1. Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE
Unidad de Educación a Distancia
ACTIVITY 5
CÁTEDRA INTEGRADORA: EDUCATIONAL SYSTEMS AND EDUCATIONAL POLICIES IN THE TEACHING
AND LEARNING PROCESS OF ENGLISH AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE.
“PLANNING AND INSTITUTIONAL
PROGRAMS”
DINA CHANATAXI
2. PLANNING AND INSTITUTIONAL PROGRAMS OF EDUCATIONAL CENTERS
Planning is one of the important attributes of educational management
Planning It is an individual task
a collaboration in which members work as a team to have effective
planning to achieve the desired results.
But
To achieve educational objectives in a creative,
orderly and economically sound manner, it is
mandatory to take into account the demanding
knowledge not only of the problems of the present
but also those of the future,
3. SIX-STEP PLANNING PROCESS FOR INSTITUTIONS OF HIGHER
EDUCATION
1.Identification of a core planning team to plan the
event;
Formation of a common framework;
Assignment of roles and responsibilities
Development of a regular schedule of meetings
to adequately plan the event.
1. Form a collaborative planning team.
It involves good working relationships. This stage of planning requires the following:
2. Understand the situation.
This can be accomplished by:
Identifying specific threats and
hazards;
Assessing risks
Prioritizing the threats and hazards
that are identified in the collaborative
emergency planning process.
3. Determine goals and objectives.
Goals and objectives should be developed for each threat and hazard. The planning team has
to fulfill at least three goals for each threat or hazard to clarify what should happen before,
during, and after each of them.
4. 5. Prepare review and approve the plan.
In this stage the planning process involves formatting the plan, writing the plan, approving the plan,
and sharing the plan.
6. Implement and maintain the plan. Finally, several training components are available for this
purpose, including the following:
Holding a meeting to educate all
parties on the plan
Visiting evacuation sites (fire assembly
areas, staging areas, etc.) with
appropriate stakeholders
Posting key information (using posters,
podium cards, flip charts, etc.)
throughout campus buildings on how to
respond to various emergencies
Illustrate the scenario; Determine the amount of time available to respond
Determine the amount of time available to respond Develop courses of action
4. Plan development to identify courses of action.
The courses of action must be composed of a specific set of steps or instructions that groups and individuals will follow to
accomplish. Generally, such steps would be:
5. BRIEF IDEAS ABOUT ACTION AND STRATEGIC
PLANNING
AN ACTION PLAN IS A DOCUMENT THAT LISTS WHAT
STEPS MUST BE TAKEN IN ORDER TO ACHIEVE A
SPECIFIC GOAL. THE PURPOSE OF AN ACTION PLAN IS
TO CLARIFY WHAT RESOURCES ARE REQUIRED TO
REACH THE GOAL, FORMULATE A TIMELINE FOR WHEN
SPECIFIC TASKS NEED TO BE COMPLETED AND
DETERMINE WHAT RESOURCES ARE REQUIRED.
6. STRATEGIC PLAN
PROJECT
STRATEGIC PLANNING IS THE
PROCESS OF SETTING GOALS; HERE
THE PLANNER HAS TO DECIDE WHAT
STRATEGIES TO USE IN ORDER TO
ACHIEVE THOSE GOALS AND
MOBILIZING THE RESOURCES NEEDED
TO TAKE THOSE ACTIONS.
STRATEGIC PLANNING IN
EDUCATION MUST BE USED
REGULARLY DUE TO THE FACT THE
GOALS MUST BE EVIDENCED IN EACH
PERIOD, SO THAT STUDENTS CAN BE
PROMOTED TO THE NEXT LEVEL,
OTHERWISE THEY WILL FACE UP
SERIOUS ACADEMIC ISSUES.
STRATEGIC
7. ORIENTATION
S LANGUAGE
PLANNING
LET´S GO OVER SOME BASIC
ORIENTATIONS IN LANGUAGE
PLANNING AND ITS IMPORTANCE
IN THE SOCIETY, THE INFLUENCE
IN THE NATURE OF LANGUAGE
EFFORTS IN A PARTICULAR
CONTEXT. AS RUIZ, R. (1984)
MENTIONED IN HIS ARTICLE, HE
RECOGNIZED THREE
ORIENTATIONS SUCH AS:
• LANGUAGE-AS-PROBLEM
• LANGUAGE-AS-RIGHT
• LANGUAGE-AS-RESOURCE.
8. LANGUAGE AS A PROBLEM
The outcome of having monolingual forms and weak forms of
bilingual education program is monolingualism and limited
bilingualism.
The goal of these forms of bilingual education language policy
is for minority students to succeed in transitioning into
accepting the majority language and the values of the majority
society which controls the school.
The specific outcomes for students is that they are blamed for
failing by implying that they are not smart enough, motivated,
or appreciate the educational opportunities the school system
gives them
9. LANGUAGE AS A RIGHT
LANGUAGE AS A RIGHT CAN BE DEFINED IN TERMS OF PERSONAL, HUMAN,
AND LEGAL OR CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS. LANGUAGE AS A PERSONAL RIGHT
ENCOMPASSES THE FREEDOM OF AN INDIVIDUAL TO SPEAK IN AND TO
PRESERVE HIS OR HER NATIVE OR MOTHER LANGUAGE.
LANGUAGE AS A HUMAN RIGHT REFERS TO AN INDIVIDUAL RECEIVING
PROTECTION FROM DISCRIMINATION BASED ON THEIR LANGUAGE CHOICE,
LANGUAGE IS PARTICULARLY IMPORTANT TO LINGUISTIC MINORITY
COMMUNITIES SEEKING TO MAINTAIN THEIR DISTINCT GROUP AND CULTURAL
IDENTITY, SOMETIMES UNDER CONDITIONS OF MARGINALIZATION,
EXCLUSION, AND DISCRIMINATION. LANGUAGE AS A LEGAL OR
CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHT IN THE UNITED STATES AND AROUND THE WORLD IS
GENERALLY AN INDIVIDUAL VERSUS A GROUP RIGHT
OUTCOMES OF LANGUAGE AS A RIGHT
Tolerance approaches to bilingual education that do not recognize the
nondominant language as a human right lead to oppression,
domination, and injustice. one trend is to believe that any changes
toward the advancement of bilingual education need to be considered
very carefully and implemented gradually; keeping the status quo of
assimilation and monoculturalism.
10. LANGUAGE AS A RESOURCE
Framing the discussions around language as a resource may helpful in engaging majority and minority
communities in conversations surrounding the need for bilingual education
Language is an essential component of working toward and reaching a pluralistic society. }
Language is a resource which enables participants within a society the freedom to communicate
with individuals outside of their community.
Language functions as a way of affirming and empowering cultural ideologies and beliefs (Darder,
2011).
Knowing more than one language is a resource, an important tool to
globalization, the key to a competitive world. Developing bilingualism
and biliteracy leads to higher achievement across all curriculum and is a
better use of human resources in a country’s economy
