How Green is your Vivaria

October 8, 2007
VivariumCenterofExcellence
How Green is Your Vivarium?

October 8, 2007
 Sustainability Overview
 What is it?
 Why does it matter?
 How does it impact my campus?
 Sustainable Design
Approach
 Practical Applications –
Case Study
 Next Steps
 Questions & Discussion
Agenda
Planning
Design
Execution

October 8, 2007
What does going Green mean?

October 8, 2007
The ability to meet our needs today
without compromising the ability of
future generations to meet their own
needs.
in other words...achieving a sustainable civilization
What does going Green mean?

October 8, 2007
What is a Sustainable civilization?
Let’s consider this question from
several viewpoints …
 The environment and human health.
 Stable global economy that uses
energy and resources efficiently.
 Social and political structures that lead
to a just society

October 8, 2007
To understand our role, let’s focus on
the first two …
 The environment and human
health.
 Stable global economy that uses
energy and resources efficiently.

October 8, 2007
 Uses technologies to produce needed
goods that do no harm to human health
or the environment.
 Uses renewable resources (plant-based
substances or solar energy) rather than
exhaust the limited supply of fossil fuels.

October 8, 2007
 At the end of their use, manufactured
materials are recycled if not readily
biodegradable (easily broken down into
harmless substances in the
environment).

October 8, 2007
 Manufacturing processes are either
designed so as not to produce waste
products
– OR –
 Waste products are recycled or made
biodegradable.

October 8, 2007
 Mountains of solid waste are piling up -
particularly in industrialized nations.
 Air and water pollution continue to be
problems in many places.
Are we there yet?

October 8, 2007
Are we there yet?
 Escalating energy use and depletion of
fossil fuel resources threatens global
economic stability.
 Global warming from increasing green
house gas (GHG) emissions potentially
can result in catastrophic climate
changes.

October 8, 2007
Converging global events
 US oil production peaked in
the 1970’s.
 Since, 75% of all known US
oil reserves are exhausted
and now consume the last
25%.
 US natural gas production
peaked in 1973.
 To keep US gas production
steady, thousands more
wells are drilled every year.
US Crude Oil Production Projection
Source: Energy Information Administration,
Department of Energy

October 8, 2007
 Currently, global warming is
0.7°C above pre-industrial
levels.
 To avoid dangerous climate
change, scientists tell us
global warming must be
kept under 2°C above pre-
industrial levels.
 At 3°C, the potential for
catastrophic climate change
could exist.
Earth’s Surface Temperature
Converging global events

October 8, 2007
 Buildings are responsible for
almost half (48%) of all energy
consumption and GHG
emissions annually; globally
percentage is even greater.
 Seventy-six percent (76%) of
all power plant-generated
electricity is used just to
operate buildings.
Contribution of buildings

October 8, 2007
 17% of fresh water flow
 25% of wood harvested
 50% of CFC production
 40% of energy flow
 33% of total CO2 emissions
 40% of landfill material
 30% of buildings have “sick
building syndrome”
 95% of total energy use in a
building is used in its
construction
Contribution of buildings

October 8, 2007
 Total US building stock equals
approximately 300 billion sf.
 Annually, approximately 1.75 billion
sf of US buildings are torn down.
 Approximately 5 billion sf is
renovated yearly.
 Approximately 5 billion sf is new
construction each year.
 By 2035, almost 75% of the built
environment will be new or
renovated.
Greening opportunities

October 8, 2007
 Growth rate of GHG
emissions can be slowed
and reversed to keep global
warming under 1°C above
today’s levels:
 Implementing innovative
sustainable design strategies,
 generating on-site renewable
power and/or
 purchasing (20% maximum)
renewable energy and/or
certified renewable energy
credits.
Greening opportunities

October 8, 2007
 Environmental Benefits
 Reduce impact of natural resource
consumption
 Economic Benefits
 Improve the bottom line
 Health and Safety Benefits
 Enhance occupant comfort and health
 Community Benefits
 Minimize strain on local infrastructures and
improve quality of life
How can Green impact my campus?

