LHCCC report 2013-11-29

Oliphant
Eastern Massassauga rattlesnake habitat restoration
and assessment - October, 2013
Oliphant Massasauga report.doc
Restoration & Assessment
of potential Eastern Massasauga rattlesnake (Sisturus
catenatus) habitat in Oliphant, Bruce County, Ontario
Photo: Tom Preney
Prepared by: Dave Jolly, B.Sc.
Habitat Restoration Ecologist
Fieldlife Environmental Consultants & Ecological Services
October, 2013
Project # 522

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Eastern Massasauga rattlesnake habitat restoration
Oliphant, Massasaugareport.doc
©copyright 2013 Lake Huron Centre for Coastal Conservation. All rights reserved. No work from this material
may be produced or transmitted by any means without acknowledgement of its source and permission from
Lake Huron Centre for Coastal Conservation.

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Table of Contents
Page
Acknowledgements ……………………………………………………………..………………………………………… 8
1.0 Introduction .………………………………………………………………………………………………………..… 8
2.0 Methods ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 9
3.0 Field Investigations ….…………………………………………………………………………………………. 9
4.0 Ecological Land Classification Vegetation Community Descriptions ………………….……. 9
5.0 Vegetation communities…………………………….…………………………………………………….…….. 10
5.1 Mixed mineral meadow marsh type (MAMM3-1)…………………………..……..…. 10
5.2 Gramnoid coastal meadow marsh type (MAMM4-1) ……………………..……….. 10
5.3 Twig rush coastal meadow marsh type (MAMM4-4)………………………............ 10
6.0 Flora …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……….... 11
Table 1 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..….. 11
Table 2 …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…….. 13
6.1 Rare flora …………………………………………………………………………………………..………. 15
Figure 1 ………………………………………………………………………………………………………..………….. 16
Figure 2 ………………….…………………………………………………………………………………………..…….. 17
Table 3 ………………………………………………………….…………………………………………….…………… 18
7.0 Fauna ………………………………………………………………..………………………………………………….…….…. 19
7.1 Herpetofauna ………………………………………………………….………………….…………….. 19
7.2 Avifauna ………………….………………………………………………..………………………………. 19
Figure 3 ………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………….. 20
8.0 Sensitive areas ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 21
Figure 4 ……………………………………………………………………………………………….………………….. 22

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9.0 Massasaugasurveys……………………………….……………………………………………….…………………… 23
9.1 Snake hibernacula .……………………..…………………………………………………………….. 23
10.0 Recommendations ……………………………….………………………………………………….…………………… 24
Figure 5 ………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………… 25
Figure 6a ………………………………………….……………………………………………..……………………… 26
Figure 6b …………………………………………….…………………………………………………………………… 27
Figure 6c ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…….. 28
Figure 6d ……………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. 29
Literature Cited ………………………………………………………………………………………………..…….. 30
Appendix A …………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 32
Appendix B …………………………………………………………………………………………………….……….. 70
Appendix C …………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………… 74
Appendix D …………………………………………………………………………………………………..………….. 80
Appendix E ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 81
Appendix F ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 83

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Statement of Qualifications and Limitations
The attached Report (the “Report”) has been prepared by Fieldlife Environmental Consultants &
Ecological Services (“Consultant”) for the benefit of the client (“Client”), who has been retained in
accordance with the agreement between Consultant and Client, including the scope of work detailed in
the Terms of Reference prepared for this report therein (the “Agreement”).
The information, data, recommendations and conclusions contained in the Report
(collectively, the “Information”):
 is subject to the scope, schedule, and other constraints and limitations in the
Agreement and the qualifications contained in the Report (the “Limitations”)
 represents Consultant’s professional judgement in light of the Limitations
and industry standards for the preparation of similar reports
 may be based on information provided to Consultant which has not been
independently verified
 has not been updated since the date of issuance of the Report and its
accuracy is limited to the time period and circumstances in which it was
collected, processed, made or issued
 must be read as a whole and sections thereof should not be read out of such
context
 was prepared for the specific purposes described in the Report and the
Agreement
Consultant shall be entitled to rely upon the accuracy and completeness of information that
was provided to it and has no obligation to update such information. Consultant accepts no
responsibility for any events or circumstances that may have occurred since the date on which
the Report was prepared and, in the case of subsurface, environmental or ecological conditions, is
not responsible for any variability in such conditions, geographically or over time.
Consultant agrees that the Report represents its professional judgement as described above
and that the Information has been prepared for the specific purpose and use described in the
Report and the Agreement, but Consultant makes no other representations, or any guarantees
or warranties whatsoever, whether express or implied, with respect to the Report, the
Information or any part thereof.

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The Report is to be treated as confidential and may not be used or relied upon by third parties,
except:
 as agreed in writing by Consultant and Client
 as required by law
 for use by governmental reviewing agencies
Consultant accepts no responsibility, and denies any liability whatsoever, to parties other
than Client who may obtain access to the Report or the Information for any injury, loss or
damage suffered by such parties arising from their use of, reliance upon, or decisions or actions
based on the Report or any of the Information (“improper use of the Report”), except to the
extent those parties have obtained the prior written consent of Consultant to use and rely upon
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thereof shall be borne by the party making such use.
This Statement of Qualifications and Limitations is attached to and forms part of the Report
and any use of the Report is subject to the terms hereof.

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Distribution List
# of Hard Copies PDF Required Association / Company Name
1 X Lake Huron Centre for Coastal Conservation
1 X Fieldlife Environmental Consultants & Ecological Services
Fieldlife and Lake Huron Centre for Coastal Conservation Signatures
Report Prepared By:
Dave Jolly, B.Sc.
Habitat Restoration Ecologist
Fieldlife Environmental Consultants & Ecological
Services
Report Reviewed By:
Lake Huron Centre for Coastal Conservation

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Acknowledgements
The author is grateful for the assistance of Karen Alexander and Becky Adams of the Lake Huron
Centre for Coastal Conservation (LHCCC), Kim Palonan, Theresa Stafford of the Friends of Oliphant
Coastal Environments, Laurie Rosie for her significant Eastern Massasauga rattlesnake (Sisturus
catenatus) record and a number of local residents of Oliphant for their support and sharing their
observations and information about snakes.
1.0 Introduction
The community of Oliphant, located on the Lake Huron side of south Bruce Peninsula in Bruce
County contains a diverse array of coastal wetland habitats. The Lake Huron Centre for Coastal
Conservation (LHCCC) and Friends of Oliphant have been active stewards and partners of the coastal
wetlands ensuring the integrity of habitats are retained. Unfortunately, in recent times, the coastal
wetlands of Oliphant have been under pressure from heavy ATV and Off Road Vehicle (ORV) traffic to
the extent that some coastal wetlands have been compromised. Additionally, Common reed
(Phragmites australis) has affected large portions of coastal wetland habitat and the LHCCC has been
working to control the spread of this invasive species. Moreover, another invasive plant Russian thistle
(Salsola kali) has been invading portions of Sandy Bay by vehicular traffic. Fieldlife was retained by the
Lake Huron Centre for Coastal Conservation (LHCCC) to perform botanical surveys and delineate
restoration plots using Ecological Land Classification (ELC) methodology, collect seeds of selected
wetland plants for restoration, conduct surveys for Eastern Massasauga rattlesnake, their potential
habitat and hibernacula (Figures 1 & Figure 5). Previous field work conducted by Judith Jones of Winter
Spider Eco-Consulting in 2009 classified nine ELC vegetation communities, 7 Ontario Species at Risk
(SAR) flora and fauna species and identified 213 species of vascular plants within the coastal wetlands.
This project highlighted 3 vegetation communities which represent fairly natural conditions for a healthy
and vigorous wetland, disturbed and sensitive wetlands, candidate Significant Wildlife Habitat (cSWH)
for Eastern Massasauga rattlesnake and identified 70 wetland plant species specific to coastal wetland
habitats. These are the communities that habitat restoration efforts should aim to enhance the
vegetation and improve potential habitat.
Records of Eastern Massasauga rattlesnake for Oliphant date back to 1985, but no recent
records since the amendment of the Provincial Policy Statement (PPS) have been observed outside of a
June 1, 2009 record. The majority of historical records were observed in the southern portion of
Oliphant on private property and, therefore, detailed habitat assessments could not be conducted
without landowner permission.

