ECCLU 2011 - B.I. Rini - Kidney cancer - First and further lines in mRCC
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ECCLU 2011 - B.I. Rini - Kidney cancer - First and further lines in mRCC
- 3. Metastatic Renal Cell Cancer – First and Further Lines of Therapy in 2011 Brian I. Rini, M.D. Department of Solid Tumor Oncology Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute Glickman Urologic and Kidney Institute Cleveland, Ohio
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- 15. Overall Survival in Untreated RCC by Risk Group ** Median overall survival had not been reached with either treatment in the favorable risk group. At 12 months, 91% of patients in the sunitinib group were alive compared with 92% of patients in the IFN group; and at 2 years, 72% v 76%, respectively, were alive. 15 Agent(s) OS (mos) Good Int Poor HR vs. IFN Sunitinib 26.4 Not reached** 20.7 5.3 0.82 Pazopanib 21.1 0.73 (vs. placebo) Bev + IFN (AVOREN) 23.3 35.1 22.6 6.0 0.86 Bev + IFN (CALGB) 18.3 32.5 17.7 6.6 0.86 Temsirolimus 10.9 NA NA 10.9 * 0.73
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- 19. Probability of PR or CR in mRCC Increased with Mean Daily Sunitinib Exposure P=0.023 for AUC AUCss sunitinib (ug • hr/mL) Probability of a response 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 Mean 95% CI Houk et al., ASCO 2007 19
- 20. Time to Tumor Progression on Sunitinib 50mg 4/2 vs. 37.5mg continuous (EFFECT trial) –Dose matters! HR, 0.77 (95% CI, 0.57–1.04) P=0.090 (unstratified log-rank test) 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 0 10 20 30 Time (months) Probability of no tumor progression Schedule 4/2 (N=146) Median, 9.9 months (95% CI, 7.0–13.4) CDD Schedule (N=146) Median, 7.1 months (95% CI, 6.8–9.7) Motzer et al. ASCO GU 2011 20
- 21. Progression-free Survival Grouped by Threshold Week 4 Pazopanib C min Kaplan-Meier progression-free survival (PFS) curves for patients with Week 4 pazopanib Cmin > 20.6 and ≤ 20.6 μ g/mL – Median PFS was 49.4 weeks for patients with Week 4 Cmin >20.6 μ g/mL, whereas median PFS was 20.3 weeks for patients with Cmin ≤20.6 μ g/mL (P = 0.0041) 21
- 22. Choosing Therapy Based on Response Rate Agent Objective response rate Tumor shrinkage rate Sunitinib 40-45% ~ 70-75% Pazopanib 30% ~ 70-75% Bevacizumab (+IFN) 10-15% (25-30%) ~ 70-75% Sorafenib 2-10% ~ 70-75% Temsirolimus, Everolimus 9%, 1% ~ 60%
- 23. Choosing Therapy Based on Histology * Choueiri et al. JCO 2008: Three (25%) of 12 Chromophobe RCC patients achieved a response (two patients treated with sorafenib and one treated with sunitinib) ** Procopio et al. Oncology 73; 2007 TKI activity in non-clear cell RCC Sunitinib Sorafenib OR PFS OR PFS CCF /France (n=41)* 4.8% 11.9 months 0% 5.1 months Italian (n=14)** 7% NR Sorafenib ARCCS (7%; n=175) 3% NR Sunitinib Access (12% ‘non-clear cell’; n=276) 5% 6.7 months Sunitinib (French study; n=27) 15% (52% with TS) 5.7 months
- 24. Rini, Atkins Lancet Oncology Resistance to Targeted Therapy in RCC
- 33. RCC Treatment Algorithm: 2011 Setting Patients Therapy (level 1) Other Options (≥ level 2) Untreated Good or Intermediate risk Sunitinib Bevacizumab + IFN Pazopanib HD IL-2 Sorafenib Clinical trial Observation Poor risk Temsirolimus Sunitinib, Bev/IFN Clinical trial Non-clear cell Anything Clinical Trial Sarcomatoid Sunitinib (+/- Gem) Clinical trial Refractory Cytokine Sorafenib Sunitinib, Bevacizumab VEGF Everolimus Everything mTOR Clinical trial Clinical trial
- 35. RCC is an Inherently Diverse Disease Months % Survival