October 8, 2007
Top 10 Heaviest Users of Energy
BTU/ Student Cost / Student
 Citadel Military College, SC 485 $685
 University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 461 $826
 Purdue University, Ind. 429 $259
 Duke University, NC 424 $1,616
 The University of Tulsa, OK 417 $488
 University of Arkansas, Little Rock, AR 411 $326
 New Mexico State University, NM 404 $841
 University of Missouri, Rolla, MO 402 $945
 Louisiana State University School 389 $1,533
of Medicine, Shreveport, LA
 University of Illinois / Urbana-
Champaign, IL 387 $585
Source: Society of College and University Planners Survey

October 8, 2007
Top 10 Lightest Users of Energy
BTU/ Student Cost / Student
 Marquette University, WI 88 $196
 Portland State University, OR 91 $130
 University of Miami, FL 110 $186
 University of Wisconsin, White Water, WI 120 $186
 Central Piedmont Community College,
Charlotte, NC 123 $171
 Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, MA 127 $713
 Haverford College, Haverford, PA 129 $997
 Azusa Pacific University, Azusa, CA 133 $161
 University of the South, Sewanee, TN 134 $1037
 Moravian College, Bethlehem, PA 136 $560
Source: Society of College and University Planners Survey

October 8, 2007
Risks
 What have you spent on asbestos
removal?
 What materials are on the EPA
dangerous materials list today?
 What is your present risk if fuel costs
continue to go up?
 What is your risk if state funding for
your campus decreases?

October 8, 2007
Risks
 How much are “sick buildings” costing?
 Are your buildings helping or hurting in
attracting the best talent?
 Are your buildings helping your people
be productive?
 How many complaints do you get
daily?
 How many complaints do you have
yourself have about where you work?

October 8, 2007
Sustainability ...
 It’s good for the environment
 It’s good for users
 It reduces risk
 It makes economic sense
What does Green mean?

October 8, 2007
Sustainable Design
Approach
How Green is Your Vivarium?

October 8, 2007
Going Green demands…
a new perspective
What does Green mean?
Old Decision Model New Decision Model
Schedule Quality
Cost
NOW Schedule
Schedule
Cost
Human
Safety
Ecology
Quality
FUTURE

October 8, 2007
Sustainable design approach
How do we get started?
 Think Globally....Act Locally
 Strategic Animal Facilities Master Plan
 Holistic Integrated Approach
 New Concepts - Higher Efficient Designs
 Use USGBC LEED rating system as your
guide
 Green your operations
 Life Cycle Costing
 Use of Computer Modeling
 Right Sizing of Systems
 Reduce your carbon footprint

October 8, 2007
Time
Opportunities
Time
Cost

October 8, 2007
Getting Started: Animal Facilities Master Plan
 Centralize animal care facilities and core facilities
 Identify facility opportunities for consolidation
 Analyze animal use / population trends
 Project animal use & census growth over a 5 – 10 year
horizon
 Develop a strategic plan to accommodate current &
future growth need
 NIH and other grant funding
 Project more conservative growth
 Evaluate & assess capacity of existing facilities
 Life Cycle / O&M cost-benefit analysis to determine
Renovation vs. New Construction

October 8, 2007
 Develop vivarium design standards & guidelines
 Labs 21:Defines adaptability, adjustability and
expandability
 Adaptability - First level of flexibility is a laboratory's
ability to adapt to different uses without requiring
physical changes.
 Adjustability - Second level of a laboratory's flexibility is
its ability to adjust and redirect function with minimum
disruption of operations.
 Expandability - Third level of a laboratory's flexibility is
its capacity for renovations that reassemble
interchangeable subcomponents into new spatial
configurations or new functional assemblies.
Getting Started: Animal Facilities Master Plan

October 8, 2007
Comprehensive Design Standards
 A 15’x 24’ (350 s.f.) room allows efficient utilization of various
racking systems, cage sizes and pens.
 Typical drains & services minimize downtime in specie change-
out or room wash down.
 Standardized racks and cages maximize density, increase
utilization, and reduces required net assignable area.
Page 78 of 94
Green vivarium strategies

October 8, 2007
Mice / Rats Only Multiple Species
 Standardized animal rooms
 Standardized cages
 Standardized animal care
 Facilitates automation
 Higher quality environment for
rodents
 Lower animal care cost
 Less convenient access for
researchers using non-rodents
 Sound Attenuation Issues
 Increased Cage Processing
Requirements
 Cleaning Protocols & Standard
Operating Procedures Vary.
Page 81 of 94

