Brazil's Public Policies Driving Sustainable Transport
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The document summarizes Brazil's public policies for sustainable transportation, including the Urban Mobility Law of 2012 which required cities to develop mobility plans. It discusses some of the impacts of these policies, such as 5,570 cities being reached and 168 million people impacted. It provides examples of projects funded by $35 billion for urban public transport investments, such as BRT systems in Belo Horizonte and Rio de Janeiro benefiting millions of citizens through reduced travel times and increased access.
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Brazil's Public Policies Driving Sustainable Transport
- 1. Daniela Facchini Director of Projects & Operations EMBARQ Brasil PUBLIC POLICIES TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE TRANSPORTATION IN BRAZIL ConnectKaro 2015, New Delhi Stories to watch from around the world
- 2. Rio de Janeiro Brasilia Belo Horizonte The problem to be addressed
- 3. 1) Urban Mobility Law (2012) Urban Mobility Plans SIMU Capacity building for cities 2) Plan for accelerating the growth (PAC) Federal financing for infrastructure Public policies in place
- 4. 3,065cities required to develop plans by Apr-2015
- 5. To monitor cities in implementing Mobilty Plans Mobility indicators
- 6. 5,570 cities reached 168 mi people impacted
- 8. 1) Urban Mobility Law (2012) Urban Mobility Plans SIMU Capacity building for cities 2) Plan for accelerating the growth (PAC) Federal financing for infrastructure That was the plan!!
- 10. USD 35 bi for investments in urban public transport $ $ $ $
- 11. 56medium size cities submitted projects BRASIL BRT / busways Metro / LRT / monorail
- 14. 23 km BRT network 3 corridors MOVE
- 15. 700k people benefited per day 50% travel time reduction MOVE
- 16. Rio de Janeiro 160 km BRT network 11.8 mi inhabitants
- 17. TransOeste TransBrasil TransCarioca TransOlímpica Source: Rio de Janeiro Municipality 2 mipass/day (by 2017) BRT network
- 18. 39 km corridor TransCarioca - connects the city
- 21. 600citizens in Public Participation meetings
Notas do Editor
- Good afternoon, it is a pleasure to be here, with friends, to talk a little bit about what is happening around the world. I am here today to share with you the current public policies towards sustainable transportation in Brazil, and I will also present some examples from Belo Horizonte, Rio de Janeiro and Florianopolis.
- At first, a general idea of what was going on in Brazil. Urban transportation was unsustainable. Congestion, poor quality of service, too much time spent on commuting. Something needed to be done to address this scenario. People were to the streets complaining and protesting against the bad quality of service. It is not solved yet, but some national policies are helping cities to a improve their transportation services.
- The main step towards sustainability was the launching of the Urban Mobility Law. It took 18 years to be approved, but it finally was enacted in 2012. The Law foresees 3 main actions: Cities have to develop urban mobility plans The Ministry of Cities has to develop an online platform – SIMU – to concentrate urban mobility information The Ministry of Cities has to provide guidelines and help build capacity in cities I will explain them all in the next slides The second and complementary policy is the federal funding for cities. This is the money for cities to implement the projects included in their mobility plans.
- All the cities with more than 20 thousand inhab, plus touristic cities, cities that belong to a metropolitan region and cities located at risk areas must develop urban mobility plans. And, according to the Law, these urban mobility plans should: - Link urban mobility to land use - Be aligned with other sectorial plans: as sanitation, housing, education - Be aligned with surrounding cities - Consider sustainability in several different aspects, as financial, socioeconomic, environmental, technical sustainability - Should also be a participatory process: civil society must be encouraged to participate in the discussions to guarantee continuity across political terms - And the plans must be reviewed and update periodically According to the Mobility Law, cities that don’t have mobility plans ready by April 2015 will not have access to the next PAC, or tranche of Federal funding. We are late, as the deadline is today.
- SIMU: The Law requires the Ministry of Cities to develop a Brazilian National Urban Mobility Information System to measure impact and track progress of planning and implementation of projects. Some pilot applications are validating the nearly 200 SIMU indicators as well as identifying difficulties faced by city staff during data collection. Every pilot application is leading to improvements in the current set of indicators.
