Make Just Culture just your culture
The DevOps movement has been bringing Just Culture into the tech industry. It’s time to learn what it is and how you can harness it to make your teams happier. We’ll discuss some of the research from Sidney Dekker and the DevOps movement, and I’ll share some of the methods I’ve used during cultural transformations. Long Just Culture stands to benefit the tech industry and all industries greatly. It started in aviation and health care, but John Allspaw brought it into the tech field through DevOps. It has actually become one of the three pillars of DevOps according to Gene Kim and John Willis. I have been studying this field for years, and we’ll discuss some of the original research as well as some of the latest related to DevOps. Then we’ll discuss some of the methods I’ve used in transformations that have included culture. In fact, all transformations are underpinned by culture, and that is something I always focus on first.
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Make Just Culture just your culture
- 1. 1 MAKE JUST CULTURE JUST YOUR CULTURE It’s not what we believe, it’s what we do, that defines our culture. Dan Barker Chief Architect - Archer @barkerd427
- 2. 2 Background A just culture is a culture of trust, learning and accountability. - Sidney Dekker @barkerd427
- 3. 3 Restorative vs Retributive Just Culture ▪ Restorative − What needs exist? − Who’s going to be accountable − Learning ▪ Retributive − What happened and who did it? − Who should have stopped this? − Blaming @barkerd427
- 4. 4 Pathological vs Bureaucratic vs Generative ▪ Power oriented ▪ Low cooperation ▪ Messengers shot ▪ Responsibilities Shirked ▪ Bridging discouraged ▪ Failure -> scapegoating ▪ Novelty crushed @barkerd427 ▪ Rule oriented ▪ Moderate cooperation ▪ Messengers neglected ▪ Narrow responsibilities ▪ Bridging tolerated ▪ Failure -> justice ▪ Novelty -> problems ▪ Performance oriented ▪ High cooperation ▪ Messengers trained ▪ Risks are shared ▪ Bridging encouraged ▪ Failure -> inquiry ▪ Novelty implemented
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- 6. 6 How Complex Systems Fail ▪ Always in a state of failure ▪ There is no “root cause” ▪ All actions are gambles ▪ Humans are the solution ▪ Change creates new failure modes @barkerd427
- 7. 7 “Safety is not the absence of accidents. Safety is the presence of defenses” Todd Conklin @barkerd427
- 8. 8 5 Components of Mindfulness ▪ A constant concern about the possibility of failure ▪ Deference to expertise regardless of rank or status ▪ An ability to adapt when the unexpected occurs ▪ An ability to both concentrate on a specific task while having a sense of the bigger picture ▪ An ability to alter and flatten hierarchy as best fits the situation @barkerd427
- 9. 9 Why? ▪ Open communication and transparency decreases litigation ▪ Aviation safety record ▪ Improve outcomes as a byproduct ▪ Potentially increase output ▪ Happier team members @barkerd427
- 10. 10 “Start where you are. Use what you have. Do what you can.” Arthur Ashe @barkerd427
- 11. 11 Areas where you can help ▪ Enquiry into failure ▪ Information transparency ▪ Cross-functional collaboration ▪ Share responsibilities @barkerd427
- 12. 12 Enquiry into failure ▪ Organize a blameless post-mortem ▪ Change your language − I should have -> I did x and expected y, but saw z − Focus on what you will do next ▪ Introduce more feedback @barkerd427
- 13. 13 Information transparency ▪ Get information out of email ▪ Open meetings ▪ Finalize decisions asynchronously ▪ Use Slack or Teams ▪ Teach others @barkerd427
- 14. 14 Cross-functional collaboration ▪ Invite other functions ▪ Hackathon ▪ Mixer channel on Slack ▪ Make goals cross-functional ▪ Create a dev/ops rotation @barkerd427
- 15. 15 Share responsibilities ▪ Make team goals rather than individual ▪ Volunteer to help others ▪ When failure occurs, don’t blame @barkerd427
- 16. 16 You play a part in your culture ▪ Influence culture ▪ Be patient ▪ Don’t let the culture hurt you @barkerd427
- 17. 17 References ▪ http://sidneydekker.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/RestorativeJustCultureC hecklist.pdf ▪ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1765804/pdf/v013p0ii22.pdf ▪ https://web.mit.edu/2.75/resources/random/How%20Complex%20Systems%20 Fail.pdf ▪ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1955339/ @barkerd427