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2.0 Methods
A record review was performed on Natural Heritage Information Centre (NHIC) 1 x 1 kilometer
squares 17MK75_74, 17MK75_75 and 17MK75_85 in search of any Ontario Species at Risk (SAR), or
provincially rare flora and fauna which may be encountered during field investigations, specific to the
ELC vegetation polygons delineated for restoration. The result of this search is displayed in Appendix B.
Of the SAR flora and fauna listed in the NHIC 1 km2
squares 1 provincially rare plant listed in
Appendix C was observed at Oliphant within a delineated polygon and restoration plot #1 (Photo log
#4b; Stiff yellow flax (Linum medium). However, the provincially rare sub-species L. medium var medium
as indicated in the NHIC squares was not observed.
3.0 Field Investigations
Fieldlife and LHCCC staff conducted field work from August 26 – 28, 2013, while a student from
the EARTHQUEST Biological Field School and a volunteer from the Friends of Oliphant Coastal
Conservation continued field work from August 31 to September 1, 2013. The weather from August 26
– September 1 consisted of a temperature of 25 – 30 degrees C, cloud 70 – 80% and wind of 3 – 6 km/hr.
Additional field work was conducted by Fieldlife and LHCCC staff from September 23 – 24, 2013.
Weather during this period consisted of a temperature range of 22 – 24 degree C, cloud 10 – 20% and
wind of 3 – 6 km/hr. Ecological Land Classification (ELC) was used as the basis for vegetation
descriptions. All species of vascular plants and fauna were documented and checked for their status at
global, national, provincial, regional and local levels. Appendix C and D represents the master species
list compiled for flora at designated restoration plots and areas at Oliphant.
4.0 Ecological Land Classification Vegetation Community Descriptions
A community profile was developed for each polygon classified, giving a visual representation of
the vegetation type along with a plant species, wildlife as well as community description and
classification (see Appendix E) utilizing the Ecological Land Classification (ELC) rapid assessment method,
although soils were included for the purpose of providing site conditions for restoration plots. The
vegetation communities were classified at Oliphant following the 2nd
approximation ELC table
(Bakowsky, et al. 2009). The first polygon is 0.15 hectares (ha) and was classified to be Mixed Mineral
Meadow Marsh type (MAMM3-1). The second polygon is 0.24 ha and was classified to be Gramnoid
Coastal Meadow Marsh type (MAMM4-1). The MAMM3-1 and MAMM4-1 are adjacent and exhibit a
good gradual transition from areas disturbed by ATV and ORV traffic and Phragmites representing
healthy and biodiverse communities. The third polygon is 0.4 ha. This polygon was classified to be
MAMM4-4. The presence of provincially rare Stiff yellow flax within this vegetation type signifies it as a

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rare vegetation community under the provisions of the MNR draft Ecoregion Criteria Schedule. Figure 1
depicts the ELC classification of these polygons. All vegetation communities are largely dominated by
wetland herbaceous plant species.
5.0 Vegetation Communities
Three ELC vegetation types were classified within restoration areas (Figure 1).
5.1 Mixed Mineral Meadow Marsh type (MAMM3-1)
A community of 0.15 ha more representative of low quality wetland habitat associated with
terrestrial systems such as deciduous forests. At Oliphant, this community contains coastal wetland
species and is dominated by forbs and gramnoids; Alpine or Richardson rush (Juncus alpinoarticulatus),
with occasional Ohio goldenrod (Solidago ohionensis) and Switch grass (Panicum virgatum) with rarely
occurring Boneset (Eupatorim perforatum), Grass leaved goldenrod (Euthamia gramnifolia) and Reed
canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea) and Silverweed (Potentilla anserina) as ground cover (Photo log # 1,
Appendix F). The soil was fine sand with evidence of glaciation and the water table over 120 cm.
5.2 Gramnoid Coastal Meadow Marsh type (MAMM4-1)
This vegetation type is provincially rare with an S2 rank (Appendix B) and occurs within NHIC
squares 17MK75_74 and 17MK75_75. Tickle grass (Agrostris scabroides) was the dominant gramnoid in
all layers with occasional Alpine or Richardson rush, Twig rush (Cladium maricoides) and Three square
(Scirpus americanus) followed by invasive Common reed that is rare in abundance. Batlic rush (Juncus
balticus) was rare in the ground cover (Photo log #2, Appendix F). Soil was fine sand with the water
table within 1 cm and evidence of glaciation effecting soil particles at the surface (0 cm). The polygon is
0.24 ha.
5.3 Twig rush Coastal Meadow Marsh type (MAMM4-4)
This vegetation community contains restoration plot #1 and had a substantial Stiff yellow flax
population with a density of 89 plants surveyed within a 1 m2
plot adjacent to restoration plot #1. The
population was delineated as depicted in Figure 2 as a Stiff yellow flax inclusion (MAMM4-4a; Appendix
F) within the MAMM4-4 (Photo logs #3 & 4a), which was 0.042 ha. Stiff yellow flax was ocassional in
the ground layer. The soil was fine sand with evidence of the last glacier reaching 27 cm and mottles
present at 20 cm. The polygon is 0.42 ha with Tickle grass (Agrostis scabra) as the dominant plant
followed by Twig rush. In addition to Phragmites invasive Russian thistle has established a foothold on
this polygon and was found thriving elsewhere within the coastal wetlands at Oliphant.

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6.0 Flora
Table 1 Plants surveyed within Restoration plot #1
Family name Species name Status
Latin/Common Common/Latin Global COSEWIC MNR Provincial
Regional
(Ecoregion 6E)
Local
(Bruce
county)
Restoration
plot soil
Campanulaceae/
Bellflower
Lobelia kalmii/Brook or Kalm's
lobelia G5 S5 R4 C5
The soil was fine
sand with
evidence of the
last glacier
reaching 27 cm
and mottles
within 20 cm of
surface.
Compositae/Composite
Ambrosia artemisiifolia/Common
ragweed G5 S5 R5 C5
Aster lanceolatus/Panicled aster G5T5? S5 R5 C5
Euthamia gramnifolia/Grass
leaved goldenrod G5 S5 R5 C5
Solidago ohioensis/Ohio
goldenrod G5 S5 R5 C5
Cruciferae/Mustard
Diplotaxis tenuifolia/Narrow
leaved wall rocket GNR SNA RE5 CE5
Erucastrum gallicum/Dog mustard G5 SNA RE5 CE5
Cyperaceae/Sedge Carex viridula/Greenish sedge G5 S5 R5 C5
Gentianaceae/Gentian
Gentianopsis vigata/Fringed
gentian G? S5 R3 C3

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Gramineae/Grass
Agrostis scabra/Tickle grass G5 S5 R5 C5
Phragmites australis/Common
reed G? SE5 RE5 CE5
Juncus balticus/Baltic rush G5 S5 R5 C5
Juncus canadensis/Canadian
rush G5 S5 R5 C5
Linaceae/Flax
Linum medium/Stiff yellow flax G5T3T4 S3? R1 C1
58 stems
surveyed
Primulaceae/Primrose
Primula mistassinaca/Bird's eye
primrose G5 S4 R4 C4
Lythra salicaria/Purple loosestrife G5 SNA RE5 CE5
Rosaceae/Rose Potentilla anserina/Silverweed G5 S5 R5 C5
Saxifragaceae/Saxifrage
Parnassus glauca/Grass of
parnassus G5 S5 R5 C5
Seventy species were recorded during field investigations (Appendix C) within delineated ELC polygons (Figure 1). Of these, 11 are introduced.
The percentage of introduced or exotic species within the surveyed polygons is 15.9%, which is fairly low for natural areas in terms of aggressive
encroachment by invasive plants. Additionally, 17 species were inventoried for the 4 m2
restoration plot #1 within the MAMM4-4 polygon. Of
these, 2 species, or 11.7% were introduced (Table 1). Phragmites was found in this plot. A total of 14 species were surveyed within restoration
plot #2 (Table 2) within the disturbed wetland polygon. Of these, 1, or 0.7% were introduced. No Phragmites exists in this plot.

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Table 2 Plants surveyed within Restoration plot #2
Family name Species name Status
Regional
(Ecoregion
6E)
Local
(Bruce
county)
Restoration
plot soil
Aster lanceolatus/Panicled aster G5T5? S5 R5 C5
The soil was
fine sand with
evidence of the
last glacier
reaching 0 cm
and water table
within 1 cm of
surface.
Helenium autumnale/Sneezeweed G5 S5 R5 C4
Solidago ohioensis/Ohio goldenrod G5 S5 R5 C5
Cruciferae/Mustard Diplotaxis tenuifolia/Narrow leaved wall
rocket GNR SNA RE5 CE5
Cyperacaea/Sedge
Rynchospora capillacea/Fen beakrush G4 S4? R3 C1
Gramineae/Grass Agrostis scabra/Tickle grass G5 S5 R5 C5
Guttiferae/St. Johnswort Hypericum kalmii/Kalm's St. Johnswort G4 S4 R2 C3
Juncaceae/Rush
Cladium mariscoides/Twig rush G5 S5 R5 C5
Juncus alpinoarticulatus/Alpine or
Richardson rush G5 S5 R5 C5
Juncus canadensis/Canadian rush G5 S5 R5 C5
Lycopus americanus/Cut-leaved water
horehound G5 S5 R5 C5

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Orchidaceae/Orchid
Spiranthes romanzoffiana/Hooded ladies
tresses G5 S5 R5 C5
Rosaceae/Rose Potentilla anserina/Silverweed G5 S5 R5 C5
Saxifragaceae/Saxifrage Parnassus glauca/Grass of parnassus G5 S5 R5 C5

Oliphant
The majority of invasive species were restricted to areas which were adjacent to roads and
represented the translocation of invasive plants into the coastal wetlands. Significantly more invasive
and introduced species were observed around candidate snake hibernacula created from the formation
of man-made berms. A number of these berms had rock gardens, which provide a catalyst for the
introduction of garden escapees into natural areas. Fortunately, the majority of garden escapees were
restricted to the rock garden areas and did not seem to encroach upon the neighbouring wetlands.
6.1 Rare flora
A record review of NHIC 1 x 1 km2
squares (Appendix C) revealed 11 SAR and provincially rare
flora, 6 historical species of SAR or provincially rare plants within 17MK75_74, 8 SAR and provincially
rare flora, 7 historical species within 17MK75_75 and 8 SAR and provincially rare flora, 7 historical SAR
species within 17MK75_85. Of these, only Tuberous Indian plantain (Arnoglossum plantagineum)
occurred in 17MK75_85 and Stiff yellow flax was found within 17MK17_75. Dwarf lake iris (Iris lacustris)
was observed, but did not occur in any of these squares during field investigations. A total of 13
provincially, regionally and locally rare plants (Table 1) were observed at Oliphant; 31 records of
provincially and federally special concern Tuberous indian plantain, 5 records of provincially rare Dwarf
lake iris, 30 records of Stiff yellow flax and 9 records of Blueleaf willow (Salix myricoides). Tuberous
Indian plantain, Dwarf lake iris, Stiff yellow flax and Blueleaf willow are also listed as rare in the Checklist
of Vascular Plants for Bruce and Grey Counties (2003). Ten regionally rare (within the Mixed deciduous
forest region: Ecoregion 6E – source; EARTHQUEST Plants of Ontario database) plants were discovered
within surveyed polygons; Fringed gentian (Gentiana vigata), Kalm’s St. Johnswort (Hypericum kalmii),
Marsh St. Johnswort (Triadenum fraseri), Mermaid weed (Proserpinacea palustris), Greater arrowgrass
(Triglochin maritimus), Slender or Lesser arrowgrass (Triglochin palustre), Fen beakrush (Rynchospora
capillacea), Low calla mint (Calamintha arkansana), Sticky false tofeldia (Tofeldia glutinosa) and Stiff
yellow flax (Linum medium). Additionally, Upland white aster (Solidago asteroides), Fringed gentian,
Kalm’s St. Johnswort, Marsh St. Johnswort, Mermaid weed, Greater arrowgrass, Slender or Lesser
arrowgrass, Fen beakrush, Low calla mint and Stiff yellow flax are locally rare within Bruce county
(source; EARTHQUEST Plants of Ontario database).