- Building capacity in cities is key to the success of these policies. Some cities have an idea on what they have to do, but the challenge is how to do it. That’s why the Ministry of Cities is up to launch a revised version of the National Guidelines on How to Build Sustainable Cities. PlanMob was revised to include all the sustainable aspects of the Mobility Law as well as the importance of encouraging public engagement in the development of the mobility plans. PlanMob should be launched now in April and will be distributed to all 5,570 cities in Brazil. Out of the 200 million people in Brazil, 84% that live in urban areas can be impacted by building better cities.
- One of the main chapters of PlanMob is the step-by-step methodology on how to develop and implement a Mobility Plan. It starts with institutional setup, building the vision of the future of the city, and all arrangements before contracting the development of the plan. What is happening right now is that cities are contracting services using broad ToR, so the work is basically being copied and pasted from one city to another. That’s why we recommend following all the necessary steps, including public participation, towards a better result at the end. And there is also a step (number 5) on approving the plan, by the city chamber, in order to turn it into a Law. Everything we can make to ensure the plan survives political changes. This step by step ends with the implementation of projects that are inside the plan, evaluation of goals and revision in 5 years.
- That was the plan, and this is a good plan: first you build capacity in cities and ask them to develop mobility plans, with civil society. Plans should link mobility to land use and other sectorial plans. There is a mobility observatory in place (SIMU) to track the evolution of cities. Than the government provides grants and financing to build infrastructure according to the plans. This is great! But did it happen? Well… the Law took 18 years to be approved, it was approved in 2012. And in the meanwhile….
- In 2009 World Cup 2014 was announced to be in 12 cities in Brazil Soon after that, Summer Olympics 2016 was announced to be in Rio de Janeiro So, it is a Government decision: should we wait for these host cities to have their mobility plans ready and approved, and then release the PAC funding? No….. we couldn’t wait.
- PAC World Cup and Olympics was released in 2010, USD 4 bi Big cities complained: they said “we will also be affected by WC, we also need funding” PAC Mobility Big Cities was announced in 2011, USD 11 bi Medium sized cities complained: why only the big cities? They have more money, the medium sized cities are the cities of the future, we need a sustainable growth PAC Mobility Medium sized cities was announced in 2012, USD 3 bi June 2013 protests: more than 1 million people in the streets asking for high quality urban transportation! PACTO was launched (financing and grants) in 2013, USD 17 bi
- Current scenario and lessons being learned: Cities have financial resources to implement projects BUT Cities don’t have projects, they have ideas based on perception AND Cities don’t have financial resources to develop the Urban Mobility Plans Challenges: - Low quality projects are being rejected by the financing agency in charge of the federal disbursements - Less than 1/3 of PACs was released so far - Plans are being copy-pasted from 1 city to another - Public participation, that is mandatory by Law, is being considered only as a final public hearing - Guidelines on how to build a sustainable urban plan (PlanMob) is still to be launch by the Federal Government now in April - Capacity building program (36-hour online course to all cities was not launched yet) BUT, even if we are delayed, that set policies is being crucial for improving transportation services in more than 80 cities. It’s a start.
- And we have cities that are doing very well, and are inspiring other cities.
- Belo Horizonte launched PlanMob-BH, the first comprehensive urban Mobility Plan in Brazil, in 2010, even before the Urban Mobility Law The plan – and the projects being implemented - integrate transport and land use And the mobility plan is being reviewed and including public participation
- As part of the plan, MOVE was launched in 2014, the BRT system is completing 1 year now. The integrated network also includes busways and cycling lanes
- This is downtown where the space is now dedicated only for BRT, bikes and pedestrians.
- Mega city of 12 million people is implementing a BRT netowork of 160km
- TransOeste 2012, 56km, 180k/day, 50% travel time reduction TransCarioca 2014, 39km, 220k/day, 60% travel time reduction TransOlimpica (construction) 2016, 26km, 70k/day TransBrasil (design) 2016-17, 32km, 820k/day
- Mobility Plan is being built, with public participation, having the BRT network as the basis
- This is Florianopolis, is an island in the south region of Brazil. Its metropolitan region, in the continent, has 1.2 million people
- BNDES (financing agency in Brazil) granted the state of SC USD 3 million to develop the first Metropolitan Urban Mobility Plan: this plan, called PLAMUS is to be a reference in Brazil for metropolitan regions There are 13 cities involved, 13 different mayors with different thoughts but a common vision of future PLAMUS was developed during 2014, and is to be launched very soon
- PLAMUS was built according to the Mobility Law and counted with active public participation in 17 workshops along the year. All input were organized, summarized and addressed when developing the projects This is what I have to present to you.