Cardio awarness newer

CARDIOVASCULAR DISORDERS
PUBLIC AWARENESS PRESENTATION
ON

CARDIOVASCULAR
The term cardiovascular refers to the
heart (cardio) and the blood vessels
(vascular).
The cardiovascular system includes the
• Heart,
• Arteries,
• Veins,
• And Capillaries.
SOURCE: www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/anatomyvideos/000023.htm

CARDIOVASCULA
R
Cardiovascular disorder (Heart disease)
is any disorder that affects the
heart's ability to function normally.
Various forms of heart disease include:
• Hypertension
• Coronary artery disease (CAD)
• Heart failure
• Angina
• Heart attack (myocardial infarction)
• Stroke
SOURCE: www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000147.htm
DISORDER

PREVALANCE
CARDIOVASCULAR
DISORDERS
If you're like most people,
you think that heart
disease is a problem for
other People.
Cardiovascular disorders are
the world’s largest killers,
claiming 17.1 million
lives a year and 1/3
deaths.
SOURCE: www.emro.who.int/pakistan/programmes_ncd.htm

PREVALANCE
CARDIOVASCULAR
DISORDERS
If you think these numbers
don`t concern Pakistan, you
are wrong.
The World Health Organization
(WHO) projects that over the
next 10 years in Pakistan
alone, 6th million people will
die due to CVD disease.
SOURCE: http://archives.dawn.com/archives/6789
(HEART DISEASE: The Risk FactorBy Prof Abdus Samad ,September 27, 2008)
Liaquat Soldier , died of a
Heart attack On 30 March 2011.
Moin Akhter
Died on 22
April 2011 after
suffering from
a Heart attack.

UNDERSTANDING
HYPERTENSION A SILENT KILLER
Hypertensive heart disease
refers to heart problems
that occur because of high
blood pressure
These problems include:
•Coronary artery disease
•Heart failure
SOURCE: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000163.htm

The estimated total number of
adults with hypertension in 2000
was 972 million
The number of adults with
hypertension in 2025 was
predicted to increase by about
60% to a total of 1.56
billion.
SOURCE: M Kearney Patricia et al,The Lancet, Volume 365, Issue 9455, Pages 217 - 223, 15
January 2005
GLOBAL PREVALANCE OF
HYPERTENSION

HYPERTENSION IN PAKISTAN
TIME TO TAKE SOME SERIOUS
ACTION
The National Health Survey of Pakistan
estimated that hypertension affects
18% of adults with every 3rd person
over the age of 40 becoming
increasingly vulnerable to a wide range
of diseases.
Source: British Journal of General Practice, June 2010

HYPERTENSION IN PAKISTAN
TIME TO TAKE SOME SERIOUS
ACTION
Source: British Journal of General Practice, June 2010
It was also mentioned that only 50%
of the people with hypertension were
diagnosed and that only half of those
diagnosed were ever treated.
Thus, only 12.5% of hypertension
cases were adequately controlled.

ORGAN WHICH MAY AFFECT BY
HYPERTERNTION
Effects on the Heart and Blood Vessels
• According to the American Heart Association,
untreated high blood pressure inflicts tears in the
walls of blood vessels, lead to development of
plaques or atherosclerosis
SOURCE: www.livestrong.com/article/117888-effects-hypertension-organs/

OTHER THE ORGANS WHICH MAY
AFFECT BY
HYPERTERNTION
• Effects on the Brain
• Effects on the Kidneys
• Effects on the Eyes
SOURCE: www.livestrong.com/article/117888-effects-hypertension-organs/

•Confusion
•Ear noise or buzzing
•Fatigue
•Headache
•Nosebleed
SYMPTOMS OF HIGH
BLOOD PRESSURE
Most of the time, there are no
symptoms. Symptoms that may occur
include:

RISK FACTORS OF HIGH
BLOOD
PRESSURE
•Family history
•Smoking
•Lack of Physical activity
•Stress and anger
•High blood cholesterol
•Obesity
Source:http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000
468.htm

UNDERSTANDING
CORONARY ARTERY
DISEASE
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is
the most common type of heart
disease.
CAD happens when the arteries that
supply blood to heart muscle
become hardened and narrowed,
due to the buildup of cholesterol.
This buildup is called atherosclerosis
SOURCE: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/coronaryarterydisease.html

UNDERSTANDING
ANGINA
SOURCE: www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/imagepages/18048.htm
Angina is a specific type of
pain in the chest caused by
inadequate blood flow
through the blood vessels
(coronary vessels) of the
heart muscle (myocardium).

