1. The document provides instructions for basic first aid procedures including protecting the victim, alerting emergency services, and providing aid. 2. Specific instructions are given for treating burns, wounds, cuts, and airway obstructions. For burns, the instructions are to cool the burn with running water and carefully remove burned clothing. 3. For airway obstructions, the Heimlich maneuver is described to dislodge partial obstructions while slapping the back is recommended for choking babies less than 1 year old.

1. FIRST AID
P.A.A. – The First Aid course of action.
1. PROTECT- If possible, protect the victim from immediate or continued harm. Make sure the
victim is in a safe location and is no longer in danger. If you are unable to protect the victim
without putting yourself in danger, proceed immediately to step 2.
Depending on the severity of the situation, DO NOT PUT YOURSELF IN HARM TO HELP
THE VICTIM. Proceed immediately to step 2. Two injured people is worse than one.
2. ALERT- After the victim is stabilized, call emergency services. For all emergencies in Spain you
can call 112. When you are travelling, make sure you know the local emergency services
number.
If you determine that the situation is not an emergency, you may proceed to step 3. If
ever there is doubt, it’s best to call emergency services.
3. AID- After the emergency services have been notified, you may help the victim and perform
basic first aid. Below are the steps to follow for specific types of injuries.
BURNS
1. Immediately place the burn (including the clothes) under cool running water to stop the
tissue from burning. DO NOT use extremely cold water or ice, this causes the exact opposite
effect.
2. If the clothes of the victim have been burned, carefully try to remove the clothes from the
burned area BUT STOP REMOVING THE CLOTHES if you notice that you are scratching or
rubbing the skin. Try to cut off as much of the clothing as possible without further damaging the
skin. However, if the clothes are covered in flammable liquids (like gasoline, oils, etc.), continue
to remove clothes to prevent further damage to the skin.
3. If the victim is on fire, you must prevent them from running, this will only increase the
flames. Try to wrap the victim in a blanket or a large coat, it works best if it’s wet, to suffocate

2. (remove the oxygen from) the flames. If you have nothing available, advise the victim to Stop,
Drop, and Roll (on the ground).
WOUNDS AND CUTS
Try to always have the following material available in a First Aid Kit:
- Gauze
- Hydrogen peroxide
- Plasters (Band-Aids or something similar)
- Tweezers
- Scissors
- Antiseptic
1. Always wash your hands first with warm water and soap. When you are tending to the
wound, you want to make sure your hands are clean to prevent infecting the wound or cut with
the germs and bacteria on our hands.
2. If the wound is bleeding slightly, let it continue to bleed for a few moments. On the other
hand, if the cut is bleeding a lot, apply direct pressure to the wound (use gauze whenever
possible) to stop the bleeding.
3. If there are strange objects in the wound, try to remove them, very carefully, with the help of
the tweezers and/or gauze. However, if the objects are stuck, or difficult to remove, let an
experienced person do it.
4. After cleaning the wound, dry it with clean gauze. Swipe the gauze from the inside to the
edges to avoid contamination.
5. Finally, apply an antiseptic, preferably a colorless one.

3. OBSTRUCTION OF THE AIRWAYS
Partial obstruction of the airways:
In this case, a foreign object is not too
embedded and the individual can breathe,
speak and cough. The only thing you need
to do is encourage the person to cough to
loosen the stuck object. WARNING: DO NOT
hit the person on the back, this may cause
the object to become permanently stuck
and make the situation worse.
Complete obstruction of the airways:
The foreign object completely blocks the
larynx and the person cannot cough, hablar
or breathe. They will raise their hands to
their throat and will soon start to turn a
blue-ish color, a sign that oxygen is not
getting to the tissues. If this situation
continues, the person will loose
consciousness. Immediately before this
happens, we can peform the Heimlich
Maneuver.
The Heimlich Maneuver
1. Place yourself behind the person who is choking. Place your arms around the person with
your right hand in a fist, your thumb touching the body near the pit of the stomach, just above
the belly button, and your left hand holding your right fist. (Picture 1)
2. Once your arms are in the correct position, push with force
inwards (towards yourself) and upwards at the same time.
Repeat this forceful movement in series of 6 to 10 thrusts,
until the object comes out of the victim’s mouth. (Picture 2)
Picture 1
Picture 2

4. The Heimlich Maneuver for Babies:
It is not recommended to
perform the standard Heimlich
Maneuver on babies less than 1
year old because it could harm
their delicate internal system.
Instead, place the baby face-
down over your legs (you should
be seated) and apply 4 slaps to
the baby’s back between their
shoulder blades. Repeat this
action until the object is
released. You may combine the
4 slaps with 2 compressions on
the back. (Picture 3)
Picture 3