development	
  of	
  economic	
  zones	
  in	
  local	
  
areas	
  with	
  particular	
  factor	
  endowments	
  and	
  then	
  constructing	
  values	
  
chains	
  from	
  these	
  factors	
  into	
  global	
  markets.	
  
	
  
For	
   me	
   Agriculture,	
   agro-­‐allied	
   manufacturing;	
   solid	
   minerals	
   mining;	
  
tourism	
   and	
   education	
   are	
   sectors	
   from	
   which	
   Ekiti	
   can	
   grow	
   rich,	
  
provide	
  jobs	
  for	
  its	
  youth	
  and	
  raise	
  living	
  standards	
  for	
  all.	
  
	
  
I	
  know	
  that	
  areas	
  in	
  which	
  the	
  farmlands	
  of	
  Ekiti	
  have	
  been	
  traditionally	
  
strong	
   have	
   been	
   audited	
   and	
   are	
   well	
   known.	
   	
   The	
   challenge	
   would	
   be	
  
for	
   government	
   to	
   find	
   champions	
   dedicated	
   to	
   each	
   agricultural	
  
produce	
   and	
   give	
   them	
   targets	
   to	
   help	
   incentivize	
   farmers	
   to	
   raise	
   yield	
  
and	
   then	
   to	
   ensure	
   that	
   they	
   get	
   the	
   best	
   prices	
   for	
   their	
   effort,	
   get	
  
support	
   from	
   research	
   and	
   networking	
   to	
   make	
   output	
   optimal	
   and	
  
ensure	
   little	
   waste.	
   	
   	
   Have	
   we	
   forgotten	
   the	
   Agricultural	
   extension	
  
service	
  of	
  the	
  Awolowo	
  era.	
  	
  It	
  has	
  been	
  done	
  before	
  and	
  can	
  be	
  done	
  
again.	
  
	
  
Creating	
   an	
   industrial	
   park	
   for	
   agro-­‐allied	
   manufacturing	
   that	
   adds	
  
value	
   through	
   processing,	
   before	
   distribution	
   into	
   global	
   markets	
  
should	
   be	
   a	
   big	
   boost	
   to	
   the	
   economy.	
   	
   But	
   the	
   process	
   will	
   involve	
  
professionals	
   who	
   can	
   help	
   plot	
   the	
   path	
   and	
   the	
   interventions	
   from	
  
the	
   farmers	
   inputs	
   through	
   the	
   middlemen	
   and	
   the	
   manufacturers	
   to	
  
those	
   who	
   can	
   move	
   efficiently	
   to	
   distribute	
   into	
   global	
   markets,	
  
domestic	
   and	
   foreign	
   alike.	
   	
   My	
   personal	
   favorites	
   include	
   rubber	
   and	
  
other	
   cash	
   crops	
   that	
   can	
   thrive	
   in	
   Ekiti	
   as	
   well	
   as	
   cassava	
   and	
   the	
   food	
  
security	
  needs	
  of	
  grains.	
  
	
  
On	
   mining	
   I	
   am	
   of	
   the	
   firm	
   view	
   that	
   the	
   vast	
   mineral	
   deposits	
  
documented	
   in	
   studies	
   by	
   the	
   Raw	
   Materials	
   Research	
   and	
  
Development	
   Council	
   (RMRDC)	
   and	
   other	
   agencies	
   suggest	
   the	
  
possibilities	
   of	
   the	
   solid	
   minerals	
   sector	
   in	
   Ekiti.	
   	
   That	
   sector	
   remains	
  
depressed	
  country	
  wide	
  because	
  there	
  seems	
  to	
  be	
  a	
  conspiracy	
  of	
  lack	
  
of	
   interest	
   and	
   corruption.	
   	
   The	
   state	
   government	
   needs	
   to	
   go	
   into	
  
aggressive	
  dialogue	
  with	
  the	
  federal	
  government	
  because	
  this	
  sector	
  is	
  
largely	
   a	
   victim	
   of	
   the	
   failure	
   of	
   Nigeria’s	
   federalism.	
   	