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Table 3 Rare flora at Oliphant
Common
name Latin name MNR COSEWIC
S
rank
R
rank
C
rank
Number of
records
ELC ecosite/
vegetation
type
Dates
Observed
Tuberous
Indian
plantain
Arnoglossum
plantagineum SC SC S3 R1 C1 31 FESC1-1
22/4/2011,
31/8/2011,
31/8/2013,
1/9/2013,
23/9/2013,
24/9/2013
Upland white
aster
Solidago
asteroides S5 R4 C3 MAMM3-1 31/08/2013
Dwarf lake
iris Iris lacustris S3 R1 C1 5
28/8/2013,
31/8/2013,
24/9/2013
Stiff yellow
flax Linum medium S3 R1 C1 30
MAMM4-4,
MAMM4-4a
27/8/2013,
28/8/2013,
1/9/2013,
23/9/2013
Blueleaf
willow Salix myricoides S3 R1 C1 9
28/8/2013,
31/8/2013,
23/9/2013
Fringed
gentian
Gentianopsis
vigata S5 R3 C3
MAMM4-4,
MAMM4-1,
MAMM3-1
26/8/2013,
27/8/2013,
28/8/2013,
31/9/2013,
1/9/2013
Kalm's St.
Johnswort
Hypericum
kalmianum
S4 R2 C3 MAMM4-4,
MAMM4-1,
MAMM3-1
26/8/2013,
27/8/2013,
28/8/2013,
31/9/2013,
1/9/2013
Mermaid
weed
Proserpinacea
palustris
S4 R2 C3
MAMM4-1
26/8/2013,
27/08/2013,
1/9/2013
Greater
arrowgrass
Triglochin
maritimus
S5 R1 C2
MAMM4-1
26/8/2013,
27/8/2013,
31/8/2013
Slender or
Lesser
arrowgrass Triglochin palustre
S5 R1 C3
MAMM4-1
26/8/2013,
27/8/2013,
31/8/2013
Fen
beakrush
Rynchospora
capillacea
S4? R3 C1
MAMM4-1 27/08/2013
Low calla
mint
Calamintha
arkansana
S4S5 R1 C2
MAMM3-1 27/08/2013
Sticky false
tofeldia Tofeldia glutinosa
S4? R3 C4
MAMM4-1 26/08/2013

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7.0 Fauna
7.1 Herpetofauna
Three species of reptiles and amphibians were observed (Appendix D); Eastern garter snake
(Thamnophis sirtalis), DeKay’s brown snake (Storeria dekayi) and Northern leopard frog (Rana pipiens).
Historical records of special concern Eastern ribbon snake (Thamnophis sauritis) have not been
substantiated since July 1, 1988 within NHIC 1 km2
17NH75_74 and they are believed to be extirpated
from the area. Special concern Snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina) was observed on August 12, 2008
within 1 km2
17NH75_75, which has not been confirmed by local residents, except in south OIiphant. No
Eastern Massasauga rattlesnake were observed during field investigations, but 8 historical records
dating to July 8, 1981 have been documented, primarily for the southern portion of Oliphant .
7.2 Avifauna
Historic NHIC records revealed special concern Black tern (Childonias niger) observed within 1
km2
17MK75_74 on June 14, 1991 with a recent record of provincially and federally endangered Piping
plover (Charadrius melodus) in June, 2008. Black tern was also observed in square17MK75_75 on June
14, 1991.
During field investigations the survey team observed 13 species of birds (Appendix E), including
provincially rare (S2 during breeding) Great egret (Ardea alba) within 48 meters of restoration plot #1 on
September 23, 2013. Two provincially and federally threatened Eastern meadowlark (Sturnella magna)
were observed on the same day flying into the coastal wetland between restoration plot #1 and Bay
Street (Figure 3).

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20

Oliphant
8.0 Sensitive areas
Figure 4 exhibits the sensitive and disturbed areas around Sandy Bay in the vicinity of
restoration plots #1 & 2. Although the majority of coastal wetlands at Oliphant are sensitive to
disturbance and have been damaged by encroachment the Sandy Bay area displays the issues of
disturbance more prominently. More specifically, an area of 47.9 ha has been identified as disturbed,
unclassifiable coastal wetland due to the absence of vegetation and the presence of invasive Russian
thistle on the habitat of rare flora and fauna such as Stiff yellow flax, Eastern meadowlark and Great
egret. The extent of Russian thistle was delineated to an area of 13.1 ha. This represents the area of
concentration where Russian thistle has become firmly established at Oliphant, largely introduced by
the extensive ORV network riddled across the wetland landscape. Russian thistle does not appear to be
expanding past an average of 53 meters from the ORV network on the south side into the adjacent
provincially rare Shrubby cinquefoil coastal wetland. The life cycle of Russian thistle, however, may
promote their spread into other areas of Oliphant since after seeds ripen and the plant dies wind may
break the plant at the main stem and may blow “tumble weed” fashion for large distances. Fortunately,
Russian thistle was not observed in any part of the Oliphant coastal wetlands other than Sandy Bay with
individual dead plants found 275 meters north of restoration plot #2.

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22

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9.0 Massasaugasurveys
One of the primary purposes of field investigations was to conduct a targeted search for Eastern
Massaussauga rattlesnake, their habitat and potential hibernacula. Massasauga habitat is typified as
wet prairie, sedge meadows and old fields, to peatlands, bedrock barrens and coniferous forest (Rouse
& Willson, 2001). No Massassauga’s were observed, but a local resident – Laurie Rosie was able to
show the author the location of a dead snake that she found on July 27, 2013 (Photo log #34a & 34b) on
South Oliphant Road. Under the provisions of the MNR General Habitat Description for Massasauga
document any forest habitat within 1.2 km of an occurrence receive a Category 3 designation and are
considered to have tolerance to site alteration. In our estimation, this tolerance to site alteration would
be low, particularly in the Oliphant area where human activity is high. According to the guidance
document this habitat is dependent upon for life processes including foraging and movement between
gestation sites, hibernacula and other activity areas. Due to the lack of access to private property the
survey team was unable to conduct full ELC work to ascertain the vegetation types. Partial ELC to
community series was performed to provide generalized habitat parameters and walking the perimeter
of potential habitat along public roads (Photo log #35). Subsequently, the total area of 1084.8 ha
representing candidate Massasauga habitat (Figure 5) around the 1.2 buffer consists of 923.7 ha of
coniferous forest (FOC), 65.1 ha of coniferous swamp (SWC) and 96 ha of open fen (FEO).
9.1 Snake hibernacula
A total of 26 candidate snake hibernacula were surveyed between August 31st
and September
24th
along 6 km of coastal wetland at Oliphant. These hibernacula are suitable for all snake species,
including Massasauga as well as other threatened or special concern species such as Eastern fox snake
(Elaphe gloydi), Northern ribbon snake (Thamnophis sauritus septentrionalis) and Eastern hognosed
snake (Heterodon platirhinos). Most of the hibernacula consisted of man-made berms from rocks piled
on the edge of Bay Street and Shoreline Avenue by the municipality. Snake hibernacula # 2 to 12 (SH02
– SH12; photo logs# 9 – 19, Figures 6a & 6b) and 14 to 26 (SH14 – SH26; photo logs #21 – 33, Figures
6b, 6c & 6d) were man-made berms. Only candidate snake hibernacula #1 and 13 (SH01 & SH13; photo
logs# 8 & 20, Figures 6a & 6b) appeared to be natural. Hibernacula #1 was a burrow under the rock pile
(Photo log# 9) and hibercula #13 (Photo log# 21) was a crevice in a large boulder in Shrubby cinquefoil
coastal wetland habitat. The definition of candidate snake hibernacula is a rock formation such as a
karst or rock pile with a hole, crevice, crack or burrow large enough for a snake to crawl through that
extends at least 1 m and below the frost line. It is difficult to prove how far these openings may extend
into the feature, but most appeared to go at least 1 m. Spring surveys with observations of 5 individual
snakes of the same species, or at least 2 different species present at these hibernacula would confirm
them as snake hibernacula. Snake surveys are recommended to commence in late April, or early May
when the air temperature is at least 8 degrees C on bright sunny days, between 8 am and 10 am. This

24
Oliphant
coincides to when snakes are most likely to emerge from their hibernacula, spending a few days around
the site to warm up before moving off.
10.0 Recommendations
With the distribution of observed candidate snake hibernacula located primarily in the southern
portion of Oliphant it is not surprising that the majority of Eastern Massasauga rattlesnake sightings are
in this area. This also explains the relatively high number of snake mortalities in this area since snakes
would be crossing roads to move into forest habitats. Moreover, the extent of cSWH that Massasauga
could potentially use in south Oliphant is extensive. Unfortunately, the confirmed records of a dead
Massasauga found on July 27, 2013 by a local resident does not warrant extending the cSWH past Lonely
Island until additional records are confirmed in north Oliphant. The most suitable habitat for
Massasauga seems to be largely confined to Shrubby cinquefoil coastal wetland, which is adjacent to the
sensitive and disturbed coastal wetlands around the Sandy Bay area. Although Common reed has been
actively controlled as an invasive plant species in this area another invasive species has become
established that threatens good potential Massasauga habitat as well as the coastal wetlands.
Continued education of local residents of the dangers of unmanaged access to coastal wetlands and not
harming, injuring or interfering with Massassauga’s and their habitat is recommended to gain further
community support.

