This document provides an overview of 3D printing. It discusses the history of 3D printing, which began in 1984 with the development of stereolithography. It then defines 3D printing as a form of additive manufacturing that creates three-dimensional objects by laying down successive layers of material. The document outlines several common 3D printing methods like stereolithography, selective laser sintering, and fused deposition modeling. It also discusses the advantages and disadvantages of 3D printing, as well as applications in industries like healthcare, engineering, and consumer products.

1. PRESENTED BY
DHRUVIL PATEL
DHRUVILKUMARPATEL@GMAIL.COM
3-D Printing

2. Outline
 Introduction
 History
 What is 3-d printing??
 General principal
 How it work??
 Different method of 3-d Printing
 Print head
 Advantage
 Disadvantage
 Conclusion
 References

3. Introduction
 3D printing is a modern technology in which 3
dimensional objects are printed from digital data
 Three dimensional object is created by laying down
successive layers of material

4. History
 The technology for printing physical 3D objects from
digital data was first developed by Chuck Hull in
1984. He named the technique as Stereo lithography
and obtained a patent for the technique in 1986

5. What Is 3D Printing?
3D printing is a form of additive manufacturing in
which components are fabricated in an additive
fashion by adding successive layers of material
together
It is also known as:
Rapid prototyping
Additive manufacturing

6. The Basic Idea

7. The Basic Idea Cont.
 If you can slice an object
 You can glue the slices back together
 3D printing builds 3D objects layer by layer
 100-200 layers per inch
 And it is slow--a Lego block can take an hour to
make
 But it’s getting better—rapidly!

9. Additive Manufacturing:
The term additive manufacturing refers to
technologies that create objects through a sequential
layering process. Objects that are manufactured
additively can be used anywhere throughout the
product life cycle

10. General Principles
• Modeling
• Printing
• Finishing

11. Modeling
 Additive manufacturing takes virtual blueprints
from computer aided design (CAD)
or animation modeling software and "slices" them
into digital cross-sections for the machine to
successively use as a guideline for printing.

12. Printing
 To perform a print, the machine reads the design
and lays down successive layers of liquid, powder, or
sheet material to build the model from a series of
cross sections. These layers, which correspond to the
virtual cross sections from the CAD model, are
joined together or automatically fused to create the
final shape. The primary advantage of this technique
is its ability to create almost any shape or geometric
feature.

13. Finishing
 Though the printer-produced resolution is sufficient
for many applications, printing a slightly oversized
version of the desired object in standard resolution,
and then removing material with a higher-resolution
subtractive process can achieve a higher-resolution

14. How 3D Printing Work
A person creates a 3D
image of an item using a
computer-aided design
(CAD) software program.
The CAD information is
sent to the printer.
The printer forms the item
by depositing the material
in layers—starting from
the bottom layer—onto a
platform. In some cases
light or lasers are used to
harden the material.

15. Different Methods
• Stereo lithography
• Selective laser sintering (SLS)
• Fused deposition modeling (FDM)
• Ink-Jet 3D printing

16. Stereolithography
 Stereolithography is a process for creating three-
dimensional objects using a computer-controlled
laser to build the required structure, layer by layer. It
does this by using a resin known as liquid
photopolymer that hardens when in contact with the
air

18. Selective laser sintering
 Selective laser sintering (SLS) is an additive manufacturing
technique that uses a high power laser to fuse small
particles of plastic, metal (direct metal laser
sintering),ceramic or glass powders into a mass that has a
desired 3-dimensional shape

20. Fused deposition modeling (FDM)
• Commonly used for modeling, prototyping, and
production applications.
• Here a hot thermoplastic is extruded from a
temperature-controlled print head to produce
fairly robust objects to a high degree of accuracy.

22. Ink-Jet 3D Printing
 It creates the model one layer at a time by spreading
a layer of powder and inkjet printing binder in the
cross-section of the part.
 It is the most widely used 3-D Printing technology
these days

23. Print Head
 Industrial inkjet printing essentially means using inkjet
technology as a printing or deposition process in manufacturing
or on production lines
 While all inkjet technologies can fundamentally be described as
the digitally controlled ejection of drops of fluid from a print
head onto a substrate, this is accomplished in a variety of ways.
 There are 2-types of print head for the generation of liquid drops
Drop-On-Demand (DOD)
Continuous-Jet (CJ)

24. Drop-On-Demand (DOD)
Drop on demand (DOD) is a broad classification of
inkjet printing technology where drops are ejected
from the print head only when required.
The drops are formed by the creation of a pressure
pulse within the print head.

25. Continuous-Jet (CJ)
 a pump directs fluid from a reservoir to one or more
small nozzles, which eject a continuous stream of
drops at high frequency (in the range of roughly 50
kHz to 175 kHz) using a vibrating piezoelectric
crystal.

26. Value Propositions of 3d printing
 Fabrication on demand
 Shorter product development time due to rapid
prototyping
 Less reliance on logistics
 Mass customization
 Caters to each individual’s wants and needs instead
of mass production and consumption

27. Advantages
 print movable parts
 print items in remote locations
 ability to send items over internet and print out at
home
 plastic used is strong

28. Disadvantages
 no regulations on what can be made example
weapons
 kids could print out dangerous items
 provide advantages for criminals
 counterfeiting
 expensive

29. Fashionable Plaster
 This 3D-printed cast to
help repair broken bones
may be the future of
medical orthopedic casts.
3D-printed casts also bring
out the positive potential of
this emerging technology

30. Artificial Arms for Disabled
 Richard Van As, a South
African carpenter,
assembles a Robohand
and fits it to Liam
Dippenaar. Liam was
born without fingers on
his right hand. Makerbot
provided them with the
3D printing technology
that they used to print
the parts for the
Robohand.

31. Bionic ear
 Scientists, including an
Indian-origin researcher,
have created a 3D-printed
bionic ear that can "hear"
radio frequencies far
beyond the range of
normal human capability.
Using off-the-shelf printing
tools, the scientists at
Princeton University
explored 3D printing of
cells and nano particles,
creating the bionic ear.

32. Grow Your Own Organs
 Surgeon Dr. Anthony
Atala demonstrated
during TED an early-
stage experiment that
could someday solve the
organ-donor problem: a
3D printer that uses
living cells to print out a
transplantable kidney

33. Opportunities of Applications
 Unique back cover
 Printing your own spectacle
 Design & Use instead of Buy & Use

34. Potential New Businesses
 Printing shops
 Printing Leasing
 3-d Printing solutions
for self service
 Online printing services

35. Conclusion
 Nothing communicates ideas faster than a three-
dimensional part or model. With a 3D printer you
can bring CAD files and design ideas to life – right
from your desktop. Test form, fit and function – and
as many design variations as you like – with
functional parts

36. References
 [1]C.L., Leong, K.F., Chua, C.K., Du, Z., 2001. Dual material rapid prototyping
techniques for the development of biomedical devices. Part I. Space creation. Int. J.
Adv. Manuf. Technol. 18 (10), 717–723.
 [2] Lisa Harouni 3D printing entrepreneur available at:-
https://www.ted.com/talks/lisa_harouni_a_primer_on_3d_printing
 [3] Avi Reichental what next in 3d printing available at:
https://www.ted.com/talks/avi_reichental_what_s_next_in_3d_printing
 [4] Bastian Schaefer a 3d printed jumbo jet available at:-
http://www.ted.com/talks/bastian_schaefer_a_3d_printed_jumbo_jet?language=
en
 [5]Anthony atala printing a human kidney
https://www.ted.com/talks/anthony_atala_printing_a_human_kidney

37. Questions..??