   Abuja	
   will	
   care	
  
little	
   about	
   these	
   sectors	
   as	
   long	
   as	
   cheap	
   cash	
   from	
   oil	
   continue	
   to	
  
grease	
   the	
   wheels	
   of	
   government.	
   	
   Ekiti	
   must	
   seek	
   an	
   administrative	
  
devolution	
  of	
  some	
  authority	
  on	
  this	
  until	
  a	
  constitutional	
  amendment	
  
comes.	
  	
  States	
  like	
  Enugu,	
  on	
  Coal,	
  and	
  Benue	
  continue	
  to	
  suffer	
  under	
  
this	
  burden.	
  	
  You	
  should	
  act	
  together.	
  
	
  
With	
  tourism	
  the	
  rolling	
  hills	
  of	
  Ekiti	
  are	
  picture	
  perfect	
  for	
  some	
  kinds	
  
of	
   tourists,	
   including	
   internal	
   tourists.	
   	
   The	
   key	
   here	
   is	
   to	
   locate	
  
facilities,	
   attract	
   the	
   hospitality	
   industry	
   and	
   improve	
   access.	
   	
   In	
   this	
  
and	
  many	
  other	
  activities.	
  
	
  
	
  I	
  want	
  to	
  say	
  there	
  is	
  room	
  for	
  collaboration	
  with	
  adjoining	
  states.	
  	
  If	
  
Ekiti,	
   Ondo	
   and	
   Osun	
   can	
   have	
   a	
   regional	
   strategy,	
   it	
   will	
   advance	
   the	
  
good	
   of	
   all	
   three.	
   	
   Road	
   and	
   rail	
   linkages	
   need	
   to	
   be	
   pursued	
   in	
  
public/private	
  partnerships.	
  
	
  
Then	
   there	
   is	
   education	
   Ekiti	
   has	
   the	
   reputation	
   of	
   being	
   the	
   state	
   of	
  
PhDs.	
  	
  That	
  seems	
  to	
  me	
  like	
  an	
  advantage	
  the	
  state	
  can	
  exploit.	
  	
  I	
  think	
  
of	
  Boston	
  in	
  summer	
  and	
  the	
  loss	
  of	
  several	
  hundred	
  thousand	
  citizens.	
  	
  
This	
  is	
  because	
  a	
  good	
  part	
  of	
  the	
  populations	
  are	
  students	
  who	
  come	
  
from	
   all	
   over	
   the	
   United	
   States	
   and	
   around	
   the	
   world	
   to	
   study	
   in	
  
Boston,	
  with	
  its	
  many	
  famous	
  academic	
  institutions.	
  	
  It	
  is	
  an	
  academic	
  
cluster,	
  the	
  city	
  of	
  Boston.	
  	
  Why	
  can	
  Ekiti	
  not	
  be	
  the	
  same	
  in	
  a	
  country	
  
requiring	
  huge	
  investments	
  to	
  raise	
  its	
  human	
  capital	
  stock.	
  
	
  
I	
   am	
   persuaded	
   that	
   a	
   focused	
   search	
   for	
   partners	
   here	
   and	
   around	
   the	
  
world	
  to	
  build	
  these	
  value	
  chains	
  will	
  have	
  transforming	
  value.	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
LEVERS	
  OF	
  GOAL	
  ATTAINMENT	
  
There	
  are	
  a	
  number	
  of	
  key	
  levers	
  for	
  ensuring	
  success.	
  	
  One	
  key	
  lever	
  is	
  
the	
  partnership	
  logic.	
  Governments	
  still	
  suffer	
  badly	
  from	
  failure	
  to	
  own	
  
initiatives	
   in	
   the	
   way	
   the	
   private	
   sector	
   manages	
   to	
   hold	
   people	
   to	
  
account	
  and	
  they	
  work	
  with	
  commitment	
  to	
  set	
  goals.	
  	