October 8, 2007
 Rodent Caging Systems
– Conventional
 Facility as Barrier
 Short term studies
– Vented Micro-isolator
 Immune-suppressed
 Transgenic
– Ventilated Containment
 Cage as Barrier
 Long term studies
 Room sizes (large / small /
isolation)
 HVAC needs (temperature /
humidity / directional air flow)
Equipment
Page 23 of 94

October 8, 2007
 Improved flexibility/functional agility
 Minimized Building Footprint
 Census Optimization
 Internal and External Security
 Efficient use of labor & infrastructure
 Cage Processing Efficiency
 Environmental Controls / Monitoring
 Energy Optimization
 Greater protocol compliance
 Animal Health & Safety
 Occupational Health & Safety
Page 76 of 94
Vivarium Benefits

October 8, 2007
Green Benefits
 Minimized building footprint – more density
without impact to green space
 Greater facility utilization – accommodate
growth in less space
 Optimize energy efficiency - operational
savings & stable per diems
 Increased staff productivity – better
services, greater animal care and protocol
compliance.

October 8, 2007
 LEED Rating System - evaluates 6 categories
1. Sustainable Sites
2. Water Efficiency
3. Energy & Atmosphere
4. Materials & Resources
5. Indoor Environmental Quality
6. Innovation and Design Process
Design & Construction

October 8, 2007
 Prerequisite – Erosion and Sedimentation Control
 Credit 1 – Site Selection
 Credit 2 – Development Density
 Credit 3 – Brownfield Redevelopment
 Credit 4 – Alternative Transportation
 Credit 5 – Reduced Site Disturbance
 Credit 6 – Storm water Management
 Credit 7 – Heat Island Effect
 Credit 8 – Light Pollution Reduction
2. Water Efficiency
6. Organization
LEED rating system

October 8, 2007
 Establish and design to ANSI, OSHA, etc.
plus industry best practices.
 Use mathematical modeling, physical
modeling and/or post-construction testing and
certification to prove compliance.
 Separate animal facility exhaust from
laboratory exhaust to avoid cross
contamination.
Site Design: Air Effluent Management

October 8, 2007
 Protect municipal sewage treatment works
from pollutant discharge from building
operations.
 Establish a drain discharge restriction policy
that ensures routine discharges for laboratory
and maintenance operations meet the most
rigorous sewer use or local limits ordinances,
so that no interceptor structure is required.
Site Design: Water Effluent Management

October 8, 2007
2. Water Efficiency
 Credit 1 - Water Efficient Landscaping
 Credit 2 - Innovative Wastewater Technologies
 Credit 3 - Water Use Reduction
6. Innovation & Design Process
LEED rating system

October 8, 2007
 Compact
 Lightweight
 Great for retrofits and new builds
 Minimum Manpower
 Minimal waste segregation
 Fully automated - easy to operate
 Low maintenance
 High Performance
 Treats a variety of combustible waste
streams
 Rapid start-up & shutdown (<10
minutes)
Wastewater Technologies: Plasma Arc Waste
Disposal System
Manufacturers:
1. PryoGenesis Inc.:
www.pyrogenesis.com

October 8, 2007
 Plasma arc gasification is a waste treatment technology
using high electrical energy and high temperature created by
an electrical arc gasifier.
 Arc breaks down waste primarily into elemental gas and solid
waste (slag), in a device called a plasma converter.
 Process is intended to be a net generator of electricity,
depending upon composition input wastes, and to reduce the
volumes of waste to being sent to landfill sites.
 Dioxin emissions are possible from plasma arcs when
chlorine is present.
 Process gas cleanup is necessary when gasifying waste
streams such as municipal waste streams known to contain
heavy metals, chlorine/fluorine, sulfur, etc.
Wastewater Technologies: Plasma Arc Waste
Disposal System

October 8, 2007
 Analyze cage processing thru-put to “right size” cage
processing equipment.
 Chilled water recirculation system on bulk autoclaves;
chamber cool down
 Use vacuum pumps, instead of aspirator fittings at
cold-water faucets.
 Low flow plumbing fixtures; toilets, urinals, showers
 Low flow wash equipment; high pressure low flow
spray nozzles
Waste Efficiency: Reduce Water Usage

October 8, 2007
Animal Caging Innovations: Innovive
 Up to 168 cages per rack
 Cages and bottles are Disposable /
Recyclable – No washing required
 Change-out every two weeks
 Costs can be reduced by up to 46%
Page 86 of 94
Water Efficiency: Reduce Water Usage

