RESUMEN

2. WHAT IS AIDS?
• AIDS is an acronym that stands
for Acquired Immune Deficiency
Syndrome .
• It is the set of clinical manifestations in
the body derived from the loss of
defenses, secondary to infection by the
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

3. PREVALENCE AND INCIDENCE
• The 2017 UNAIDS data tells us about 37
million people with HIV in the world, with 1.8
million new cases each year (5,700 every day)
and 1 million deaths from AIDS
• Although HIV is a disease that "is
masculinized, since 85% of the new diagnosed
cases occur in men, women also suffer from
this disease

4. CAUSES
The cause is HIV infection, a virus that is
transmitted through blood, sexually and through
breast milk.
The most frequent routes of infection are:
• By sexual intercourse (vaginal, oral or anal ) with an HIV-infected
person.
• By sharing needles , injection equipment or drug use.
• By the so-called vertical transmission (from mother to child).
• Being a recipient of a blood transfusion or a blood product

5. SYMPTOMS
• Once the disease develops, the symptoms are
related to infections or tumors that occur as a
consequence of the loss of function of the immune
system.
• Between 50 and 90 % of people who have been
infected with the AIDS virus experience symptoms
similar to a cold or a mild flu (tiredness, fever, loss of
appetite) that subsides within a few days.
• They may also experience diarrhea , night sweats, or
enlarged lymph nodes.

6. PREVENTION
• To reduce the risk of HIV infection, it is necessary to avoid risky sexual
relations and use barrier contraceptive methods , such as condoms , as well
as not sharing needles or materials for injecting drug use .
• Regarding prevention. The main thing is to diagnose all infected people to treat
them and, in this way, they do not infect other people

7. • There are two types of HIV, they explain from
Gesida: HIV-1 , the majority worldwide and which
is what we usually refer to, and another type, HIV -
2 , which is described mostly in West Africa.
• In general, HIV-2 infection takes longer to evolve
into a symptomatic picture of HIV/AIDS than HIV-1
infection.

8. • The diagnosis is made through a simple blood test
that any doctor can request.
• This test does not look for the presence of HIV, but
for antibodies that have been produced to fight the
virus.
• In the few cases where there could be any doubt ,
additional tests are performed to confirm the
diagnosis, such as the Western blot.
• You can also do a saliva test (currently pharmacies
and NGOs have a self-test or self-diagnosis test).

9. TREATMENTS
Treatment is a combination of three drugs taken once
or twice a day continuously
• Nucleoside analogue reverse transcriptase
inhibitors (Itian).
• Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (Itinn).
• Protease inhibitors (PIs).
• Integrase inhibitors, which are becoming
established as very well tolerated and effective
drugs for the treatment of infection.
The families of drugs that are administered are the following:

10. OPPORTUNISTIC DISEASES
These pathologies encompass a group of diseases that , as their name
indicates, "opportunely" take advantage of the situation of low defenses of HIV-
positive patients to enter the body. These diseases are:
• Pneumocystis carinii
pneumonia
• Tuberculosis
• east infection
• Cytomegalovirus
• Herpes
• Mycobacterium avium (MAC)
infections
• Toxoplasmosis
• Kaposi's sarcoma

11. LIVING WITH AIDS
• However, the patients with HIV/AIDS can live with their disease for a long
time and lead a completely normal life and continue working, as long as
they follow the guidelines recommended by their doctor, eat properly, sleep
regularly and avoid a sedentary lifestyle.
• The possibility of transmission, the chronic nature of this disease and the
complex treatment can affect the patient and cause frustration, anger or
depressio