  This	
  tragedy	
  of	
  
the	
  Commons	
  Writ	
  large	
  is	
  behind	
  many	
  failed	
  promises	
  of	
  the	
  Nigerian	
  
condition.	
   	
   If	
   the	
   right	
   champions	
   are	
   found	
   in	
   Ekiti	
   and	
   they	
   treat	
  
private	
   corporations	
   they	
   wish	
   to	
   be	
   partners	
   	
   with	
   a	
   clear	
   sense	
   for	
  
mutually	
  beneficial	
  partnership,	
  with	
  a	
  one	
  stop	
  to	
  shop	
  to	
  help	
  resolve	
  
all	
  the	
  typical	
  irritants	
  that	
  investors	
  face,	
  you	
  will	
  see	
  amazing	
  results.	
  
	
  
Let	
   me	
   commend	
   as	
   example	
   the	
   local	
   government	
   practice	
   in	
   the	
  
United	
  States	
  that	
  have	
  TIFA	
  Funds	
  which	
  they	
  offer	
  as	
  grants	
  and	
  loan	
  
to	
   companies	
   to	
   invest	
   in	
   their	
   area	
   as	
   a	
   way	
   of	
   enhancing	
   future	
   tax	
  
revenues.	
  	
  The	
  finances	
  of	
  Ekiti	
  may	
  not	
  allow	
  this	
  but	
  efforts	
  need	
  to	
  
be	
  made	
  to	
  encourage	
  investors.	
  
	
  
Again	
   as	
   countries	
   that	
   have	
   done	
   well	
   with	
   attracting	
   foreign	
   investors	
  
know,	
   treating	
   well	
   already	
   resident	
   investors	
   so	
   they	
   can	
   spread	
   the	
  
good	
  news,	
  is	
  important.	
  	
  I	
  am	
  fortunate	
  to	
  be	
  on	
  the	
  Board	
  of	
  Directors	
  
of	
   Mutual	
   Benefits	
   Assurance	
   which	
   is	
   one	
   of	
   the	
   biggest	
   investors	
   in	
  
Ekiti	
   State.	
   	
   I	
   do	
   hope	
   we	
   get	
   royal	
   treatment	
   as	
   a	
   signaling	
   to	
   other	
  
investors.	
   	
   If	
   Mutual	
   Benefit	
   can	
   celebrate	
   its	
   retainership	
   with	
   Ekiti,	
  
others	
  will	
  show	
  more	
  interest.	
  
	
  
Mr.	
   Governor,	
   Captains	
   of	
   Industry,	
   Ladies	
   and	
   Gentlemen.	
   	
   I	
   see	
   the	
  
future	
  of	
  Ekiti	
  State	
  green	
  and	
  flourishing	
  as	
  the	
  rolling	
  hills	
  of	
  the	
  stare	
  
are.	
   	
   But	
   it	
   will	
   take	
   work	
   and	
   passionate	
   commitment	
   to	
   make	
   it	
  
happen.	
   	
   We	
   can	
   sometimes	
   over	
   assume	
   about	
   capacity.	
   	
   Training,	
  
retraining	
  and	
  motivating	
  civil	
  servants	
  then	
  holding	
  them	
  accountable	
  
is	
  key.	
  
	
  
We	
   must	
   learn	
   from	
   Malaysia	
   in	
   that	
   it	
   is	
   best	
   to	
   ensure	
   that	
   all	
   are	
  
inside	
   the	
   house	
   pissing	
   out	
   than	
   that	
   some	
   are	
   outside	
   pissing	
   in.	
  	
  
Building	
  elite	
  consensus	
  is	
  also	
  a	
  key	
  lever	
  in	
  addition	
  to	
  making	
  the	
  civil	
  
service	
  warm,	
  welcoming	
  and	
  less	
  corrupt.	
  	
  Their	
  children	
  will	
  see	
  the	
  
benefits	
  of	
  such	
  determination	
  to	
  act	
  differently.	
  
