The internet is defined as a network of millions of computers connected to each other worldwide. You can relate the term internet to the telephone network or the interstate highway system, which is spread across and interconnected with each other. The internet is the largest information database and has become a vital part of human lives. It enables the users to share ideas and search for information on any topic. The internet has transformed the entire world into a global village

1. INTERNET
SERVICES
BY : DEEPANJOT
CLASS: 6TH GAMMA

2. WHAT IS INTERNET?
The internet is defined as a network
of millions of computers connected
to each other worldwide. You can
relate the term internet to the
telephone network or the interstate
highway system, which is spread
across and interconnected with
each other. The internet is the
largest information database and
has become a vital part of human
lives. It enables the users to share
ideas and search for information on
any topic. The internet has
transformed the entire world into a
global village.

3. HISTORY OF THE INTERNET
In 1969, when man walked on the moon, the US Defence Department set an
Advanced Research Project Agency (ARPA) for further research. They designed
a network of four computers to exchange and share their data. This network
was called the Advanced Research Project Agency Network (ARPANET). Later,
many universities were allowed to join this network and share their
information. This was the beginning of the 'Networking of computers', which
grew bigger day-by-day and gave birth to the Internet, the technology which
has radically changed lives. Earlier, the internet was used by engineers,
scientists, and computer experts for research purpose but gradually the
network was made accessible to private agencies and general public. People
started using it for sending messages and files between any two computers.
In India, the internet services started on 15 August 1995, through a
government-owned company, VSNL. Some of the popular Internet Service
Providers (ISP) in India are BSNL, Tata, Airtel, Reliance, etc.

4. WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW)
The World Wide Web (WWW) or simply web is a means of accessing and
sharing information over the internet. It contains millions of
documents, called Web Pages. Each page contains text, graphics,
video, audio and links to the other web pages called Hyperlinks. To
access and traverse through these web pages, one requires a software
program called Web Browser. The most popular browsers are Google
Chrome, Mozilla Firefox and Internet Explorer. In 1990, while working
at European Council for Nuclear Research (CERN), Sir Tim Berners-Lee
along with Robert Cailliau, invented the World Wide Web. Today, the
World Wide Web is the greatest database of human knowledge
available online.

5. POPULAR SERVICES ON THE INTERNET
• Video
Conferencing
• Chatting
• Instant
Messaging
• Internet Free
Calls
• E-Learning
• E-Banking
• E-Commerce
• Internet TV

6. VIDEO CONFERENCING
Video Conferencing A Video Conference is a mode of
communication that involves exchanging audio and
video at the same time between people sitting at
geographically different locations. The participants
can view each other on their monitors, as well as
hear voice over speakers of their laptops or desktop
computers. It involves the use of camera (webcam)
as well as a microphone. The participants can also
capture video and audio data in real time. Images
and sounds are transmitted through the internet and
delivered to the other participants.
This technology is mainly used for virtual meetings
among a group of people to discuss political,
business, medical, or social affairs. On television,
many times you see that a programme host is
conducting an interview among several participants
sitting in different cities and countries. This is done
through video conferencing. Popular video
conferencing applications include Skype, Adobe
Connect, Zoom, Google Meet, Microsoft Teams, etc.

7. CHATTING
Chatting is a text-based communication between one or more users
in which messages are exchanged back and forth in real time
through a chat software. Chat messages are generally short in order
to enable the other participants to respond quickly. Chat is also
known as Online chat, or Internet chat. It not only allows you to
exchange text messages, but also allows you to interact with the
other users through voice and video chats. There are various types of
chatting platforms available on the internet. One can chat through
instant messenger, a chat room, a chat website, etc. However, most
of them require the user to get registered first. The Chat room is a
designated area or forum on the World Wide Web that allows people
with common interests, friends, relatives, colleagues, or companies
to communicate with each other through instant messaging.
Typically, chat rooms are dedicated to various activities, such as
sports, politics, health issues, television shows, etc. There are
various types of chatting platforms available on the internet. One can
chat through instant messenger, a chat room, a chat website, etc.
However, most of them require the user to get registered first. The
Chat room is a designated area or forum on the World Wide Web that
allows people with common interests, friends, relatives, colleagues,
or companies to communicate with each other through instant
messaging. Typically, chat rooms are dedicated to various activities,