Oliphant
25

Oliphant
26

27
Oliphant

28
Oliphant

29
Oliphant

Oliphant
30
Literature Cited
Alexander, K. personal communication. 2013. Lake Huron Centre for Coastal Conservation.
Bakowsky, J. Riley, J. Bowles, M. Puddister, H. P. Uhlig, and S. McMurry. 2009. Ecological Land Classification for
Southern Ontario: Second Approximation and its Application. Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources, South-
central Science Section, Science Development and Transfer Branch. SCSS Field Guide FG-02.
EARTHQUEST Plants of Ontario ACCESS dabase. Accessed September, 2013
Endangered Species Act – Ontario Regulation 242/08. http://www.e-
laws.gov.on.ca/html/source/regs/english/2008/elaws_src_regs_r08242_e.htm#BK6. Accessed September,
2013
Fish and Wildlife Act. http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/html/statutes/english/elaws_statutes_97f41_e.htm. Accessed
September, 2013
Jolly, D.W. 2010. A Photo Field Guide to Ontario Species at Risk wildflowers, trees and shrubs of Ontario –
Volume 1. EARTHQUEST (Canada) for the Environment. 114 pp. ISBN# 978-0-9733169-2-6
Jolly, D.W. 2006. Plant Genera of Ontario. EARTHQUEST (Canada) for the Environment. 220 pp. ISBN# 0-
9733169-1-11
Natural Heritage Information Centre.
http://nhic.mnr.gov.on.ca/MNR/nhic/communities/comm_list_terrestrial.cfm. Accessed September, 2013
Migratory Birds Convention Act. http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/m-7.01. Accessed September, 2013
Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources. 2000?. General Habitat Description for the Massasauga(Sisturus
catenatus). 7 p.
Owen Sound Field Naturalists. 2003. Annotated Checklist of Vascular Plants for Bruce and Grey Counties
Ontario. 51 p.
Rouse, J.D., and Willson, R.J., 2001. Update COSEWIC Status Report for the Eastern MassasaugaSisturus
catenatus catenatus. 23 p.

31
Oliphant
Species at Risk Act - federal. http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/acts/S-15.3/page-1.html. Accessed September,
2013
Species at Risk Public Registry. http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/species/speciesDetails_e.cfm?sid=793.
Accessed September, 2013
Species at Risk Public Registry. http://www.sararegistry.gc.ca/species/schedules_e.cfm?id=2. Accessed September,
2013
Service Ontario – Public Lands Act. http://www.e-
laws.gov.on.ca/html/statutes/english/elaws_statutes_90p43_e.htm. Accessed September, 2013
Service Ontario – Ontario Regulation 453/96. http://www.e-
laws.gov.on.ca/html/regs/english/elaws_regs_960453_e.htm. Accessed September, 2013

32
Oliphant
Appendix A
Photo logs
Photo #1
Oliphant
August 28, 2013
MAMM3-1
Mixed Mineral
Meadow Marsh
type

33
Oliphant
Photo #2
Oliphant
August 28, 2013
MAMM4-1
Gramnoid
Coastal Meadow
Marsh type

34
Oliphant
Photo #3
Oliphant
August 28, 2013
MAMM4-4
Twig rush
Coastal Meadow
Marsh type

35
Oliphant
Photo #4a
Oliphant
August 28, 2013
Stiff yellow flax
population –
inclusion
MAMM4-4a
within MAMM4-
4

36
Oliphant
Photo #4b
Oliphant
August 27, 2013
Stiff yellow flax
(Linum medium)
within MAMM4-4

37
Oliphant
Photo #5
Oliphant
August 28, 2013
Disturbed
coastal wetland
Sandy Bay

38
Oliphant
Photo #6
Oliphant
August 27, 2013
DeKay’s Brown
snake (Storeria
dekayi)
Within MAMM4-1

39
Oliphant
Photo #7
Oliphant
August 27, 2013
Eastern
Massasaugarattl
esnake (Sisurus
catenatus)
habitat
Within MAMM4-2
Shrubby
cinquefoil
Coastal Meadow
Marsh Type

40
Oliphant
Photo #8
Oliphant
August 31, 2013
Eastern
Massasaugarattl
esnake (Sisurus
catenatus)
Hibernacula #1
(SH1) - natural
Within MAMM4-2
Shrubby
cinquefoil
Coastal Meadow
Marsh Type near
South Oliphant
Road

41
Oliphant
Photo #9
Oliphant
August 31, 2013
Eastern
Massasaugarattl
esnake (Sisurus
catenatus)
Hibernacula #2
(SH2) - natural
near South
Oliphant Road

42
Oliphant
Photo #10
Oliphant
August 31, 2013
Eastern
Massasaugarattl
esnake (Sisurus
catenatus)
Hibernacula #3
(SH3) – man
made
on Bay Street

43
Oliphant
Photo #11
Oliphant
August 31, 2013
Eastern
Massasaugarattl
esnake (Sisurus
catenatus)
Hibernacula #4
(SH4) – man
made
on Bay Street

44
Oliphant
Photo #12
Oliphant
August 31, 2013
Eastern
Massasaugarattl
esnake (Sisurus
catenatus)
Hibernacula #5
(SH5) – man
made
on Bay Street

45
Oliphant
Photo #13
Oliphant
September 1,
2013
Eastern
Massasaugarattl
esnake (Sisurus
catenatus)
Hibernacula #6
(SH6) – man
made
on Bay Street

46
Oliphant
Photo #14
Oliphant
September 1,
2013
Eastern
Massasaugarattl
esnake (Sisurus
catenatus)
Hibernacula #7
(SH7) – man
made
on Bay Street

47
Oliphant
Photo #15
Oliphant
September 1,
2013
Eastern
Massasaugarattl
esnake (Sisurus
catenatus)
Hibernacula #8
(SH8) – man
made
on Bay Street

48
Oliphant
Photo #16
Oliphant
September 1,
2013
Eastern
Massasaugarattl
esnake (Sisurus
catenatus)
Hibernacula #9
(SH9) – man
made under a
rock garden
on Bay Street

49
Oliphant
Photo #17
Pinehurst Lake
September 1,
2013
Eastern
Massasaugarattl
esnake (Sisurus
catenatus)
Hibernacula #10
(SH10) – man
made
on Bay Street

50
Oliphant
Photo #18
Oliphant
September 1,
2013
Eastern
Massasaugarattl
esnake (Sisurus
catenatus)
Hibernacula #11
(SH11) – man
made
on Bay Street

51
Oliphant
Photo #19
Oliphant
September 24,
2013
Eastern
Massasaugarattl
esnake (Sisurus
catenatus)
Hibernacula #12
(SH12) – natural
Bay Street

52
Oliphant
Photo #20
Oliphant
September 1,
2013
Eastern
Massasaugarattl
esnake (Sisurus
catenatus)
Hibernacula #13
(SH13) – natural
At end of
Rutherford Point-
South Road
within Shrubby
cinquefoil
Coastal Meadow
Marsh Type
(MAMM4-2)

53
Oliphant
Photo #21
Oliphant
September 1,
2013
Eastern
Massasaugarattl
esnake (Sisurus
catenatus)
Hibernacula #14
(SH14) – man
made
On Rutherford
Point-South Road

54
Oliphant
Photo #22
Oliphant
September 1,
2013
Eastern
Massasaugarattl
esnake (Sisurus
catenatus)
Hibernacula #15
(SH15) – man
made
On Rutherford
Point-South Road

55
Oliphant
Photo #23
Oliphant
September 1,
2013
Eastern
Massasaugarattl
esnake (Sisurus
catenatus)
Hibernacula #16
(SH16) – man
made
On Rutherford
Point-South Road

56
Oliphant
Photo #24
Oliphant
September 1,
2013
Eastern
Massasaugarattl
esnake (Sisurus
catenatus)
Hibernacula #17
(SH17) – man
made
On Rutherford
Point-South Road

57
Oliphant
Photo #25
Oliphant
September 1,
2013
Eastern
Massasaugarattl
esnake (Sisurus
catenatus)
Hibernacula #18
(SH18) – man
made
On Rutherford
Point-South Road

58
Oliphant
Photo #26
Oliphant
September 1,
2013
Eastern
Massasaugarattl
esnake (Sisurus
catenatus)
Hibernacula #19
(SH19) – man
made
On Rutherford
Point-South Road

59
Oliphant
Photo #27
Oliphant
September 1,
2013
Eastern
Massasaugarattl
esnake (Sisurus
catenatus)
Hibernacula #20
(SH20) – man
made
On Bay Street

60
Oliphant
Photo #28
Oliphant
September 1,
2013
Eastern
Massasaugarattl
esnake (Sisurus
catenatus)
Hibernacula #21
(SH21) – man
made
On Bay Street