	
  
Ladies	
  and	
  Gentlemen.	
  
I	
  am	
  done.	
  
	
  
As	
  a	
  self	
  declared	
  son	
  of	
  the	
  soil,	
  one	
  more	
  Ekiti	
  PhD	
  I	
  say	
  God	
  bless	
  our	
  
intentions	
  and	
  give	
  us	
  the	
  spirit	
  to	
  make	
  all	
  prosper	
  in	
  social	
  justice.	
  
	
  
	
  
Pat	
  Utomi	
  
14/10/11	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  

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Prof Pat Utomi's Address at the 2011 Ekiti Economic & Development Summit

  • 1. Chief  Host,   Speakers,   Leaders  of  government  In  Ekiti  State,   Leaders  of  Entrepreneurs,   Distinguished  Ladies  and  Gentlemen.     I   am   honored   to   return   to   Ado   Ekiti,   this   time   to   help   set   the   tone   for   a   summit   on   the   economy   of   Ekiti,   with   the   great   prospects   for   social   harmony   and   political   progress   that   are   consequent   on   economic   prosperity.     As  I  address  you  today,  I  cannot  but  recall  my  visit  here  a  little  over  four   years   ago.     I   spoke   at   the   declaration   of   gubernatorial   candidate.     Dr.   Kayode   Fayemi.     I   spoke   then   of   the   possibilities   of   human   imagination.     If   you   can   dream   it,   I   had   said,   you   can   make   it   happen.     The   opportunity   to   make   it   happen   then   got   held   back   by   the   politics   of   electoral   process   controversy.       Not   so   long   ago,   the   hand   of   God   set   that   challenge   aside   and   Governor   Fayemi   was   sworn   in   and   named   his   team.     I   had   the   pleasure   of   joining   the   team   at   their   frame   setting   retreat   in   Iloko   to   share   from   my   perspective   on   the   bottlenecks   to   making   dreams   come   true   and   the   discipline   of   working   to   advance   the   interest  of  a  majority  of  the  citizens.    Today,  I  am  happy  to  lay  out  some   critical  issues  to  actualizing  dreams  for  a  people  like  those  of  Ekiti  who   are  rich  in  tradition  and  great  in  expectations.     The   first   question   I   want   to   pose   to   this   August   gathering   is   why   seek   prosperity?     In   effect   I   am   asking   why   we   are   gathered   here   for   an   economic   summit   or   interactive   session   between   the   government   and   the  private  sector.     WHY  SEEK  PROSPERITY   For  millennia  man  made  progress  very  slowly  and  was  not  much  caught   up  in  the  rush  for  material  advance,  even  though  it  will  be  erroneous  to  
  • 2. suggest   he   made   no   progress   all   those   centuries.     He   not   only   discovered  fire  to  roast  the  product  of  his  hunt,  he  went  from  hunting   to   farming.     But   Jams   Watt   redesigned   the   steam   engine   and   made   power   based   production   possible,   with   quantum   leap   in   material   advance.   All   the   progress   one   can   say   comes   from   the   essence   of   his   humanity,   established   in   creation.   For   people   of   faith,   in   the   Christian   tradition,   the   Genesis   2   v   15   injunction   was   for   man   to   collaborate   with   God   to   move   creation  towards   its   perfection.     If  man   is   to   have  life   and   have   it   more   abundantly   (John10:10)   and   his   essence   is   to   keep   improving  creation,  it  follow  that  it  is  man’s  right,  in  the  modern  age,  to   expect  that  his  quality  of  life  improve  continuously,  keeping  pace    with   the  improvements  elsewhere,  in  the  spirit  human  solidarity.     The  philosophy  of  the  state  and  governing  places  the  onus  of  facilitating   the   advance   of   the   Common   Good   in   the   State,   whether   you   favour   John   Locke   or   Thomas   Hobbes.     That   role   of   the   state   is   variously   defined   on   a   liberal-­‐conservative   spectrum,   where   at   the   conservative   end   is   in   the   provision   of   non-­‐appropriability   goods,   that   is   those   goods   that   you   cannot   exclude   those   who   have   not   paid   from   enjoying   the   benefits.       