October 8, 2007
2. Water Efficiency
 Prereq 1 - Building Commissioning
 Prereq 2 - Minimum Energy Performance
 Prereq 3 - CFC reduction
 Credit 1 - Optimized Energy Performance
 Credit 2 - Renewable Energy
 Credit 3 - Best Practice Commissioning
 Credit 4 - Elimination of HCFC’s / Halon
 Credit 5 - Measurement and Verification
 Credit 6 - Green Power
LEED rating system

October 8, 2007
 Establish Project Criteria - Understand impact on
sustainability
 Question existing paradigms but understand
implications
 Space Type: Chemistry, Biological, Physical Science,
Animal Care – Sets Baseline for Energy Use
 Architectural Priorities
 Ceiling Height: Impacts Air Changes - Energy
 Floor to Floor: Lower requires smaller ducts & higher
pressure drops – Energy
 Engineering Priorities
 Services Distribution Strategies
Energy & Atmosphere: Project Programming

October 8, 2007
Horizontal
Distribution
Vertical
Distribution
Interstitial
Distribution
MECH
MECH
VIVARIUM
VIVARIUM
MECH
MECH
VIVARIUM
VIVARIUM
MECH
VIVARIUM
VIVARIUM
MECH
MECH
 LOW BUILDING HEIGHT
 LARGE MECHANICAL ROOM %
 MINIMAL SHAFTS
 HIGH FLOOR PLATE EFFICIENCY
• HIGH BUILDING HEIGHT
• VERTICAL SHAFTS REQUIRED
• LOW FLOOR PLATE EFFICIENCY
• HIGHEST BUILDING HEIGHT
• HIGH FLEXIBILITY
• MAXIMUM BUILDING COST
Page 67 of 94

October 8, 2007
 Codes & Standards
 Know role of codes: Minimum Safety – IEQ
 Animal Care Guidelines and Accreditation Standards:
Know intent to develop sustainable alternatives
 Outdoor Design Temperature/Humidity - IEQ
 Indoor Design Temperature/Humidity - IEQ
 Indoor Noise Criteria - IEQ
 Indoor Lighting Levels - IEQ
 ASHRAE 90.1-2001 = 1.4 w/SF (down from 2.3 w/sf)
Energy & Atmosphere: Setting Green Goals

October 8, 2007
 Primary Containment - Energy
 Fume Hoods: Conventional, VAV, High Performance -
Identify operating sash height
 Biosafety Cabinets: Recirculating, 30% Exhaust; 70%
Exhaust, 100% Exhaust - Identify sash height
 Glove Boxes (lowest flow requirement)
 Ventilated Caging - Non-hazardous work (reduced room
air flow)
 Ventilated Containment Caging – Primary containment
barrier (reduced room air flow)
 Chemical Storage Cabinets
 Non-vented flammable cabinets: NFPA 45 required
 Vented cabinets - Less air flow than fume hood
Energy & Atmosphere: Exhaust Requirements

October 8, 2007
Airflow Ventilation Rates
 Industry standard 10-15 air
changes per hour
 Minimum 15 air changes per
hour for static or open caging
 Ventilated racks allow room
air flow to drop to 10 air
changes per hour
 Ventilated racks provide 40-
60 air changes per hour in
individual cages
Page 92 of 94

October 8, 2007
 Internal Equipment Loads - Energy
 Benchmarking - Operating versus Design
 Avoid Averaging - Design to Peak Space Load
 Labs 21 - Typically over designed by 2 to 3 times
 Variability - Operating Schedules
 Diversity
 Avoid Safety Factors – Not included in ASHRAE
 Ventilation Rate: Avoid arbitrary air change
rates/accepted standards - Energy
 Code Issues
 OSHA 1910-1450 - Supply air for normal ventilation and
makeup only; not for protection from hazards.
Energy & Atmosphere: Set Ventilation Criteria

October 8, 2007
 Manifold vs. Individual Fume Hood Fans - Energy
 Hazardous vs. Non-Hazardous Code Definition: AIHA
Position Paper & Z9.5 - Non-hazardous
 Heat Recovery: If cross contamination possible, NFPA
45 only allows on non-laboratory or general room
exhaust.
 Allows diversity (Labs 21 suggests no diversity in sizing
exhaust system for safety)
 Redundancy
 Flexibility
 Stack Discharge Velocity 2500 fpm minimum. Control
via staging or bypass.
Energy & Atmosphere: Minimum Performance

