Bus Rapid Transit in Asia: From Quantity to Quality

Bus Rapid Transit in Asia: From Quantity to Quality Dario Hidalgo, PhD Senior Transport Engineer EMBARQ, The WRI Center for Sustainable Transport TRB Annual Meeting Washington DC, January 2009

What is a Bus Rapid Transit system? Photo: Karl Fjelstrom - ITDP “ Is a flexible, rubber-tired form of rapid transit that combines stations, vehicles, services, running ways and ITS elements into an integrated system with strong identity” TCRP Report 90 – Bus Rapid Transit – Volume 2: Implementation Guidelines 2003 “ It is a high quality public transport system, oriented to the user that offers fast, comfortable and low cost urban mobility” BRT Planning Guide – ITDP, 2007

BRT in Asia: Operational as Sept 2008 Data Source: http://www.cleanairnet.org/caiasia/1412/article-59592.html Google Map: D. Hidalgo Japan 8 China 8 India 2 Turkey 1 Indonesia 1 South Korea 1 Total 21

BRT Planned or Under Construction in Asia Data Source: http://www.cleanairnet.org/caiasia/1412/article-59592.html Google Map: D. Hidalgo India 16 China 15 Indonesia 8 Philippines 3 Thailand 2 Bangladesh, Iran, Israel, Pakistan, South Korea, Sri Lanka, Turkey 1 Total 51

BRT Components Source: Adapted from TCRP 90 – Volume 2, 2003 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],ITS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Vehicles ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Stations ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Traffic Engineering ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Running Ways High Level BRT Low Level BRT Component

Taipei Busways (1996) Photos: Jason Chang http://ce11012.ce.ntu.edu.tw/paper%5CBeijing%20skchang.pdf

Taipei Busways ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://ce11012.ce.ntu.edu.tw/paper%5CBeijing%20skchang.pdf

Kumming Busway (1999) Photo: Duan Xiaomei - GMTDC

Kumming Busway ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Source: http://www.chinabrt.org/en/cities/kumming.aspx

Beijing, BRT Line 1 (2005) Photo: Karl Fjelstrom - ITDP

Beijing BRT Line 1 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Source: http://www.chinabrt.org/en/cities/beijing.aspx

Hangzhou BRT (2006) Photo: Karl Fjelstrom - ITDP

Hangzhou BRT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Source: http://www.chinabrt.org/en/cities/hangzhou.aspx

Beijing, BRT Lines 2 and 3 (2008) Photo: Karl Fjelstrom - ITDP

Beijing BRT Lines 2 and 3 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Source: http://www.chinabrt.org/en/cities/beijing.aspx

Changzhou BRT (2008) Photo: Karl Fjelstrom - ITDP

Changzhou BRT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Source: http://www.chinabrt.org/en/cities/changzhou.aspx

Chongging BRT (2008) Photo: Karl Fjelstrom - ITDP

Chongging BRT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Source: http://www.chinabrt.org/en/cities/chongqing.aspx

Dalian BRT (2008) Photo: Karl Fjelstrom - ITDP

Dalian BRT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Source: http://www.chinabrt.org/en/cities/dalian.aspx

Jinan BRT (2008) Photo: Karl Fjelstrom - ITDP

Jinan BRT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Source: http://www.chinabrt.org/en/cities/jinan.aspx

Xiamen BRT (2008) Photo: Karl Fjelstrom - ITDP

Xiamen BRT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Source: http://www.chinabrt.org/en/cities/xiamen.aspx

Jakarta, Transjakarta (2004) Photo: ITDP

Transjakarta ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],http://www.itdp.org/index.php/projects/detail/jakarta_brt/ http://www.gobusway.org/images/stories/maps/busway_map_new.jpg

http://www.gobusway.org/images/stories/maps/busway_map_new.jpg

Pune BRT Pilot Corridor (2006) Photo: Madhav Pai - EMBARQ Madhav Pai - EMBARQ

Overcrowded buses Hadapsar Terminal Pune BRT Pilot Corridor Photos: Madhav Pai - EMBARQ No level boarding causes inconveniences to passengers and increases dwell times Inadequate pedestrian crossings

Pune BRT Pilot Corridor ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Source: Pai and Hidalgo, JnNURM Funded BRT Systems in India: A Review, TRB 2009

Photo: Madhav Pai, EMBARQ Delhi BRTS (2008)

Delhi BRTS Initial Corridor ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Source: Pai and Hidalgo, JnNURM Funded BRT Systems in India: A Review, TRB 2009

Photo By: Madhav Pai, EMBARQ/WRI April 26 th , 2008 Photo By: Madhav Pai, EMBARQ/WRI April 26 th , 2008 @ Ambedkar Marg & Mehrauli Badarpur Road Junction Bus priority at junction

Delhi bus corridor had several problems during the first weeks: ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

The difficulties received wide media coverage – focused on the problems for car drivers

Most problems are being corrected, but the concept is in doubt - expansion has slowed down Delhi’s problems resulted in a negative impact for BRT all over India

Conclusions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Photo: Karl Fjelstrom - ITDP

What Went Wrong Hitches, Hic-Ups ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Bus Rapid Transit in Asia: From Quantity to Quality

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Bus Rapid Transit in Asia: From Quantity to Quality