Defence   is   a   classic   example.   At   the   liberal   end,   in   the   collectivist   tradition,   government   provided   even   commercial   goods   and   services.   Central   planned   economies   of   the   communist   state   were   the   extreme   example.     Along   the   spectrum   were   the   mixed   economies   of   Britain’s   Fabian  Socialism  and  even  conservative  surrender,  as  in  the  case  of  very   conservative  Richard  Nixon  who  declared  “we  are  all  Keynsians  now”     Whatever  the  colour  of  government  it  has  a  duty  to  improved  quality  of   life  and  the  people  have  a  right  to  demand  it.  The  discipline  to  go  about   that   improvement   in   a   systematic   manner   is   why   we   are   gathered   here   today.  To  make  economic  progress  in  a  way  that  ensures  social  justice  
  • 3. is  to  raise  the  dignity  of  the  human  person,  a  core  purpose  of  modern   government.     Unfortunately   governments   have   not   always   acted   with   a   clear   understanding   of   this   role   and   its   obligations.   Part   of   it   is   that   while   man  made  progress  from  hunting  to  farming,  many  who  seek  a  role  in   public   life   in   more   primitive   societies,   where   the   institutions   of   accountability  are  not  strong,  still  act  as  hunters  and  see  government  or   public  office  as  bush  meat  they  have  hunted  down  and  seek  the  intent   gratification   of   cutting   up   their   share   for   voracious   consumption.    But   it   is   in   the   farmers   deferred,   or   delayed,   gratification   in   which   the   Common   Good   is   at   the   epicenter   that   human   progress   is   most   advanced.    It  is  my  expectation  that  is  the  cause  we  shall  pursue  here  is   the   disciplined   farmer   approach.     Fortunately   advancing   farming,   (agriculture)   alongside   mining,   tourism   and   an   Education   industry   into   global  value  chains  is  what  I  hope  to  suggest  today.     Today   what   we   need   is   to   build   a   partnership   between   the   people   of   Ekiti,  their  government,  and  wealth  creators  from  far  and  near.    For  the   true   mission   of   government   to   be   achieved   all   must   come   together   passionately   committed   to   building   for   the   long   term.     It   will   entail   reforming   the   mindset   of   public   servants   and   politicians,   building   capacity  for  execution  and  moving  away  from  the  hunter  as  scavenger   mentality.     Investment   money   is   scare   and   goes   only   where   there   is   warmth   of   welcome,  whether  it  be  the  Naira  of  a  prominent  son  of  the  soil,  Asian   with   his   Yuan   or   American   dollar   with   a   Texas   Oil   man.     Our   first   goal   must  be  to  have  a  service  that  welcomes  all  with  a  smile.    But  we  shall   return  to  this  later.        
  • 4.   WHAT  SHOULD  BE  OUR  GOALS   Our   goals   must   be   set   in   a   smart   mode.     This   means   they   should   be   specific  (like  we  want  12%  per  annum  growth  in  total  Ekiti  economy  or   22%   growth   in   certain   agricultural   produce)   measureable,   attainable,   relevant  and  tangible.    Unless  we  can  reduce  our  discussions  to  such  we   may  have  talk  with  little  implementation.      WHAT  MAKES  FOR  ECONOMIC  GROWTH   In  my  work  trying  to  understand  why  some  nations  are  poor  and  those   far   less   endowed   prosper,   I   have   offered   a   framework   of   six   critical   variables.     These   are   Policy   Choices,   Institutions;   Human   Capital,   Entrepreneurship;   Culture;   and   Leadership.     I   expect   that   with   leadership   that   derives   from   a   sense   of   service   to   the   people   of   Ekiti,   and   knowledgeability  regarding  how  to  improve  the  human  condition,   the   key   to   progress   in   Ekiti   is   in   building   strong   institutions,   investing   in   human  capital,  generating  the  entrepreneurial  spirit  and  building  values   that   sustain   progress   in   the   culture.     