October 8, 2007
 Establish Baseline Energy Model Per ASHRAE 90.1-
Energy (Note: code is now more stringent - cannot
apply old baselines)
 Select fuel sources (Availability, Cost, Environmental
Impact)
 Identify ASHRAE defined Minimum system
requirements
 Enthalpy heat recovery required for systems > 5000 cfm
& 70% outside air
 VFDs required for fan systems > 25HP
 Create Energy Model
 Identify large energy users (chilled water plant, fans) –
Targets greatest impact areas to maximize investment
Energy & Atmosphere: Optimizing Performance

October 8, 2007
 Narrow the range for temperature and
humidity control by designing for majority of
the animal population housed.
 Measure base usage of equipment electrical
loads in a comparable animal facility and
design electrical and cooling systems based
on these measurements.
 Provide check-metering for measurement and
verification
Energy & Atmosphere: "Right-Size“ Equipment

October 8, 2007
Environmental Requirements by Specie
Temperature Humidity Lighting
Small
Animal
Large
Animal
Page 91 of 94
basis of design

October 8, 2007
 Consider VAV supply and exhaust.
 Use energy (latent and sensible) recovery.
 Minimize outside air to 1 cfm/sf or less.
 Consider occupied/unoccupied control for non-animal
holding spaces
 Reduce outside airflow during unoccupied periods.
 Encourage smaller HVAC zones < 1000 sf without
100% outside air control zones.
 Extensive building automation and controls systems to
optimize HVAC and lighting use
Energy & Atmosphere: Energy Efficiency

October 8, 2007
A
i
r
f
l
o
w
Time
24 Hours
150+
Flow
Controller
Occ./Unocc.
1200+
600
300
600
300
300
Supply Air
150
Make-up Air
1200
600
300
600
300
300
Hood Exhaust
Sash Position
Indicator or
Thru-Wall
Sensor
Variable Volume Lab Control
Occupied/Un-Occupied Control

October 8, 2007
Heat Recovery – Run-Around
Coils & Heat Exchanger
Run-Around Coil
(Typical)
Exhaust Fan
Supply Fan
Cooling Coil
Filter
(if needed)
Reheat Coil
Run-Around Pump
Heat Exchanger
Filter
Preheat Coil

October 8, 2007
1. Fresh outdoor air (hot and
humid) is passed through
the wheel
2-3. Outdoor air is cooled,
dehumidified then
supplied to HVAC
system
4. Exhaust air is pulled
from the space
(Cool and Dry)
5-6. Exhaust air is heated and
humidified then sent outdoors
Heat Recovery - Enthalpy Wheel
How it Works?
(cooling mode)

October 8, 2007
2. Water Efficiency
 Prereq Collection of Recyclables
 Credit 1 - Building reuse
 Credit 2 - Construction Waste Management
 Credit 3 - Resource Reuse
 Credit 4 - Recycled Content
 Credit 5 - Local / Regional Materials
 Credit 6 - Rapidly Renewable Materials
 Credit 7 - Certified Wood
LEED rating system

October 8, 2007
Life Cycle Assessment of Building Material
Raw Material
Are the raw
materials non-
toxic?
Does the raw
material come from
a renewable
source?
Does the product or
material come from
a salvage source?
Does the raw
material come from
a certified
sustainable source?
Does the product
have recycled
content (post-
consumer and/or
post-industrial?
Production Process
How much energy is
used in manufacture?
How much water is used
in manufacture?
How much solid,
aqueous and gaseous
waste is associated with
manufacture?
Is the manufacturing
plant energy-efficient
or does it use alternative
or renewable energy
sources?
Does the manufacturing
plant conserve or reuse
water?
Is manufacturing waste
reused or recycled?
Packaging &
Shipping
Is the product or
material locally
manufactured?
Is minimal,
reusable or
recycled
packaging used?
Does the
manufacturer use
efficient shipping
methods?
Installation & Use
How durable is the
product?
Is the product low
maintenance?
Does the product
offgas VOC’s
formaldehyde, or
other potentially
harmful chemical
emissions, or
contain mineral fibers
Is the product
installation hazardous
for workers?
Are non-toxic, low
VOC adhesives,
finishes, sealants and
maintenance
products available for
the product?
Resource &
Recovery
Is the product or
material
salvagable?
Does the
manufacturer
provide a takeback
option for the
product?
Is the product or
material recyclable?
Is the product or
material
biodegradable?