61
Oliphant
Photo #29
Oliphant
September 1,
2013
Eastern
Massasaugarattl
esnake (Sisurus
catenatus)
Hibernacula #22
(SH22) – man
made
On Bay Street

62
Oliphant
Photo #30
Oliphant
September 1,
2013
Eastern
Massasaugarattl
esnake (Sisurus
catenatus)
Hibernacula #23
(SH23) – man
made
On Bay Street

63
Oliphant
Photo #31
Oliphant
September 24,
2013
Eastern
Massasaugarattl
esnake (Sisurus
catenatus)
Hibernacula #24
(SH24) – man
made
On Bay Street

64
Oliphant
Photo #32
Oliphant
September 24,
2013
Eastern
Massasaugarattl
esnake (Sisurus
catenatus)
Hibernacula #25
(SH25) – man
made
On Bay Street

65
Oliphant
Photo #33
Oliphant
September 24,
2013
Eastern
Massasaugarattl
esnake (Sisurus
catenatus)
Hibernacula #26
(SH26) – man
made
On Shoreline
Avenue

66
Oliphant
Photo #34a
Oliphant
July 27, 2013
Dead Eastern
Massasaugarattl
esnake (Sisurus
catenatus)
Photo by
permission from
Laurie Rosie
On Oliphant Road
South

67
Oliphant
Photo #34b
Oliphant
July 27, 2013
Dead Eastern
Massasaugarattl
esnake (Sisurus
catenatus) tail
Photo by
permission from
Laurie Rosie
On Oliphant Road
South

68
Oliphant
Photo #35
Oliphant
September 24,
2013
Coniferous
swamp (SWC) –
candidate
Eastern
Massasaugarattl
esnake
Significant
Wildlife Habitat
On Unassumed
Road

69
Oliphant
Appendix B
SAR and provincially rare records of Flora and Fauna for Oliphant (1 km x 1 km square 17MK75_74)
Scientific name
Common
name S rank COSEWIC MNR
Last
observed Extirpated
Shrubby
Cinquefoil
Coastal Meadow
Marsh Type
Shrubby
Cinquefoil
Coastal
Meadow
Marsh Type
S1 1984-07-25 N
Graminoid
Coastal Meadow
Marsh Type
Graminoid
Coastal
Meadow
Marsh Type
S2 2002-08-01 N
Sensitive
Species
Sensitive
Species
1975 N
Spiranthes
magnicamporum
Great Plains
Ladies'-
tresses
S3? 1975-09-28 N
Linum medium
var. medium
Stiff Yellow
Flax
S3? 1984-05-01 N
Arnoglossum
plantagineum
Tuberous
Indian-
plantain
S3 SC SC 1997-05-23 N
Buteo lineatus Red-
shouldered
Hawk
S4B NAR NAR 1985 N
Charadrius
melodus
Piping Plover S1B END END 2008-06 Y
Chlidonias niger Black Tern S3B NAR SC 1991-06-14 N
Eleocharis
rostellata
Beaked
Spike-rush
S3 1988-07-01 N
Chelydra Snapping S3 SC SC 2008-08-12 N

70
Oliphant
serpentina Turtle
Thamnophis
sauritus
Eastern
Ribbonsnake
S3 SC SC 1988-07-01 N
Nannothemis
bella
Elfin Skimmer S4 1978-06-25 N
Cypripedium
arietinum
Ram's-head
Lady's-slipper
S3 1984-PRE N
Iris lacustris Dwarf Lake
Iris
S3 SC THR 1874 N
Iris
S3 SC THR 2003-05 N
Scleria
verticillata
Low Nutrush S3 1984-05-01 N
Eleocharis
rostellata
Beaked
Spike-rush
S3 N
Eleocharis
rostellata
Beaked
Spike-rush
S3 1926-08-13 N
Sagittaria
cristata
Crested
Arrowhead
S3 1975-07-29 N
Scleria
verticillata
Low Nutrush S3 1947-09-01 N
Cypripedium
arietinum
Ram's-head
Lady's-slipper
S3 1991-PRE N

71
Oliphant
Scientific name
Common
name S rank COSEWIC MNR
Last
observed Extirpated
Sensitive
Species
Sensitive
Species
1975
N
Arnoglossum
plantagineum
Tuberous
Indian-
plantain
S3 SC SC 2006-08-
22
N
Nannothemis
bella
Elfin Skimmer S4 1978-06-
25 N
Arnoglossum
plantagineum
Tuberous
Indian-
plantain
S3 SC SC 1997-05-
23
N
Linum medium
var. medium
Stiff Yellow
Flax
S3? 1984-05-
01 N
Spiranthes
magnicamporum
Great Plains
Ladies'-
tresses
S3? 1975-09-
28
N
Cypripedium
arietinum
Ram's-head
Lady's-slipper
S3 1991-PRE
N
Iris
S3 SC THR 2003-05
N
Scleria
verticillata
Low Nutrush S3 1947-09-
01 N
Eleocharis
rostellata
Beaked
Spike-rush
S3 1926-08-
13 N
Sagittaria
cristata
Crested
Arrowhead
S3 1975-07-
29 N
Eleocharis
rostellata
Beaked
Spike-rush
S3 1988-07-
01 N
Eleocharis
rostellata
Beaked
Spike-rush
S3
N
Cypripedium
arietinum
Ram's-head
Lady's-slipper
S3 1984-PRE
N
Buteo lineatus Red-
shouldered
Hawk
S4B NAR NAR 1985
N
Sensitive
Species
Sensitive
Species
1975 N
Cypripedium
arietinum
Ram's-head
Lady's-slipper
S3 1984-PRE N
Linum medium
var. medium
Stiff Yellow
Flax
S3? 1984-05-
01
N

72
Oliphant
Nannothemis
bella
25
N
Chelydra
serpentina
Snapping
Turtle
S3 SC SC 2008-08-
12
N
Buteo lineatus Red-
shouldered
Hawk
S4B NAR NAR 1985 N
Linum medium
var. medium
Stiff Yellow
Flax
S3? 1984-05-
01
N
Linum medium
var. medium
Stiff Yellow
Flax
S3? 1984-05-
01
N
Spiranthes
magnicamporum
Great Plains
Ladies'-
tresses
S3? 1975-09-
28
N
Eleocharis
rostellata
Beaked
Spike-rush
S3 N
Eleocharis
rostellata
Beaked
Spike-rush
S3 1988-07-
01
N
Chlidonias niger Black Tern S3B NAR SC 1991-06-
14
N
Eleocharis
rostellata
Beaked
Spike-rush
S3 1926-08-
13
N
Sagittaria
cristata
Crested
Arrowhead
S3 1975-07-
29
N
Scleria
verticillata
01
N
Scleria
verticillata
01
N
Iris
S3 SC THR 1874 N
Cypripedium
arietinum
Ram's-head
Lady's-slipper
S3 1991-PRE N

73
Oliphant
Scientific name Common name S rank COSEWIC MNR
Last
observed Extirpated
Sensitive
Species
Sensitive
Species
1975 N
Scleria
verticillata
01
N
Nannothemis
bella
25
N
Buteo lineatus Red-shouldered
Hawk
S4B NAR NAR 1985 N
Arnoglossum
plantagineum
Tuberous Indian-
plantain
S3 SC SC 1997-05-
23
N
Arnoglossum
plantagineum
Tuberous Indian-
plantain
S3 SC SC 2006-08-
22
N
Spiranthes
magnicamporum
Great Plains
Ladies'-tresses
S3? 1975-09-
28
N
Cypripedium
arietinum
Ram's-head
Lady's-slipper
S3 1991-PRE N
Iris lacustris Dwarf Lake Iris S3 SC THR 2003-05 N
Eleocharis
rostellata
Beaked Spike-
rush
S3 1988-07-
01
N
Eleocharis
rostellata
Beaked Spike-
rush
S3 N
Sagittaria
cristata
Crested
Arrowhead
S3 1926-08-
13
N
Asplenium
scolopendrium
var. americanum
Hart's-tongue
Fern
S3 1975-07-
29
N
Cypripedium
arietinum
Ram's-head
Lady's-slipper
S3 SC SC 1919-09 Y
Sagittaria
cristata
Crested
Arrowhead
S3 1984-PRE N

Oliphant
74
Appendix C Vascular Plant Species List – Oliphant Restoration areas
Family name Species name Status Ecology
Regional
(Ecoregion
6E)
Local
(Bruce
county)
ELC
Vegetation
type
Population
estimate
within
vegetation
types Comments
Asclepiadaceae/
Milkweed Asclepias/Swamp milkweed GNR SNA R5 C5 MAMM4-4 7
Recommended
for broad cast
seeding
Balsaminaceae/Touch-
me-not
Impatiens capensis/Spotted
touch-me-not G5 S5 R5 C5 MAMM4-4
Campanulaceae/
Bellflower Lobelia kalmii/Brook or Kalm's
lobelia G5 S5 R4 C5 MAMM4-4
Recommended
for broad cast
seeding
Chenopodiaceae/
Goosefoot
Salsola kali var kali/Russian
thistle GNRTNR SE5 RE2 MAMM4-4 1
Entering
vegetation
community
from vehicular
traffic
Ambrosia
artemisiifolia/Common ragweed G5 S5 R5 C5 MAMM4-4
Arnoglossum plantagineum S3? R1 C1 5
Artemissia campestris spp
caudata/Beach wormwood G5T5 S5 R5 C5 MAMM4-4
Aster lanceolatus/Panicled
aster G5T5? S5 R5 C5
MAMM4-1,
MAMM3-1,
MAMM4-4 ?

