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Connecting Sustainable Transport to
Urban Development
Henriette Vamberg, Head of Cities – Gehl Architects
Mumbai 15 April 2013
Henriette Vamberg, Director
Gehl Architects
4 DIFFERENT CITIES


1.MOSCOW – business as usual
2.MELBOURNE - stepping up city quality
3.BOGOTA – mobility for all
4.NEW YORK – pilot projects as part of a
transformational process




 Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
MOSCOW




Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
Moscow
MELBOURNE




Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
Melbourne, - 3 mio. Inh.
Places for People Melbourne
1994




Places for People Melbourne
2004
streets = 80%
1993 - 2004              From
1.000 to 10.000 residents in the city
centre
67%
public space in 1983
accessible all hours
public space in 1993
accessible all hours
public space in 2004
accessible all hours
accessible business hours
pedestrian zone - lunchtimes
Extention and modernization of the Streetcar System
extent of bluestone
paving in 2004




A policy of wide sidewalks with Bluestone pavements
1983




          = 5 dwellings
1987




          = 5 dwellings
1992

738 dwellings




                   = 5 dwellings
1997

3,763 dwellings




                     = 5 dwellings
                     convenience store
2000

7,399 dwellings




                     = 5 dwellings
                     convenience store
2002

9,895 dwellings




                     = 5 dwellings
                     convenience store
street trees
since 1993
1992   2005




1992




1992
Outdoor Cafes




                •    curbside cafes in 1983
Outdoor Cafes




                •    curbside cafes in 1993
Outdoor Cafes




                •    curbside cafes in 2004
•   3311 per cent increase in apartments 1982-2002;
•   830 per cent more residents 1992-2002;
•   71 percent more public space 1994-2004;
•   62 per cent more students in the CDB 1993-2004;
•   275 per cent more cafes and restaurants 1993-2004;
•   pedestrian traffic has nearly doubled In the Bourke
     Street Mall between 1993 and 2004 from 43,000
     people per day to 81,000;
•   Night time pedestrian traffic has increased 98 per cent
     1993-2004 reflecting the growth of bars and café’s and
     a safer, more welcoming environment
Retail




       Residential

Office Vacancies

     Employment

  Bars and Pubs
BOGOTA




Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
NEW YORK




Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
CHALLENGES

1. Future growth _ + 1 mio. New Yorkers by 2030.

2. An overcrowded and worn-down public transport system

3. Congested streets and avenues
        50% of all car trips in Manhattan are less than 1 km

4. Congested sidewalks

5. Few and overused places for recreation

6. Generally a low public space quality

7. Increasing issues around obesity and inactive lifestyles

8. Increasing awareness on sustainability


   Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
A GREENER, GREATER NEW YORK
Major Goals

o Cut annual traffic fatalities by 50% (from 2007 level)
o Implement system of rapid bus lines
o Double bicycle commuting from 2007 to 2012
o Institute complete-street design policy
o Institute programs to treat streets as public space
o Reduce agency energy and vehicle use
9th Avenue Protected
Bike Lane/Complete Street




               9th Avenue first year of operation:
               • Crashes of all kinds down 56%
               • Bicycle volume up by 50%
Grand Street
Cross-town
Safety in Numbers

 14,000


 12,000


 10,000
                                           NYCDOT bicycle
                                           screen-line counts
  8,000


  6,000


  4,000

                        Annual cycling casualties (injuries + fatalities)
  2,000


    -
          1999   2000    2001    2002   2003    2004    2005    2006    2007   2008
Pilot projects in New York
Herald Square - before




           Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
Herald Square - after




           Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
Herald Square - before




           Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
Herald Square - after




           Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
Madison Square


Madison Square Park- after
Times Square
- before




          Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
Times Square
- after




          Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
A place more accessible for all




       Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
Opportunities to meet and interact




     Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
Opportunities for fun and entertainment
Opportunities for fun and entertainment
Reclaiming public space
and easing congestion
17% improved travel time for vehicular traffic

11% more pedestrians

63% reduction in traffic accidents

35% reduction in pedestrian casualties

80% less pedestrians in the roadway

84% increased stationary activities in Times Square
www.gehlarchitects.com
blog
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Henriette vamberg opening session - connect karo