October 8, 2007
Life cycle assessment
Raw
Material
Source
Production
Process
Packaging
& Shipping
Installation
& Use
Resource
Recovery

October 8, 2007
Sustainable building materials
Indoor Air Quality
 Carpet
 Paints
 Adhesives
 Wall coverings

October 8, 2007
Natural materials
 Cork
 Bamboo
 Linoleum
 Wool
 Stone
 Wood

October 8, 2007
Recycled content
 Carpet
 Insulation
 Ceramic Tile
 Fabric
 Concrete
 Phenolic
 Solid Surfacing
 Rubber Flooring

October 8, 2007
Bio-based products
 Compressed straw partition panels
 Strawboard (particle board)
 Tile (wood-based)

October 8, 2007
Less product
 Aerated autoclaved concrete
 Structural insulated panels
 Stained concrete
Sustainable Building Materials

October 8, 2007
 Develop system to maintain current information on
chemical and hazardous material types, quantities,
location, disposal/ use histories, and recycling
protocols.
 Develop a Green Chemistry action plan to reduce or
eliminate the use or generation of hazardous
substances from the application of chemical products
used . Plan would limit quantities, reduce lab waste
and provide cost benefit in terms of less space, energy
and operation storage & waste holding need.
Materials & Resources: Green Chemistry

October 8, 2007
2. Water Efficiency
3. Energy and Atmosphere
4. Materials and Resources
 Prereq 1 - Minimum IAQ performance
 Prereq 2 – Environmental Tobacco Smoke Control
 Credit 1 - CO2 Monitoring
 Credit 2 - Increased Ventilation Effectiveness
 Credit 3 - Construction IAQ Management Plan
 Credit 4 - Low-emitting Materials
 Credit 5 - Indoor Chemical / Pollution source control
 Credit 6 - Controllability of systems
 Credit 7 - Thermal Comfort
 Credit 8 - Daylight and views
LEED rating system

October 8, 2007
 Meet IAQ & safety per ANSI Z9.5 (etc.) minimums and
supported by facility design
 Provide notification systems on all doors leading from
pressure-controlled vivarium spaces to outside to
maintain safety and security.
 Optimize indoor airflow using computational fluid
dynamics (CFD) or physical modeling.
 Design all vivarium alarm systems to be inherently self-
identifying and fail-safe.
 Use low emitting materials: low VOC paints, carpeting,
and adhesives
IEQ: General Systems / Finishes

October 8, 2007
 Floors: Industry standards are Epoxy and
MMA. N2 (Seamless Technologies) is an
environmentally friendly alternative.
 Walls: Epoxy paint, FRP, or high
performance coatings. Green alternatives
are solid surface or phenolic(Trespa) wall
panels.
 Ceilings: Epoxy paint on gypsum board or
FRP.
 Consider cleaning protocols, impact
abuse, & chemical exposure in selecting
finishes most appropriate for a given
application.
Page 94 of 94
IEQ: Architectural Systems / Finishes

October 8, 2007
2. Water Efficiency
3. Energy and Atmosphere
4. Materials and Resources
LEED rating system

October 8, 2007
 State-of-art automated cage washing
systems use less water, chemicals
and energy by recycling water.
 Eliminates manual labor associated with
task
 Minimizes repetitive motion injuries for
animal care staff
Innovative Technologies: Robotic &
Automated Cage Processing

October 8, 2007
 Costs 50% of equal steam sterilization
equipment
 Less service space
 Can be built in place - no pressure
vessel
 No pit for roll though units; can be
retrofitted into existing buildings
 No steam, no cooling water or chilled
water, no compressed air, no drain
 Costs 1/8 of equal steam sterilization
equipment to operate
 Quieter
 More environmentally friendly
Manufacturers:
1. Lytzen A/S: www.lytzen.com
2. Gruenberg:
www.thermalproductsolutions.com
Page 34 of 94
Innovative Technologies: Dry Heat Sterilization