8. Instant messaging is like a private chat room where both the users must be online at
the same time. It is a communication service over the internet that allows the
transmission of text-based messages from a sender to a receiver instantly. Like online
chat, instant messaging offers two-way message exchange in real time. The only
difference between the Instant messaging and Online chat is that in Instant messaging
(IM), the communication takes place between known users and includes only those
people whom the user has invited, whereas, an online chat could happen between the
unknown users too. Some popular IM services in use these days are Google Hangouts,
Facebook Messenger, Skype IM, etc.
INTERNET FREE CALLS
Internet Free Calls The Internet also lets you make free voice calls and video calls to
anyone across the world . You can make these free calls at much lower rates than the
regular calls. Some software used for making the free calls even allow you to send free
messages and videos along with the free internet calls. The only condition is that the
particular software or application should be installed in the devices at both the ends.
After installing the software on a mobile or computer system, you need to create an
account on it. Examples of such software or applications are Skype, Viber, Tango and
INSTANT MESSAGING

9. E-LEARNING
E-learning means 'Electronic Learning'. It refers to learning with the use of
technology that enables the people to learn anytime and anywhere. E-learning
can be implemented by using an internet connection, a network, an intranet,
or a storage disk. It is less expensive than traditional learning and can be used
to impart training to a large group of students same time in an interactive and
interesting manner. Thus, it saves time and reduces for costly classroom-
based training. The quality of the electronic-based training depends primarily
on the content and its delivery. You can download the study material from
universities, which may incorporate various types of media, like audio, text,
virtual environments, video, and animation. There are various websites for e-
learning like Coursera, edx, National Programme on Technology Enhanced
Learning (NPTEL), Khan Academy, etc. Various universities worldwide, like
Harvard, MIT, and even IITs, have launched many free online courses. Besides
distance learning, mobile learning, e-learning, Open Education Resource
(OER), Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC) etc., are being well accepted as
alternative for imparting knowledge to the users.

10. E-BANKING
E-banking stands for Electronic Banking. It is the way of performing bank
transactions using the internet. It enables the customers to perform all routine
transactions, such as account transfers, balance enquiries, bill payments, and
stop payment requests, and some even offer online loan and credit
applications without physically going to a bank. These transactions can be
done from anywhere, irrespective of time, if you have an Internet connection
on your device. As all the services are web enabled; the customer only needs
to log in to the website of to access the centralised database by specifying the
desired bank service.
E-commerce
E-commerce stands for Electronic Commerce, which means online commercial
activities. It involves buying and selling of goods and services, or transmitting
the funds or data over the Internet. Many internet services are available to
promote businesses electronically. The Internet provides you with convenient
ways to shop from your homes or offices for almost everything, such as
movies, games, stationery, apparels, health care and personal products, home
appliances, and electronic items. You can buy or sell new as well as second-

11. INTERNET TV
The Internet TV can be defined as a medium of delivering television content over an internet
connection. To use the internet TV, you must have a broadband connection. The internet TV
is also known as web television and is similar to the cable TV. You can find even more
variety on the internet TV as many websites offer independently produced programs and
unlimited number of channels; keeping the specific interests of people in mind. The internet
TV options include web-based shows, video on demand (VOD), and regular television shows
hosted on the channel's website. You can watch the internet TV on a computer screen,
television screen (using a set-top box), or mobile device like a cell phone or an iPad. Rather
than having a fixed time schedule designed by the channels, consumers can actively search
and retrieve programs of their choice, anytime. Some of the popular independent service
providers of the internet TV are Netflix, Disney Hotstar, Sony LIV, etc.
Internet radio
Internet Radio, as the name suggests, is an online radio service that is broadcasted
over the Internet on dedicated radio servers. It is broadcasted in much the same way as
traditional radio with regard to its presentation and format. Here, the audio stream is
digitised and split into small pieces for transmission across the internet. It provides
the listeners with a continuous stream of audio, which cannot be paused or replayed.
The internet radio has been in existence since the late 1990s. Unlike the traditional
radio station, that has its broadcasting limitation (typically up to 100 miles), the
internet radio has no limitation. It is capable of broadcasting graphics, text, and links
along with the audio, thus serving all the senses of the listeners. The Internet radio is