75
Oliphant
Centarea juncea/Brown
knapweed G5 SE5 RE5 CE5 MAMM3-1
Cichorium intybus/Chicory G? SE5 RE5 CE5 MAMM3-1
Eupatorium
perferatum/Boneset G5 S5 R5 C5 MAMM4-1
Eupatorium maculatum/Spotted
joe pyeweed G5TNR S5 R5 C5 MAMM3-1
Euthamia gramnifolia/Grass
leaved goldenrod G5 S5 R5 C5
MAMM4-1,
MAMM3-1,
MAMM4-4
Recommended
for broad cast
seeding
Helenium
autumnale/Sneezeweed G5 S5 R5 C4
MAMM4-1,
MAMM3-1
Recommended
for broad cast
seeding
Solidago asteroides/Upland
white aster G5 S5 R4 C3 MAMM3-1
Solidago canadensis/Canada
goldenrod G5 S5 R5 C5 MAMM3-1
Solidago ohioensis/Ohio
MAMM4-1,
MAMM3-1,
MAMM4-4 30+
Recommended
for broad cast
seeding
Solidago gigantae/Tall
goldenrod G5 S5 R5 C5 20
Solidago uliginosa/Bog
MAMM4-1,
MAMM3-1
Cornaceae/Dogwood Cornus obliqua/Silky dogwood G5 S5 R5 C4 MAMM3-1
Cruciferae/Mustard
Diplotaxis tenuifolia/Narrow
leaved wall rocket GNR SNA RE5 CE5
MAMM4-1,
MAMM3-1
Erucastrum gallicum/Dog
mustard G5 SNA RE5 CE5
MAMM4-1,
MAMM3-1
Cupressaceae/Cedar
Thuja occidentalis/Eastern
white cedar
G5 S5 R5 C5
MAMM4-1,
MAMM3-1,
MAMM4-4 5
Cyperaceae/Sedge
Carex viridula/Greenish sedge G5 S5 R5 C5
MAMM4-1,
MAMM3-1

76
Oliphant
Eleocharis elliptica/Elliptic spike
rush G5 S5 R5 C5 MAMM4-1
Scirpus americana/Three
square G5 S5 R5 C5
MAMM4-1,
MAMM3-1
Recommended
for broad cast
seeding
Scirpus effusus/Soft rush G5 S5 R5 C5 MAMM3-1
Rynchospora capillacea/Fen
beakrush G4 S4? R3 C1
MAMM4-1,
MAMM3-1
Equisetaceae/Horsetail
Equisetum
variegatum/Variegated
horsetail G5 S5 R5 C4 MAMM3-1
Gentianaceae/Gentian
Gentianopsis vigata/Fringed
gentian G? S5 R3 C3
MAMM4-1,
MAMM3-1
Recommended
for broad cast
seeding
Gramineae/Grass
Agrostis scabra/Tickle grass G5 S5 R5 C5 MAMM4-1
Panicum virgatum/Switch grass G5T? S5 R5 C5 MAMM3-1
Phalaris arundinacea/Reed
canary grass G5 S5 R5 C5 MAMM4-1
Phragmites australis/Common
reed G? SE5 RE5 CE5
MAMM4-1,
MAMM3-1,
MAMM4-4
More spraying
required to
control spread
Sorghastrum nutans/Indian
grass G5 S5 R5 C5 MAMM3-1
Guttiferae/St. Johnswort
Hypericum kalmii/Kalm's St.
Johnswort G4 S4 R2 C3 MAMM3-1
Triadenum fraseri/Marsh St.
Johnswort G5 S5 R3 C3 MAMM4-1
Haloragaceae/Water
milfoil
Proserpinaca palustris/Mermaid
weed G5 S4 R2 C3 MAMM4-1
Juncaginaceae/
Arrowgrass
Triglochin maritimus/Greater
arrowgrass G5 S5 R1 C2 MAMM4-1

77
Oliphant
Triglochin palustre/Slender or
Lesser arrowgrass G5 S5 R1 C3 MAMM3-1
Juncaceae/Rush
Cladium mariscoides/Twig rush G5 S5 R5 C5
MAMM4-1,
MAMM3-1
Recommended
for broad cast
seeding
Juncus alpinoarticulatus/Alpine
or Richardson rush G5 S5 R5 C5 MAMM4-1
Recommended
for broad cast
seeding
Juncus balticus/Baltic rush G5 S5 R5 C5
MAMM4-1,
MAMM3-1
Recommended
for broad cast
seeding
Juncus canadensis/Canadian
rush G5 S5 R5 C5
MAMM4-1,
MAMM3-1
Recommended
for broad cast
seeding
Juncus nodosus/Knotted rush G5 S5 R5 C5 MAMM4-1
Labiatae/Mint
Calamintha arkansana/Low
calla mint G5 S4S5 R1 C2 MAMM3-1
Lycopus americanus/Cut-
leaved water horehound G5 S5 R5 C5
MAMM3-1,
MAMM4-1
Recommended
for broad cast
seeding
Mentha aquatica/Field mint G? SE4 RE3 CE2 MAMM3-1
Prunella vulgaris/Heall all G5 SE5 RE5 CE5 MAMM3-1
Leguminosae/Bean/Pea/
Legume
Lotus corniculatus/Birdfoot
trefoil G5 SE5 RE5 CE5 MAMM3-1
Viccia cracca/Purple cow vetch G5 SE5 RE5 CE5 MAMM3-1
Liliaceae/Lily
Tofeldia glutinosa/Sticky false
tofeldia G5 S4? R3 C4
MAMM4-4,
MAMM3-1
Recommended
for broad cast
seeding
Linaceae/Flax
Linum medium/Stiff yellow flax G5T3T4 S3? R1 C1 MAMM4-4
89 stems per 1
m x 1 m
14 records for
project

78
Oliphant
Lythraceae/Loosestrife
Lysimachia quadriflora/Prairie
loosestrife G5? S4 R4 C4 MAMM3-1
Lythra salicaria/Purple
loosestrife G5 SNA RE5 CE5 MAMM4-4
Onagraceae/Evening
Primrose
Epilobium ciliatum/Hairy
willowherb G5 S5 R5 C5 MAMM3-1
Oenothera biennis x
parviflora/Common x Small G? S5 R5 C5 MAMM3-1
Orchidaceae/Orchid
Spiranthes
romanzoffiana/Hooded ladies
tresses G5 S5 R5 C5
MAMM4-1,
MAMM3-1,
MAMM4-4
Primulaceae/Primrose
Primula mistassinacea/Bird's
eye primrose G5 S5 R5 C5
MAMM4-1,
MAMM3-1
Ranunculaceae/
Buttercup
Thalictrum dioicum/Early
meadow rue G5 S5 R5 C5 MAMM3-1
Rosaceae/Rose
Potentilla anserina/Silverweed G5 S5 R5 C5 MAMM4-4
Dasiphora fruticosa ssp.
floribunda/Shrubby cinquefoil G5T5 S5 R5 C5
MAMM4-4,
MAMM3-1
Recommended
for broad cast
seeding
Rubiaceae/Madder/
Bedstraw
Gallium palustre/Marsh
bedstraw G5 S5 R5 C5 MAMM3-1
Saxifragaceae/Saxifrage
Parnassus glauca/Grass of
parnassus G5 S5 R5 C5 MAMM4-4
Recommended
for broad cast
seeding
Saliaceae/Willow
Populus balsamifera/Balsam
poplar G5 S5 R5 C5 MAMM3-1
Salix eriocephalus/Heart-
leaved willow G5 S5 R5 C5 MAMM3-1
Scrophulariaceae/
Figwort Agalinis paupercula/Slender
gerardia or Purple agalinis G5 S5 R5 C5
MAMM4-4,
MAMM3-1
Recommended
for broad cast
seeding

79
Oliphant
Veronica anagallis-
aquatica/Water speedwell G5 SNA RE4 CE5 MAMM3-1
Solanaceae/Tomatoe/
Nightshade Solanum dulcamara/Climbing
bittersweet GNR SNA RE5 CE5
MAMM3-1,
MAMM4-4
Umbelliferae/Carrot/
Parsley Cicuta maculata/Water parsnip G5 S5 R5 C5 MAMM4-4
Global ranks MNR/NHIC ranks
G5 = globally very common with > 1000 records, occurrences or populations S5, SE5 (Introduced) = provincially very common with > 1000 records, occurrences or populations within Ontario
G5T5 = globally common with 101 – 1000 records, occurrences or populations S4, SE4 (Introduced) = provincially common with 101 – 1000 records, occurrences or populations within Ontario
G4 = globally common with 101 – 1000 records, occurrences or populations S3 = provincially rare with 21 – 100 records, occurrences or populations within Ontario
GNR = globally not at risk S2 = provincially very rare with 6 – 20 records, occurrences or populations within Ontario
G? = global status unknown S1 = provincially extremely rare with 1 – 5 records, occurrences or populations within Ontario
SNA = provincially not at risk
Regional ranks (Source: EARTHQUEST Plants of Ontario database, 2013) County Ranks (Source: EARTHQUEST Plants of Ontario database, 2013)
R-rank (County rank) - A rank assigned by EARTHQUEST to a species, vegetation community, or habitat patch C-rank (County rank) - A rank assigned by EARTHQUEST to a species, vegetation community, or habitat patch
which describes its status in the ecoregion. Species of conservation concern, according to the EARTHQUEST which describes its status in the county. Species of conservation concern, according to the EARTHQUEST methodology are any species with a local rank of C1 to C3. C1 – locally
methodology are any species with a local rank of R1 to R3. R1 – regionally extremely rare; R2 – regionally very rare; extremely rare; C2 – locally very rare; C3 – locally rare (from EARTHQUEST Plants of Ontario database)
R3 – regionally rare (from EARTHQUEST Plants of Ontario database)
R5, RE5 (Introduced) = Very common within Ecoregions 6E or 7E with > 1000 records, occurrences or populations C5, CE5 (Introduced) = Very common with > 1000 records, occurrences or populations within the county
R4, RE4 (Introduced) = Common within Ecoregions 6E or 7E with 101 – 1000 records, occurrences or populations C4, CE4 (Introduced) = Common with 101 – 1000 records, occurrences or populations within the county
R3, RE3 (Introduced) = Rare within Ecoregions 6E or 7E with 21 – 100 records, occurrences or populations C3, CE3 (Introdcued) = Rare with 21 - 100 records, occurrences or populations within the county
R2 = Very rare within Ecoregions 6E or 7E with 6 - 20 records, occurrences or populations C2, CE2 (Introduced) = Very rare with 6 - 20 records, occurrences or populations within the county
R1 = Extremely rare within Ecoregions 6E or 7E with 1 – 5 records, occurrences or populations C1 – Extremely rare with 1 – 5 records, occurrences or populations within the county