October 8, 2007
 75 minute cycle time vs 16 hours with
Ethylene Oxide (EtO)
 Nontoxic and non-carcinogenic residuals
 Safe to use with moisture or heat
sensitive instruments
 Estimated $65,000/year in savings
compared to EtO
 Consumes less power than EtO
sterilizers
 Requires no water, drain, or venting
 No regulatory paperwork as with EtO
emissions.
Manufacturers:
1. Steris: www.steris.com
2. Sterrad Sterilization Systems:
www.sterrad.com
Page 35 of 94
Innovative Technologies: Hydrogen Peroxide
Sterilization

October 8, 2007
Case Study
Emory University
Whitehead Research
Building

October 8, 2007
Whitehead Biomedical Research Bldg
 Construction Cost of $ 65M (yr 2000 $’s)
 325,000 GSF of interdisciplinary
biomedical laboratory space
 Supports Biosafety Level 2 and 3
research activities
 CM@Risk Construction Delivery Method
 Completed $1.5 million under budget and
1 month ahead of schedule
 First LEED certified building in US
Southeast (Silver LEED 2.0 rating) – 35
credits

October 8, 2007
 Critical linkage for the
School of Medicine
research programs
 Campus Plan’s Guiding
Principle for a “walking
campus”
 Vehicular and Alternative
Transportation Network
within a Regional System
Green Site Integration:

October 8, 2007

October 8, 2007
 Owner driven request to pursue
LEED certification after construction
started
 No change in the project delivery
schedule
 Team / consensus building (buy-in)
required early goal-setting, joint
training and bi-monthly team
meetings
 Some Changes made in
construction by Owner for LEED
certification
 Additional cost to project was 1.5%
of total construction.
To LEED or Not to LEED?

October 8, 2007
Lab Utilities Closet
 Adaptable Lab / Office Plan
 Modular HVAC & Piping
Design
 Directional Airflow
Layout and Design

October 8, 2007
 LEED Credit 2 – Urban Redevelopment
61,700 SF per acre
 Building located on a previously developed site
 Increased local density without loss of green space
 LEED 4.1 – Public Transportation
 Served by Emory’s alternative transportation
system
 No net increase in car parking
 Reduced local vehicle emissions
Sustainable Sites

October 8, 2007
LEED 1.2 Water Efficient
Landscaping
 Local Plant Material – no
grass
 Storm water collected in
cistern for irrigation
 Air conditioning condensate
returned to Central Plant
cooling towers
Water Efficiency

October 8, 2007
Condensate Pipe Out
Water Efficiency
LEED 3.2: Water Use
Reduction - 30%
 32% reduction in potable
water through enthalpy
wheel reduction in
humidification levels & cold
room compressor

October 8, 2007
LEED 1.1: Optimize Energy
20%
 Long East/West Axis to maximize
day light potential
 High Performance Glazing that
reduces UV transmittance
 Extensive Building Automation and
Controls System to optimize
HVAC and lighting use
 Enthalpy Wheels for heat recovery
that can reduce heating and
cooling costs from 20% - 80%
Energy & Atmosphere

October 8, 2007
 Day lighting sensors
 Extensive lighting
controls
Energy & Atmosphere
LEED 1.1 Optimize Energy 20%

October 8, 2007
LEED 4.2 – 50% Recycled Content:
 Selected materials that
contributed at no additional cost:
• Steel
• Flooring
• Metal strapping in place of wood blocking
• Trespa “Top-Lab” for lab work surfaces
LEED 5.1 – Local/Regional Materials
 EIFS cladding (local plant)
 Block/concrete
Materials and Resources

October 8, 2007
 Non-smoking Facility
 LEED 4 – Low Emitting Materials: Low
V.O.C. paint, carpet, adhesives
 LEED 8.2 – Daylight and Views: 90% of
regularly occupied spaces have windows
Indoor Environmental Quality

October 8, 2007
Innovation Credit
LEED 1.1- Innovation in Design:
 State-of-art automated cage - washing
system uses less water, chemicals
and energy by recycling water
 Eliminate manual labor associated
with task and minimizes repetitive
motion injuries for animal care staff

October 8, 2007
 Find opportunities to consolidate, renovate &
demonstrate.
 Appoint a person for in-house education
 Join the US Green Building Council & adopt LEED
Rating System
 Include understanding & approach to sustainable
design as a selection criteria.
 Redefine your design standards & processes
 Publicize what you are doing and why.
 Get started now!
Suggested next steps

October 8, 2007
Questions and Discussion

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