It is the science that deals with the mental power or an interaction between the conscious and subconscious element in a child. It explains the dental application of child's behavior in during treatment.

1. THEORIES OF
CHILD
PSYCHOLGY

2. INTRODUCTION
• PSYCHOLOGY: is the science dealing with
human nature, function and phenomenon of
his soul in the main.
• CHILD PSYCHOLOGY: is the science that
deals with the mental power or an interaction
between the conscious and subconscious
element in a child.
• BEHAVIOUR MANAGEMENT: The means by
which dental health team effectively and
efficiently performs treatment for a child and
simultaneously in stills a positive dental
attitude in the child.

3. THEORIES OF CHILD PSYCHOLOGY - It is classified into two
groups:
• Psychodynamic theories:
Psychoanalytical/psycosexual theory-Freud
Psycho social theory-Eric Erickson
Cognitive theory- piaget
• Behavioral Theories:
Hierarchy of needs-Maslow
Social learning theory-Bandura
Classical conditioning-Pavlov
Operant conditioning-Skinner

4. Psychoanalytical theory (Sigmund Freud) :
Psychic structure proposed by Freud in psycho dynamic theory composed
of three parts
1. Id: Freud believed that the id is based on our pleasure principle. In
other words, the id wants whatever feels good at the time, with no
consideration for the reality of the situation. Hence, id: “the inherited
reservoir of unorganised drives”.( the pleasure principle (German:
Lustprinzip) is the instinctual seeking of pleasure and avoiding
of pain in order to satisfy biological and psychological needs.
Specifically, the pleasure principle is the driving force guiding the id.)
Psychodynamic theory

5. 2. Ego: It develops out of Id in the second to
sixth month of life when the infant begins to
distinguish between itself and the outside world. It
is the mediation between Id and super Ego. Unlike
Id, Ego is governed by the reality principle. It is
concerned with memory and judgment. It is
developed after birth, expands with age and it
delays ,modifies and controls Id impulses on a
realistic level. Hence, the ego is the mediating part
of personality, which develops out of interaction of
id and environment.
3. Super Ego: it is the prohibition learned from
environment. It acts as a censor of acceptability of
thoughts, feelings and behaviour. It is determined
by regulations imposed upon the child by parents,
society, and culture. Hence, The
superego's criticisms, prohibitions, and inhibitions
form a person's conscience, and its positive
aspirations and ideals represent one's idealized
self-image, or “ego ideal.”

6. Freud’s stages of
development:
• Oral stage (birth-18months)
• Anal stage(18months-3years)
• Phallic stage(3-7years)
• Latent stage(7-11years)
• Genital stage(11-18years)

7. Drawbacks:
• Too much emphasis has been placed on the role of sexuality in
psychological development.
• Role of society in development of behaviour has been totally
neglected.

8. PSYCHOSOCIAL THEORY (ERIK ERIKSON): It explains a series of eight
stages, in which a healthy developing individual should pass through from infancy to late
adulthood.

9. PSYCOSOCIAL THEORY

19. CONGENITIVE THEORY (Jean Piaget): It is an approach to
psychology that attempts to explain human behaviour by understanding your thought
processes.