2. All the things in this world are made
of matter
Living thing
Non-living thing

3. All the matter can be split up into tiny
units. These units are so small that we
cannot even see them. These tiny units
are called molecules.
Experiment of chalk
A piece of chalk is made of matter. Now suppose
we want to see what this matter is made of. We
will have to break this piece of chalk down into
Smaller pieces.
A scientist can break down the tiny visible piece
of chalk even further till it becomes invisible to
eye. These invisible particles are Molecules.

4. A molecule can be further broken down
into still smaller units called atoms.
Dust of chalk

5. Three forms of matter

6. Solids
• The molecules are
closely packed
• There is not much
space between them
so they can not move
easily
• This keep them a
definite shape and
volume
• E.g.: Wood, salt, iron

7. Liquids
• The molecules are
not so closely packed
• They have more
space between them
to move
• So liquid can flow and
do not have a definite
shape
• E.g.: Oil, water, cold
drink, petrol

8. Gases
• The molecules have lot of space between
them
• They can move around more freely
• Do not have definite shape
• E.g.: Oxygen, nitrogen, chlorine, carbon

9. Experiment
• Ice, water, boiling
vapor

10. Solution
Solute + Solvent = Solution

11. Experiment
• Potassium permanganate
+ water = Pink solution
• The solute has filled in the
space between the
molecules of the liquid.

12. Miscible liquids
• Some liquids can dissolve in water, they are
called Miscible liquids.
Experiment: milk + water= Milk water

13. Immiscible liquids
• Immiscible liquids are
those which do not
dissolve in water, such
as oil.

14. Gases in water
• Some gases are
dissolve in water.
• Fish and other water
animals breath in the
oxygen dissolved in
water.

15. Carbon dioxide is dissolved in colas to
make them fizzy.