- 37. More potent VEGF-R TKIs in RCC 1. Eskens FALM, et al. In: Proceedings of the 99th Annual Meeting of the AACR . San Diego, CA: AACR; 2008. Abstract LB-201. 2. Nakamura K, et al. Cancer Res . 2006;66(18):9134-9142. 3. Chow LQM, Eckhardt SG. J Clin Oncol. 2007;25(7):884-896. 37
- 40. Metastatic clear cell RCC (n=30) Sunitinib 50 mg 4/2 x 4 cycles Hold sunitinib. Re-start with 10% increase in tumor burden from nadir Continue therapy off study or change therapy if PD CCF Intermittent Sunitinib Study NO Tumor burden decrease by 10% Tumor burden decrease by 10%
- 41. Sunitinib: Clinical Outcome by HTN Status in RCC Patients Rini BI et al. JNCI 103 (9), 2011 41 Max. SBP ≥140 mmHg (n=442) Max. SBP <140 mmHg (n=92) P-value Objective response, n (%) 242 (54.8%) 8 (8.7%) <0.0001 Progression-free survival, months 12.5 2.5 <0.0001 Overall survival, months 30.9 7.2 <0.0001 Max. DBP ≥90 mmHg (n=363) Max. DBP <90 mmHg (n=171) P-value Objective response, n (%) 208 (57.3%) 42 (25.0%) <0.0001 Progression-free survival, months 13.4 5.3 <0.0001 Overall survival, months 32.2 14.9 <0.0001
- 43. n=10 n=23 n=30 n=34 n=20 ** * p=<0.05 (compared to normals) ** p= <0.001 (compared to normals) # p=<0.05 (compared to pre-treatment) ## p= <0.001 (compared to pre-treatment) ** # # ## ## # Sunitinib mediates reversal of myeloid-derived suppressor cell accumulation in renal cell carcinoma patients. Finke J, Rini BI , Clin Cancer Res . 2009
Notas do Editor
- AVOREN, Avastin for Renal Cell Carcinoma; Bev, bevacizumab; CALGB, Cancer and Leukemia Group B; IFN, interferon; mRCC, metastatic renal cell carcinoma; PFS, progression-free survival.
- This is a randomised, double-blind, cross-over study to evaluate the patient preference of pazopanib versus sunitinib in patients with locally advanced or metastatic RCC who have received no prior systemic therapy for advanced or metastatic RCC. Approximately 160 eligible patients will be stratified based on the ECOG performance status (0 vs. 1) and number of metastatic sites of disease (0 and 1 vs. 2+). The study consists of two 10-weeks treatment periods with a two-week wash-out period between the treatment periods. Patients will receive pazopanib and sunitinib treatment sequentially. Patients will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive blinded (over-encapsulated) study drug: either 800mg pazopanib orally for 10 weeks followed by 50mg sunitinib orally for 10 weeks (4 weeks on treatment, 2 weeks off) or 50mg sunitinib orally for 10 weeks (4 weeks on treatment, 2 weeks off) followed by 800mg pazopanib orally for 10 weeks. A two-week washout period will separate the treatment periods (the medical monitor can be consulted if ongoing AEs need to be resolved and the wash-out period needs to be extended). To maintain the double-blind during the two weeks off drug for patients on sunitinib (‘Treatment Holiday’), patients will be taking matching placebo. No study drug will be taken during the wash-out period in either arm. At the end of the second treatment period, patient preference and disease assessment are evaluated and the patients are unblinded. Further treatment is at the discretion of the physician. Further treatment with pazopanib is available within the study. Patients requiring other treatments will complete the study at this point. http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01064310?term=pazopanib+and+sunitinib&rank=1
- 17/05/11
- Abbreviations: TKI = tyrosine kinase inhibitor; RCC = renal cell carcinoma; VEGFR = vascular endothelial growth factor receptor; IC 50 = half-maximal inhibitory concentration.
- P values were not corrected for multiple testing