Oliphant
80
Appendix D
Reptile Species List
Family name Species name Status Ecology Date Observer
ELC
vegetation
type/Snake
hibernacula
(SH)
Colubridae/Snake
Storeria
dekayi/DeKay's
brown snake G5 NAR NAR S5 MAMM4-1
27/8/2013,
23/09/2013 DJ, BA
Thamnophis
sirtalis/Eastern
garter snake G5T5 S4?
MAMM4-2,
SH15
26/9/2013,
27/9/2013,
23/9/2013 DJ
Ranidae/True frog
Rana
pipiens/Northern
leopard frog G5 NAR NAR S5
MAMM3-1,
MAMM4-4,
MAMM4-1
23/09/2013 DJ
Global ranks
G5 = globally very common with > 1000 records, occurrences or populations
MNR/NHIC/COSEWIC ranks
S5 = provincially very common with > 1000 records, occurrences or populations within Ontario
S4 = provincially common with 21 – 1000 records, occurrences or populations within Ontario
NAR = not at risk

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Oliphant
Appendix E
Bird Species List
Family name Species name Status Ecology Date
ELC
vegetation
type/Snake
hibernacul
a (SH)
Ardeaidae/Heron
Adrea alba/Great egret G5 S2B
Flew adjacent
to MAMM4-4
& MAMM4-4a
within 24 m 23/09/2013
Cathartidae/Vulture
Cathartes aura/Turkey vulture G5 S5B
26/8/2013,
27/8/2013
Columbidae/Dove
Zenaida macroura/Mourning
dove G5 S5 23/09/2013
Corvidae/Crow & Jay
Corvus
brachyrhynchos/American crow G5 S5B
26/8/2013,
27/8/2013,
23/9/2013
Corvus corax/Common raven G5 S5 27/08/2013
Emberizidae/Sparrow
Spizella melodia/Song sparrow G5 S5B 24/09/2013
Pooecetes gramineus/Vesper
sparrow G5 S4B
MAMM3-1
24/09/2013
Icteridae/Blackbird Sternella magna/Eastern
meadowlark G5 THR THR S4B 23/09/2013

82
Oliphant
Laridae/Gull & Tern
Larus argentatus/Herring gull G5 S5B, S5N 28/08/2013
Larus delawarensis/Ring billed
gull G5 S5B, S4N
26/8/2013,
27/8/2013,
28/8/2013,
31/8/2013,
1/9/2013,
23/9/2013,
24/9/2013
Pandionidae/Osprey
Pandion halieatus/Osprey G5 S5B 27/08/2013
Scolopacidae/Shorebird
Gallinago delicata/Wilson's snipe G5 S5B
MAMM4-1
27/08/2013
Turdidae/Thrush
Turdus migratorius/American
robin G5 S5B 23/09/2013

83
Oliphant
Appendix F
ELC Field data sheets; rapid assessment
MAMM3-1
ELC
SITE: Oliphant
POLYGON: MAMM3-1
PLANT DATE: August 27, 2013
SPECIES LIST SURVEYORS: DJ, KA
LAYERS: 1 = CANOPY 2 = SUB-CANOPY 3 = UNDERSTORY 4 = GROUND (GRD.) LAYER
ABUNDANCE CODES: R = RARE O = OCCASIONAL A = ABUNDANT D = DOMINANT
SPECIES LAYER
COL.
SPECIES LAYER
COL.
CODE 1 2 3 4 CODE 1 2 3 4
JUNARTI D PANVIRG O
SOLOHIO O LYSQUAD R
EUPPERF R VERANAG R
EUTGRAM R MENAQUA R
PHAAUST R THUOCCI R
ASCINCA R DASFRUT R
EUPMACU R
COROBLI R
SORNUTA R
JUNCANA R LYCAMER R
CLAMARI R SPIROMA R
JUNBALT R POTANSE O
CALMARI R CALARKA R
LOBKALM R CARVIRI R
EQUVARI R

84
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85
Oliphant
ELC
SITE: Oliphant
POLYGON: MAMM3-1
STAND DATE: August 27, 2013
CHARACTERISTICS SURVEYORS: DJ, KA
TREE TALLY BY SPECIES:
PRISM FACTOR 2x
SPECIES TALLY 1 TALLY 2 TALLY 3 TALLY 4 TOTAL REL. AVG.
TOTAL
BASAL AREA (BA)
DEAD
STAND COMPOSITION:
COMMUNITY
PROFILE DIAGRAM:
90
H (m)
60
30
100 m
Notes: Ground cover contains pockets Sphagnum moss with greater plant diversity

86
Oliphant
Distance (m)
ELC
SITE: Oliphant
POLYGON: MAMM3-1
SOILS ONTARIO
DATE: September 23, 2013
SURVEYORS: DJ
SLOPE: UTM
P/A PP Dr Position Aspect % Type Class Z EASTING NORTHING
1 A 2 1 6 270 1% S 2 17 477916 4955155
2
3
4
5
SOIL 1 2 3 4 5
TEXTURE X
HORIZON
A TEXTURE N/A
COURSE FRAGMENTS
B TEXTURE N/A
COURSE FRAGMENTS
C TEXTURE fS
COURSE FRAGMENTS
EFFECTIVE TEXTURE fS
SURFACE STONINESS 0
SURFACE ROCKINESS 0
DEPTH TO/OF
MOTTLES None
GLEY None
BEDROCK 0 cm
WATER TABLE > 120 cm

87
Oliphant
CARBONATES 0 cm
ORGANICS N/A
PORE SIZE DISC #1 N/A
MOISTURE REGIME
SOIL SURVEY MAP
LEGEND CLASS

88
Oliphant
ELC
SITE: Oliphant
POLYGON: MAMM3-1
DATE: August 27, 2013
WILDLIFE SURVEYORS: DJ, KA
START TIME: 0915 END TIME: 1600
TEMP (ºC): 25 CLOUD (10th): 8/10 WIND: 1 PRECIPITATION: NIL
CONDITIONS: mild, partially sunny
POTENTIAL WILDLIFE HABITAT:
VERNAL POOLS SNAGS
HIBERNACULA FALLEN LOGS
SPECIES LIST:
TY SP. CODE EV NOTES # TY SP. CODE EV NOTES #
B WISN OB 2
B CATE OB 1
H N. leopard frog OB 3
FAUNAL TYPE CODES (TY):
B = BIRD M = MAMMAL H = HERPETOFAUNA L = LEPIDOPTERA F = FISH O = OTHER
EVIDENCE CODES (EV):
BREEDING BIRD - POSSIBLE:
SH = SUITABLE HABITAT SM = SINGING MALE
BREEDING BIRD - PROBABLE:
T = TERRITORY D = DISPLAY P = PAIR
A = ANXIETY BEHAVIOUR N = NEST BUILDING V = VISITING NEST
BREEDING BIRD - CONFIRMED:
DD = DISTRACTION NU = USED NEST FY = FLEDGED YOUNG
NE = EGGS NY = YOUNG FS = FOOD/FECAL SACK
AE = NEST ENTRY
OTHER WILDLIFE EVIDENCE:
OB = OBSERVED VO = VOCALIZATION CA = CARCASS
DP = DISTINCTIVE PARTS HO = HOUSE/DEN FY = EGGS/YOUNG
TK = TRACKS FE = FEEDING EVIDENCE SC = SCAT

89
Oliphant
SI = OTHER SIGNS (specify)
Page _1__ of _1__

90
Oliphant
ELC SITE: Oliphant POLYGON: MAMM3-1
COMMUNITY SURVEYORS: DJ, KA DATE: August
27, 2013
TIME: start 0915
DESCRIPTION & end 1000
CLASSIFICATION UTMZ:17 UTME: 477916 UTMN: 4955155
POLYGON DESCRIPTION:
TOPOGRAPHIC PLANT
SYSTEM SUBSTRATE FEATURE HISTORY FORM COMMUNITY
Terrestrial Organic Lacustrine Natural Plakton Lake
Wetland Mineral Soil Riverine Cultural Submerged Pond
Aquatic Parent Mat'l Bottomland Floating-LVD River
Acidic Bedrock Terrace Graminoid Stream
Basic Bedrock Valley Slope Forb Marsh
Carb. Bedrock Tableland Lichen Swamp
Roll Upland Bryophyte Fen
Cliff Deciduous Bog
Talus Coniferous Barren
Crevice/Cave Mixed Meadow
SITE:
Alvar Prairie
Rockland
COVER:
Thicket
Open Water Beach/Bar Savannah
Shallow Water Sand Dune Open Woodland
Surficial Dep Bluff Shrub Forest
Bedrock Treed Plantation
STAND DESCRIPTION:
SPECIES IN ORDER OF DECREASING DOMINANCE (up to 4 sp)
LAYER HT CVR (>> Much greater than; > Greater than; = About equal to)
1 Canopy
2 Sub-Canopy
3 Understory
4 Grd. Layer
HT CODES: 1= >= 25m; 2= 10 - <25m; 3= 2 - <10m; 4= 1 - <2m; 5= 0.5 - <1m; 6= 0.2 - <0.5m; 7= <0.2m
CVR CODES: 0 = None; 1 = >0 - 10%; 2 = >10 - 25%; 3 = >25 - 50%; 4 = >50%
STAND COMPOSITION: N/A BA: N/A
SIZE CLASS ANALYSIS: < 10 10 - 24 25 - 50 > 50
STANDING SNAGS: < 10 10 - 24 25 - 50 > 50
DEADFALL / LOGS: < 10 10 - 24 25 - 50 > 50
ABUNDANCE CODES: N = NONE R = RARE O = OCCASIONAL A = ABUNDANT
COMMUNITY
AGE: X PIONEER YOUNG MID-AGE OLD GRWTH
SOIL ANALYSIS:

