Presentation from EPA Transboundary Research Workshop, Galway, 8th and 9th September 2010. For more information, see http://www.epa.ie/whatwedo/climate/climatechangeresearch/transboundaryairpollution/

1. EPA Transboundary Air Pollution Research Workshop 8th and 9th September 2010 Radisson Blu Hotel Galway David Dodd Scientific Officer Climate Change Unit

2. Presentation overview Workshop objectives EPA – responsibilities in the transboundary area Transboundary projects and fellowships – monitoring, modelling, inventories, research , reporting CLRTAP - Who does what ?

3. Workshop objectives Share progress of ongoing researchin Transboundary area Discuss gaps and issues that need to be addressed Visit Mace Head research station ( 9th September)

4. Transboundary pollution: Definitions Long Range Transboundary air pollution means: ‘air pollution whose physical origin is situated wholly or in part within the national jurisdiction of one state and which has adverse effects in the area under the jurisdiction of another State at such a distance that it is not generally possible to distinguish the contribution of individual emission sources or groups of sources ‘(CLRTAP, 1979) Transboundary pollution ‘Pollution emitted in one country and transported naturally to other countries’ (EPA SOE Report 2008).

5. Source: NUIG

6. Climate Change Research Programme

8. Transboundary Air Pollution

10. Office of Environmental Assessment

11. EC Air Quality Directives

12. 1st Daughter Directive 1999/30/EC PM10, SO2,NO2, Pb

13. 2nd Daughter Directive 2000/69/EC CO, Benzene

14. 3rd Daughter Directive 2002/3/EC Ozone

15. 4th Daughter Directive 2004/107/EC Metals, PAH

16. The Clean Air for Europe Directive (CAFÉ) of 21 May 2008 replaces the Air Framework Directive and first three Daughter Directives. It entered into force on 21 May 2008.

17. Transboundary Monitoring Ireland is a party to numerous Transboundary protocols and conventions; Convention on Long Range Transboundary Air Pollution (CLRTAP) Gothenburg Protocol – (SOx, NOx, NM3, VOCs) Stockholm Convention – (Persistent Organic Pollutants) CAFÉ – (Clean Air for Europe) Some transboundary pollutants have radiative properties, or common sources, and are of concern regarding climate change Synergy in infrastructure and monitoring requirements Long term sites Mace Head, Galway and Valentia, Kerry. New sites at Malin Head, Oak Park and Carnsore point run in cooperation with Teagasc and Met Éireann established under TXB project (Leinert)

19. Inventories Inventories of emissions from different sectors Annual reporting requirements for CLRTAP, NEC, LCP

20. Projections Projections of emissions from different sectors Based on emission factors, energy forecasts etc.

21. EPA Funded Projects year-1 2007 Call – Julian Aherne -Trent University Acid Sensitive Lakes Upland acid-sensitive lakes (n = 150) sampled during 97 & 08 for major anions and cations 2008 Call – Julian Aherne – Trent University Critical Loads Critical Load for nutrient Nitrogen

22. 2007 Call – UCD – Timoney – ETASCIProject Improved Emissions Inventories for NOx and Particulate Matter from Small Combustion Installations in Ireland EPA Funded Projects

23. 2007 Call – UCC – BIOCHEA Analysis of the development and occurrence of chemical and biological aerosols EPA Funded Projects

24. 2007 Call – APEnvEcon – A. Kelly IMP Ireland Multi sectoral, multi pollutant integrated assessment modelling including transport GAINS Model – Enables analyses of GHG and air quality issues under a range of policy scenarios EPA Funded Project

25. EPA Funded Project 2006 ERTDI Call – Ozone Trends in Ireland – NUIG – Trapathi / Jennings

26. EPA Funded Fellowship 2009 EPA Fellowship Call ‘Modelling Transboundary Air Pollution’ Saji Varghese with NUIG. Supervisor Prof Colin O’ Dowd working in conjunction with Met Éireann (R.Mc Grath)

27. EPA Funded Fellowship 2009 Fellowship call – Transboundary Monitoring Network Michal Geever –NUIG - Supervisor Brian Ward

28. EPA Funded Fellowship 2009 Fellowship Call – Mace Head Research Station Darius Ceburnis– Supervisor Colin O’ Dowd

29. Earth Observation RSPsoc Conference UCC Aug 31st to Sept 3rd Atmospheric sensing

30. (Source: Iceland Volcano May 2010, ESA – Envisat – MERIS)

31. (Source: Russian fires – July 2010, ESA – Envisat – MERIS)

32. (Source: Quebec Fires – May 2010, NASA – MODIS – Terra)

33. (Source: Bolivia Fires, Aug 10 NASA – MODIS – Terra)

34. (Source: Louisiana Oil spill, NASA – MISR – Terra)

37. EPA/DEHLG DEHLG EPA Coillte EPA/ DAFF ? EPA/ Met Eireann ? EPA / (Trent Univ) EPA ? EPA (APEnvEcon)

38. Who is doing what ? Measurement EPA, Met Éireann, NPWS, NUIG, UCC Modelling EPA, Met Éireann, NUIG Inventories and Projections EPA with input from DAFF, SEI, etc. Effects EPA, Coillte (Forests), OPW (Buildings), Policy and Regulation DEHLG Enforcement EPA

39. Future actions Gather information from all stakeholders on work in transboundary area Continue to fund relevant research on transboundary issues within available budget Develop a strategy / vision document for coordination of work in this area in Ireland Continuecoordination process

40. EPA Climate Change Unit – Social Networking