UNDERSTANDING
HEART ATTACK
SOURCE: www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/imagepages/18048.htm
As atherosclerosis grows, less blood
can flow through the arteries. As
a result, the heart muscle can't
get the blood or oxygen it needs.
This can lead to a Heart attack
Most Heart attacks happen when a
blood clot suddenly cuts off the
hearts' blood supply, causing
permanent heart damage.

UNDERSTANDING
HEART FAILURE
SOURCE: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/heartfailure.html
• Heart failure is a
condition in which the
heart can't pump enough
blood throughout the
body.
• Heart failure does not
mean that your heart has
stopped or is about to
stop working. It means
that your heart is not
able to pump blood the
way it should.

UNDERSTANDING
HEART FAILURE
The weakening of the
heart's pumping ability
causes
• Blood and fluid to back up
into the lungs
• The buildup of fluid in the
feet, ankles and legs -
called edema
• Tiredness and shortness
of breath

UNDERSTANDING
STROKE
Strokes happen when
blood flow to your
brain stops. Within
minutes, brain cells
begin to die.
The more common kind, called
ischemic stroke, is caused by a
blood clot that blocks or plugs a
blood vessel in the brain.

STRATEGIES
TO HELP PREVENT HEART
DISEASE
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/heart-disease-prevention/WO00041
You can prevent heart disease by following a
heart-healthy lifestyle.
1.Don't smoke or use tobacco
Chemicals in tobacco can damage your
heart and blood vessels and causes
atherosclerosis.
When it comes to heart disease
prevention, no amount of smoking is
safe.

STRATEGIES
DISEASE
http://www.mayoclinic.com/health/heart-disease-prevention/WO00041
2.Exercise for 30 minutes on most
days of the week
Physical activity helps you control
your weight and can reduce strain on
your heart.
It also reduces stress, which may be
a factor in heart disease.

STRATEGIES
DISEASE
Source:www.mayoclinic.com/health/heart-disease prevention/WO00041
3. Eat a heart-healthy diet
Eating foods that are low in fat,
cholesterol and salt.
The diet is rich in fruits, vegetables,
whole grains, which can help protect
your heart. Beans, and certain types of
fish also can reduce your risk of heart
disease.

STRATEGIES
DISEASE
4. Maintain a healthy weight
As you put on weight in adulthood,
your weight gain is mostly fat
rather than muscle. This excess
weight can lead to conditions that
increase your chances of heart
disease — high blood pressure,
high cholesterol and diabetes

STRATEGIES
DISEASE
One way to see if your weight is
healthy is to calculate your body
mass index (BMI), determining
whether you have a healthy or
unhealthy percentage of body fat.
BMI numbers 25 and higher are
associated with an increased risk
of heart disease and stroke.

STRATEGIES
DISEASE
waist circumference also is a
useful tool to measure how much
abdominal fat you have:
•Men are considered overweight if
their waist measurement is greater
than 40 inches
•Women are overweight if their
waist measurement is greater than
35 inches

STRATEGIES
DISEASE
5. Get regular health screenings
High blood pressure and high
cholesterol can damage your heart
and blood vessels.
Regular screening can tell you
what your numbers are and
whether you need to take action

STRATEGIES
DISEASE
Source:
*www.mayoclinic.com/health/heart-disease
prevention/WO00041
*JAMA 2003;289:2560–71.
BLOOD PRESSURE:
•Adults should have their blood
pressure checked at least every
two years.
JNC VII GUIDELINES

STRATEGIES
DISEASE
Cholesterol levels:
Adults should have their
cholesterol measured at least
once every five years starting
at age 20.

STRATEGIES
DISEASE
Diabetes screening. Since
diabetes is a risk factor for
developing heart disease,
Screening be may done some
times between ages 30 and 45,
and then retesting every three
to five years.

DIAGNOSIS OF HEART
DISEASES
Electro-cardiogram

DIAGNOSIS OF HEART
DISEASES
Coronary
Angiography

Many people are able to manage
heart diseases with lifestyle
changes and medications.
TREATMENT OF HEART DISEASE
Other people with
severe coronary artery
disease may need
angioplasty or surgery.

TO TAKE CARE OF YOUR HEART
IS SO IMPORTANT
You have learnt to
take care of yourself but
the story never ends

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