1.
The Earth and its living World
Where do you get water from?

2.
On the surface of the
earth, there is
some land and
water
Spheres of the Earth
 Lithosphere - Land
 Hydrosphere - Water
 Atmosphere - Air
constituents
 Biosphere - Living things.

3.
Lithosphere
Earth's crust is hard rock and soil
Lanol - grassy;sand,crops,forests
1/3 part of lithosphere- Land

4.
Continent
 Large or Vast continuous stretch of Land.
 Divided into seven continents Africa, Asia,
Europe, North America, South America
Australia, Antarctica

5.
Land forms
Land is not even in all places
Give rise to different shapes
eg. Plain, Hill, Mountain

6.
Hydrosphere
 2/3 part of earth
covered with water.
 Water part is divided
into : Ocean- salty
water, Surface water
and fresh water

7.
Oceans
 Salty water - five oceans Atlantic, Pacific, Arctic,
South Ocean, Indian Ocean.
 Land along margins of ocean called coastal
region
 Water bodies of different shapes and sizes.- sea,
bay, strait, Gulf etc.

8.
Rivers
 Fresh water reservoirs
 streams of water flowing over the land
 Streams are - Rills, Brook, Rivers
 Rills, brooks, streams - join to form rivers
 Rivers join to make bigger river tributaries
 Rivers cascade down a sudden drop - water fall
 Rivers flow to the ocean.

9.
Lakes
Water collected in a low lying area of land - Lakes
eg. Manas sarowar

10.
Ice form of water, Glacier
 water particles in the clouds freeze in cold
regions
 come down in the form of snow
 Layer of snow pile up on ground to form ice.
 In low - lying area ice pile become huge mass
slips down; a slope - glacier
 Blocks of ice floting in sea- Iceberg

11.
Groundwater- (Well)
 water stored in underground layer
 well, bore wells, under ground springs
 Hydro Sphere :water on earth is surface,
Ground water, Water vapours

12.
Atmosphere
 Air around Earth
 Higher from the surface air becomes rarer.
 Consists- mixture of gases, nitrogen, oxygen,
water vapour, carbon dioxide
 Layers of Atmosphere
 Troposphere, Stratosphere, Mesosphere
 Ionosphere, Exosphere

13.
Troposphere
 13 km from earth's surface
 conditions changes continuously
 Go higher in troposphere air becomes cooler
 Weather related phenomena rain, fog, clouds, Winds, Storms.
 Aeroplanes fly in higher parts (mountaineers)

14.
Stratosphere
 Beyond troposphere about 50 km
 Ozone gas layer
 Ozon layer absorbs ultra violet rays.

15.
How does it rain

16.
 Water evaporates due to
sun's heat
 Water vapour lighter than air,
 Goes higer,cools,condenses-
Fine drop lets of water
 Droplets forms clouds.
 Smaller droplets Bigger drop
can not float
 Fall down on the earth- Rain

17.
Water Cycle
 Rain water flows into rills, streams, rivers and
finally into sea
 Evaporation of this water
 Condensation, rainfall continuously processes
are done

18.
Biosphere
 Variety of living things in different regions.
 Snowbound polar-bear , Africa –Zebras,
Australia-Kangaroos, Hot climate- Elephants,
Lions.
 Living things exist in litho, hydro, atmo
 Living world- biosphere

19.
 Plants, animals, microbes are dependent on one
another
 Biosphere is where living things take birth, live
and die

20.
Three Layer of Earth
 Earth is surface
occupied by land 1/3
and water 2/3
 Litho - soil, rock
 Hydro - Salty, fresh
water reservoir
 Atom –Tropo, strato
 Bio - All living things