A   strong   commitment   to   this   enterprise  will  make  Ekiti  economically  prosperous.     COMPETITIVENESS  AND  PERFORMANCE   We   have   said   that   investment   money   moves   to   the   more   attractive   location.     The   competitiveness   of   countries   or   states   will   determine   who   attracts   the   money.     The   foregoing   factors   help   shape   the   competitiveness   of   an   economy.     Competitiveness   in   specific   areas   of   strength,   where   the   state   has   comparative   advantage,   so   to   speak,   is   probably  more  important  in  a  short-­‐gun  scenario  than  just  building  up   the  general  competitiveness  of  the  state.    So  which  areas  do  I  think  Ekiti   needs   to   emphasize   in   becoming   more   competitive   to   stimulate   the   growth   of   winning   clusters,   and   how   should   the   structure   for   making   growth  from  these  specific  areas  come  together  for  rapid  results.    
  • 5. My  inclination  is  to  favour  the  development  of  economic  zones  in  local   areas  with  particular  factor  endowments  and  then  constructing  values   chains  from  these  factors  into  global  markets.     For   me   Agriculture,   agro-­‐allied   manufacturing;   solid   minerals   mining;   tourism   and   education   are   sectors   from   which   Ekiti   can   grow   rich,   provide  jobs  for  its  youth  and  raise  living  standards  for  all.     I  know  that  areas  in  which  the  farmlands  of  Ekiti  have  been  traditionally   strong   have   been   audited   and   are   well   known.     The   challenge   would   be   for   government   to   find   champions   dedicated   to   each   agricultural   produce   and   give   them   targets   to   help   incentivize   farmers   to   raise   yield   and   then   to   ensure   that   they   get   the   best   prices   for   their   effort,   get   support   from   research   and   networking   to   make   output   optimal   and   ensure   little   waste.       Have   we   forgotten   the   Agricultural   extension   service  of  the  Awolowo  era.    It  has  been  done  before  and  can  be  done   again.     Creating   an   industrial   park   for   agro-­‐allied   manufacturing   that   adds   value   through   processing,   before   distribution   into   global   markets   should   be   a   big   boost   to   the   economy.     But   the   process   will   involve   professionals   who   can   help   plot   the   path   and   the   interventions   from   the   farmers   inputs   through   the   middlemen   and   the   manufacturers   to   those   who   can   move   efficiently   to   distribute   into   global   markets,   domestic   and   foreign   alike.     My   personal   favorites   include   rubber   and   other   cash   crops   that   can   thrive   in   Ekiti   as   well   as   cassava   and   the   food   security  needs  of  grains.     On   mining   I   am   of   the   firm   view   that   the   vast   mineral   deposits   documented   in   studies   by   the   Raw   Materials   Research   and   Development   Council   (RMRDC)   and   other   agencies   suggest   the   possibilities   of   the   solid   minerals   sector   in   Ekiti.     That   sector   remains   depressed  country  wide  because  there  seems  to  be  a  conspiracy  of  lack  
  • 6. of   interest   and   corruption.     The   state   government   needs   to   go   into   aggressive  dialogue  with  the  federal  government  because  this  sector  is   largely   a   victim   of   the   failure   of   Nigeria’s   federalism.     Abuja   will   care   little   about   these   sectors   as   long   as   cheap   cash   from   oil   continue   to   grease   the   wheels   of   government.     Ekiti   must   seek   an   administrative   devolution  of  some  authority  on  this  until  a  constitutional  amendment   comes.    States  like  Enugu,  on  Coal,  and  Benue  continue  to  suffer  under   this  burden.    You  should  act  together.     With  tourism  the  rolling  hills  of  Ekiti  are  picture  perfect  for  some  kinds   of   tourists,   including   internal   tourists.     The   key   here   is   to   locate   facilities,   attract   the   hospitality   industry   and   improve   access.     