A presentation I gave in 2014 at Smartgridkonferensen in Oslo, Norway. The presentation shows some preliminary results from the wind power integration, market test and market installation subprojects. The subprojects are part of the Smart Grid Gotland project.

1. Smart Grid Gotland
Resultat från Smart Grid Gotland
Oslo, 2014, Daniel A. Brodén

4. Research
studies

5. HVDC cables
~170 MW wind power
- Wind power capacity ~170 MW
- Max grid capacity 195 MW
- HVDC capacity 2x130 MW
- ~21,000 detached houses
- 3 major industries

6. 2012 Production & Consumption
HVDC cables
170→195 MW installed capacity
170→195 MW wind power
70→90 MW export
+25 MW

7. 2012 Production & Consumption
HVDC cables
195→200 MW wind power
+5 MW
195→200 MW installed capacity
90→95 MW export
However, the risk still exists!
Max prod - Min cons =
200 - 65 = 135
135 MW > 130 MW!
2012 was risk free!

8. HVDC cables
200 MW wind power
+5 MW
Demand-Response
Demand-Response
Demand-Response can help
increase the hosting capacity of
wind power on Gotland and
solve congestion problems in
the network
DRMS = Demand-Response
Management System

9. Is it technically feasible to balance 5 MW additional
wind power capacity in the existing distribution
network with an Ancillary Service Toolbox?
Load shift
Load shift
Absorb prog.
error
Wind curtail.

10. HVDC cables
The cluster optimization is executed
sequentially where the ST cluster minimizes
the prognosis errors from the LT cluster
Long-Term Cluster
Optimized consumption
schedule set hourly
Short-Term Cluster
Prod
Cons
Peak hours
Load shift
LT prognosis
+5 MW
200 MW wind power
Optimized
consumption schedule
set 24 hours ahead
Prod
Cons
Load shift
Peak hours
ST+LT prognosis

12. Consumption model based on a journal
publication: “Forecasting household consumer
electricity load profiles with a combined physical
and behavioral approach”, Claes Sandels, Joakim
Widén, Lars Nordström, Applied Energy, 2014.

13. 1900 detached houses needed to manage “worst-
case” congestion scenarios while satisfying
comfort constraints
Reduction of up to 700 detached houses when
including demand-response activity from a large
industry
Battery with 280 kWh capacity absorbs most of
the prognosis errors. A few wind curtailment
events are required.
More information: http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-138575

14. More information:
http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-138575

15. • Analysis of grid market models to create incentivizes for
consumers to participate in demand-response
Study show small incentives to
participate in DR when flexibility is
part of the price settling in the day-
ahead market.
Need for an alternative
approach considering
system requirements
Source: Elforsk report 11:66 & 13:95
Study shows a significant effect on
market price variation when >
100,000 demand-response
participants are reacting to day-
ahead market
Swedish
electricity
bill

16. Practical
tests

17. Type of heating #
Electrical heater 54
Hot water boiler 87
Electrical radiator systems 29
Heat Pump (water based) 66
Electrical floor heating 4
Heat pump (air) 2
• 260 units installed today
• Optimizing on spot price
and time of use tariff
• Possibility for consumer
override

18. Energy Watch
Smart Temp Smart Plug Smart Control

19. Overview
components
Price
signals
Temperature
override

20. Peak at 9 am.
Heating ON after
morning OFF hours.
Peak at 10 pm. Low price
(heat on)
sgg.energywatch.se/TotalChart

21. SMART TECH
• Appreciate and use
remote control (heating
and appliances)
• Encourages further
development of new
features.
SMART SAVING
• Old (too) large houses
(Childen grown up)
• Direct electrical heating +
hot water boiler
• Strive to reduce energy
cost.
SMART
ENVIRONMENT
• Often heat pump in
combination with PV/wind
• Prioritizes environment
before cost

22. 0.0%
5.0%
10.0%
15.0%
20.0%
25.0%
30.0%
35.0%
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Very satisfiedDissatisfied
Customer satisfaction?
Based on approximately 200 participants

23. Very low extent Very high extent
To what extent has participants changed their consumption patterns?
Based on approximately 200 participants

24. • More data intensive analysis are expected later on
Typical analysis include:
• Consumer behavior
• Comfort variations
• Electricity bill savings
• And more

25. Smart Grid Gotland
Tack för din uppmärksamhet!
+46762185980, danbro@kth.se