91
Oliphant
TEXTURE: DEPTH TO MOTTLES/GLEY: g = N/A G = N/A
MOISTURE: DEPTH OF ORGANICS: N/A (cm)
HOMOGENOUS DEPTH TO BEDROCK: 0 (cm)
COMMUNITY CLASSIFICATION: ELC CODE
COMMUNITY CLASS: Meadow MA
COMMUNITY SERIES: Meadow marsh MAM
ECOSITE: Mixed Mineral Meadow Marsh Ecosite MAMM3
VEGETATION TYPE: Mixed Mineral Meadow Marsh Type MAMM3-1
INCLUSION:
COMPLEX:
Notes: Upland community

92
Oliphant
MAMM4-4
ELC
SITE: Oliphant
POLYGON: MAMM4-4
SPECIES LIST SURVEYORS: DJ, KA
SPECIES LAYER
COL.
SPECIES LAYER
COL.
CODE 1 2 3 4 CODE 1 2 3 4
PHRAUST R CLAMARI O
SOLOHIO R JUNCANA R
AGRSCAB D PANVIRG R
HELAUTU R
LOBKALM R SALKALI R
GENVIGA R POTANSE R
LINMEDI O
SPIRAMO R
DIPTENU R
JUNBALT R

93
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94
Oliphant
ELC
SITE: Oliphant
POLYGON: MAMM4-4
PRISM FACTOR 2x
TOTAL
BASAL AREA (BA)
DEAD
STAND COMPOSITION:
COMMUNITY PROFILE DIAGRAM:
90
H (m)
60
30
100 m
Notes: Polygon is a rare vegetation community due to presence of Stiff yellow flax
Distance (m)

95
Oliphant
ELC
SITE: Oliphant
POLYGON: MAMM4-4
SOILS ONTARIO
SURVEYORS: DJ
SLOPE: UTM
1 A 2 4 3 280 1% S 2 17 476702 4954019
2
3
4
5
SOIL 1 2 3 4 5
TEXTURE X
HORIZON
A TEXTURE N/A
COURSE FRAGMENTS
B TEXTURE N/A
COURSE FRAGMENTS
C TEXTURE fS
COURSE FRAGMENTS
SURFACE STONINESS 0
SURFACE ROCKINESS 0
DEPTH TO/OF
MOTTLES 22 cm
GLEY None
BEDROCK 27 cm
WATER TABLE 1 cm
CARBONATES 22 cm

96
Oliphant
ORGANICS N/A
MOISTURE REGIME 5
SOIL SURVEY MAP
LEGEND CLASS

97
Oliphant
ELC
SITE: Oliphant
POLYGON: MAMM4-4
WILDLIFE SURVEYORS: DJ, KA
CONDITIONS: warm, partially cloudy
VERNAL POOLS SNAGS
SPECIES LIST:
B RBGU OB 1
B OSPR VO 1
H N. leopard frog OB 1
AE = NEST ENTRY

98
Oliphant
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99
Oliphant
COMMUNITY SURVEYORS: DJ, KA DATE:
28/8/2013
TIME: start 1300
CLASSIFICATION UTMZ: 17 UTME:476702 UTMN: 4954019
TOPOGRAPHIC PLANT
Acidic Bedrock Terrace Graminoid Stream
Basic Bedrock Valley Slope Forb Marsh
SITE:
Rockland
COVER:
Thicket
1 Canopy
2 Sub-Canopy
3 Understory
4 Grd. Layer
HT CODES: 1= >= 25m; 2= 10 - <25m; 3= 2 - <10m; 4= 1 - <2m; 5= 0.5 - <1m; 6= 0.2 - <0.5m; 7= <0.2m
CVR CODES: 0 = None; 1 = >0 - 10%; 2 = >10 - 25%; 3 = >25 - 50%; 4 = >50%
STAND COMPOSITION: BA:
STANDING SNAGS: < 10 10 - 24 25 - 50 > 50
DEADFALL / LOGS:

100
Oliphant
< 10 10 - 24 25 - 50 > 50
COMMUNITY
AGE: x PIONEER YOUNG MID-AGE OLD GRWTH
SOIL ANALYSIS:
TEXTURE: fS DEPTH TO MOTTLES/GLEY: g = 27 G = N/A
MOISTURE: 5 DEPTH OF ORGANICS: NIL (cm)
VARIABLE DEPTH TO BEDROCK: 27 (cm)
COMMUNITY CLASS: Meadow MA
COMMUNITY SERIES: Meadow Marsh MAM
ECOSITE: Great Lakes Coastal Meadow Marsh Ecosite MAMM4
VEGETATION TYPE:
Twig rush Coastal Meadow Marsh type MAMM4-4
INCLUSION: Stiff yellow flax vegetation type MAMM4-4a
COMPLEX:
Notes:

101
Oliphant
MAMM4-1
ELC
SITE: Oliphant
POLYGON: MAMM4-1
SPECIES LIST SURVEYORS: DJ
SPECIES LAYER
COL.
SPECIES LAYER
COL.
CODE 1 2 3 4 CODE 1 2 3 4
JUNALPI D HELAUTU R
SCIAMER O AGRSCAB R
SOLOHIO R EUTGRAM R
LYTSALI R
CLAMARI R LOBKALM R
ELEELLI O PARGLAU R
TOFGLUT R SPIROMA R
TRIMARI R LYCAMER R

102
Oliphant
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103
Oliphant
ELC
SITE: Oliphant
POLYGON: MAMM4-1
PRISM FACTOR 2x
TOTAL
BASAL AREA (BA)
DEAD
STAND COMPOSITION:
COMMUNITY PROFILE DIAGRAM:
90
H (m)
60
30
100 m
Notes: Good habitat for DeKay's brown snake

104
Oliphant
Distance (m)

105
Oliphant
ELC
SITE: Oliphant
POLYGON: MAMM4-1
SOILS ONTARIO
SURVEYORS: DJ
SLOPE: UTM
1 A 2 1 4 270 1% S 2 17 477937 4955188
2
3
4
5
SOIL 1 2 3 4 5
TEXTURE X
HORIZON
A TEXTURE N/A
COURSE FRAGMENTS
B TEXTURE N/A
COURSE FRAGMENTS
C TEXTURE fS
COURSE FRAGMENTS
SURFACE STONINESS 0
SURFACE ROCKINESS 0
DEPTH TO/OF
MOTTLES None
GLEY None
BEDROCK 0 cm
WATER TABLE 1 cm
CARBONATES 0 cm
ORGANICS N/A
MOISTURE REGIME

106
Oliphant
SOIL SURVEY MAP
LEGEND CLASS

107
Oliphant
ELC
SITE: Oliphant
POLYGON: MAMM4-1
WILDLIFE SURVEYORS: DJ
CONDITIONS: warm, partially cloudy
VERNAL POOLS SNAGS
SPECIES LIST:
H N Leopard OB 4
H DeKay’s snake OB 1
AE = NEST ENTRY

108
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109
Oliphant
COMMUNITY SURVEYORS: DJ DATE: 28/8/13 TIME: start 1700
CLASSIFICATION UTMZ: 17 UTME:477937 UTMN: 4955188
TOPOGRAPHIC PLANT
Acidic Bedrock Terrace Graminoid Stream
Basic Bedrock Valley Slope Forb Marsh
SITE:
Rockland
COVER:
Thicket
1 Canopy
2 Sub-Canopy
3 Understory
4 Grd. Layer
HT CODES: 1= >= 25m; 2= 10 - <25m; 3= 2 - <10m; 4= 1 - <2m; 5= 0.5 - <1m; 6= 0.2 - <0.5m; 7= <0.2m
CVR CODES: 0 = None; 1 = >0 - 10%; 2 = >10 - 25%; 3 = >25 - 50%; 4 = >50%
STAND COMPOSITION: BA: N/A
STANDING SNAGS: < 10 10 - 24 25 - 50 > 50
DEADFALL / LOGS: < 10 10 - 24 25 - 50 > 50

110
Oliphant
COMMUNITY
AGE: X PIONEER YOUNG MID-AGE OLD GRWTH
SOIL ANALYSIS:
TEXTURE: DEPTH TO MOTTLES/GLEY: g = N/A G = N/A
MOISTURE: DEPTH OF ORGANICS: NIL (cm)
HOMOGENOUS DEPTH TO BEDROCK: 0 (cm)
COMMUNITY CLASS: Marsh MA
COMMUNITY SERIES: Meadow marsh MAM
ECOSITE: Great Lakes Coastal Meadow Marsh Ecosite MAMM4
VEGETATION TYPE:
Gramnoid Coastal Meadow Marsh type MAMM4-1
INCLUSION:
COMPLEX:
Notes:

LHCCC report 2013-11-29

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