In   this   and  many  other  activities.      I  want  to  say  there  is  room  for  collaboration  with  adjoining  states.    If   Ekiti,   Ondo   and   Osun   can   have   a   regional   strategy,   it   will   advance   the   good   of   all   three.     Road   and   rail   linkages   need   to   be   pursued   in   public/private  partnerships.     Then   there   is   education   Ekiti   has   the   reputation   of   being   the   state   of   PhDs.    That  seems  to  me  like  an  advantage  the  state  can  exploit.    I  think   of  Boston  in  summer  and  the  loss  of  several  hundred  thousand  citizens.     This  is  because  a  good  part  of  the  populations  are  students  who  come   from   all   over   the   United   States   and   around   the   world   to   study   in   Boston,  with  its  many  famous  academic  institutions.    It  is  an  academic   cluster,  the  city  of  Boston.    Why  can  Ekiti  not  be  the  same  in  a  country   requiring  huge  investments  to  raise  its  human  capital  stock.     I   am   persuaded   that   a   focused   search   for   partners   here   and   around   the   world  to  build  these  value  chains  will  have  transforming  value.        
  • 7. LEVERS  OF  GOAL  ATTAINMENT   There  are  a  number  of  key  levers  for  ensuring  success.    One  key  lever  is   the  partnership  logic.  Governments  still  suffer  badly  from  failure  to  own   initiatives   in   the   way   the   private   sector   manages   to   hold   people   to   account  and  they  work  with  commitment  to  set  goals.    This  tragedy  of   the  Commons  Writ  large  is  behind  many  failed  promises  of  the  Nigerian   condition.     If   the   right   champions   are   found   in   Ekiti   and   they   treat   private   corporations   they   wish   to   be   partners     with   a   clear   sense   for   mutually  beneficial  partnership,  with  a  one  stop  to  shop  to  help  resolve   all  the  typical  irritants  that  investors  face,  you  will  see  amazing  results.     Let   me   commend   as   example   the   local   government   practice   in   the   United  States  that  have  TIFA  Funds  which  they  offer  as  grants  and  loan   to   companies   to   invest   in   their   area   as   a   way   of   enhancing   future   tax   revenues.    The  finances  of  Ekiti  may  not  allow  this  but  efforts  need  to   be  made  to  encourage  investors.     Again   as   countries   that   have   done   well   with   attracting   foreign   investors   know,   treating   well   already   resident   investors   so   they   can   spread   the   good  news,  is  important.    I  am  fortunate  to  be  on  the  Board  of  Directors   of   Mutual   Benefits   Assurance   which   is   one   of   the   biggest   investors   in   Ekiti   State.     I   do   hope   we   get   royal   treatment   as   a   signaling   to   other   investors.     If   Mutual   Benefit   can   celebrate   its   retainership   with   Ekiti,   others  will  show  more  interest.     Mr.   Governor,   Captains   of   Industry,   Ladies   and   Gentlemen.     I   see   the   future  of  Ekiti  State  green  and  flourishing  as  the  rolling  hills  of  the  stare   are.     But   it   will   take   work   and   passionate   commitment   to   make   it   happen.     We   can   sometimes   over   assume   about   capacity.     Training,   retraining  and  motivating  civil  servants  then  holding  them  accountable   is  key.    
  • 8. We   must   learn   from   Malaysia   in   that   it   is   best   to   ensure   that   all   are   inside   the   house   pissing   out   than   that   some   are   outside   pissing   in.     Building  elite  consensus  is  also  a  key  lever  in  addition  to  making  the  civil   service  warm,  welcoming  and  less  corrupt.    Their  children  will  see  the   benefits  of  such  determination  to  act  differently.     Ladies  and  Gentlemen.   I  am  done.     As  a  self  declared  son  of  the  soil,  one  more  Ekiti  PhD  I  say  God  bless  our   intentions  and  give  us  the  spirit  to  make  all  prosper  in  social  justice.       Pat  Utomi   14/10/11