  • 1. Connecting Sustainable Transport to Urban Development Henriette Vamberg, Head of Cities – Gehl Architects
  • 2. Mumbai 15 April 2013 Henriette Vamberg, Director
  • 4.
  • 5. 4 DIFFERENT CITIES 1.MOSCOW – business as usual 2.MELBOURNE - stepping up city quality 3.BOGOTA – mobility for all 4.NEW YORK – pilot projects as part of a transformational process Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 6. MOSCOW Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 7.
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11.
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15.
  • 16.
  • 17.
  • 18.
  • 19.
  • 20.
  • 21.
  • 22.
  • 23.
  • 24.
  • 25. MELBOURNE Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 26. Melbourne, - 3 mio. Inh.
  • 27. Places for People Melbourne 1994 Places for People Melbourne 2004
  • 28.
  • 30. 1993 - 2004 From 1.000 to 10.000 residents in the city centre
  • 31. 67%
  • 32. public space in 1983 accessible all hours
  • 33. public space in 1993 accessible all hours
  • 34. public space in 2004 accessible all hours accessible business hours pedestrian zone - lunchtimes
  • 35.
  • 36. Extention and modernization of the Streetcar System
  • 37. extent of bluestone paving in 2004 A policy of wide sidewalks with Bluestone pavements
  • 38. 1983  = 5 dwellings
  • 39. 1987  = 5 dwellings
  • 40. 1992 738 dwellings  = 5 dwellings
  • 41. 1997 3,763 dwellings  = 5 dwellings  convenience store
  • 42. 2000 7,399 dwellings  = 5 dwellings  convenience store
  • 43. 2002 9,895 dwellings  = 5 dwellings  convenience store
  • 45. 1992 2005 1992 1992
  • 46. Outdoor Cafes •  curbside cafes in 1983
  • 47. Outdoor Cafes •  curbside cafes in 1993
  • 48. Outdoor Cafes •  curbside cafes in 2004
  • 49.
  • 50. 3311 per cent increase in apartments 1982-2002; • 830 per cent more residents 1992-2002; • 71 percent more public space 1994-2004; • 62 per cent more students in the CDB 1993-2004; • 275 per cent more cafes and restaurants 1993-2004; • pedestrian traffic has nearly doubled In the Bourke Street Mall between 1993 and 2004 from 43,000 people per day to 81,000; • Night time pedestrian traffic has increased 98 per cent 1993-2004 reflecting the growth of bars and café’s and a safer, more welcoming environment
  • 51. Retail Residential Office Vacancies Employment Bars and Pubs
  • 52. BOGOTA Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 53.
  • 54. Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 55. Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 56. Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 57. Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 58. Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 59. Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 60. Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 61. Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 62. Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 63. Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 64. Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 65. Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 66. Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 67. Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 68. Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 69. Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 70. Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 71. Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 72. Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 73. Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 74. Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 75. Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 76. Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 77. Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 78. Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 79.
  • 80. NEW YORK Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 81. CHALLENGES 1. Future growth _ + 1 mio. New Yorkers by 2030. 2. An overcrowded and worn-down public transport system 3. Congested streets and avenues 50% of all car trips in Manhattan are less than 1 km 4. Congested sidewalks 5. Few and overused places for recreation 6. Generally a low public space quality 7. Increasing issues around obesity and inactive lifestyles 8. Increasing awareness on sustainability Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 82. A GREENER, GREATER NEW YORK
  • 83. Major Goals o Cut annual traffic fatalities by 50% (from 2007 level) o Implement system of rapid bus lines o Double bicycle commuting from 2007 to 2012 o Institute complete-street design policy o Institute programs to treat streets as public space o Reduce agency energy and vehicle use
  • 84.
  • 85. 9th Avenue Protected Bike Lane/Complete Street 9th Avenue first year of operation: • Crashes of all kinds down 56% • Bicycle volume up by 50%
  • 87. Safety in Numbers 14,000 12,000 10,000 NYCDOT bicycle screen-line counts 8,000 6,000 4,000 Annual cycling casualties (injuries + fatalities) 2,000 - 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008
  • 88. Pilot projects in New York
  • 89. Herald Square - before Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 90. Herald Square - after Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 91. Herald Square - before Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 92. Herald Square - after Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 94. Times Square - before Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 95. Times Square - after Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 96. A place more accessible for all Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 97. Opportunities to meet and interact Gehl Architects · Urban Quality Consultants · Gl. Kongevej 1, 4.tv · 1610 Copenhagen V · Denmark · www.gehlarchitects.dk
  • 98. Opportunities for fun and entertainment
  • 99. Opportunities for fun and entertainment
  • 100.
  • 101. Reclaiming public space and easing congestion
  • 102. 17% improved travel time for vehicular traffic 11% more pedestrians 63% reduction in traffic accidents 35% reduction in pedestrian casualties 80% less pedestrians in the roadway 84% increased stationary activities in Times Square
  • 103.
  • 105. blog