THIS IS POWER POINT PRESENTATION ON THE TOPIC ECOSYSTEM

1. SCHOOL OF STUDIES IN ENVIRONMENTAL science
PT. RAVISHANKAR SHUKLA UNIVERSITY RAIPUR
PRESENTED BY – DAMINI
M.Sc. IN ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
(1ST SEMESTER)
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2. ECOSYSTEM
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3. TABLE OF
 ECOSYSTEM
 FACTOR OF ECOSYSTEM
 TYPES OF ECOSYSTEM
 ASPECTS OF ECOSYSTEM
o ENERGY FOLW
 CONNECTION BETWEEN GFC & DFC
 FOOD WEB
 THE 10 % LOW
o PRODUCTIVITY
o DECOMPOSITION
o NUTRIENT CYCLE
 SUMMARY
 REFERENCE
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CONTENT

4. ORGANISM
POPULATION
COMMUNITY ECOSYSTEM
ECOSYSTEM
4
https://www.cnbc.com/2019/06/28/fda-investigates-possible-link-between-dog-foods-and-heart-disease.html
https://www.companionanimalpsychology.com/2014/11/how-many-dogs-is-enough-for-canine.html
https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/longest-rivers-in-new-zealand.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mountain

5. ecosystem
An ecosystem is a functional and structural
unit of nature, is a community of living
(biotic) and non living (abiotic) things that
work together.
• Father of ecosystem in world - Sir E.P. Odum
• Father of ecosystem in India - Sir Ramdeo Mishra
• The term ecosystem was given by Sir Arthur
G. Tansley in 1935 .
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6. Biotic factor
(living organism)
Abiotic factor
(non living organism)
AIR
TEMPERATURE
SALINITY SOIL
LIGHT WATER
MINERAL pH HUMIDITY
BACTERIA
PROTISTS
FUNGI
PLANTS
ANIMALS
ARCHAEA
FACTOR OF ECOSYSTEM
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https://www.almanac.com/what-air-made

7. Types of ecosystem
Natural ecosystem
Man-made ecosystem :
Crop fields and
aquarium.
Aquatic ecosystem :
Pond, lake, river &
streams .
Terrestrial ecosystem :
Forest, grassland,
desert etc.
forest
grassland
desert
lake
streams
river
aquarium
Crop fields
Pond
Lentic ecosystem
(still water )
Lotic ecosystem
(moving water)
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https://fesummaries.wordpress.com/2018/09/13/herbiv
ores-optimize-the-function-of-grassland-ecosystem/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquatic_ecosystem
https://www.shutterstock.com/search/crop+field

8. o Productivity
o Decomposition
o Energy flow
o Nutrient cycling
ASPECTS OF ECOSYSTEM
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9. Energy flow
Heat & light into chemical
Source of energy
Autotrophs
Trophic level 1
Producer
Herbivore
Trophic level 2
Primary consumer
Primary Carnivore
Trophic level 3
Secondary consumer
Top Carnivore
Trophic level 4
tertiary consumer
Plants actually use
some little energy
not all energy of
sun falling on earth
this is called photo
synthetically active
region .
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https://giphy.com/explore/ghost-of-tsushima-fox
https://gifer.com/en/5oCr
https://gifer.com/en/2V51
https://tenor.com/view/huh-rabbit-cute-gif-14655591
https://tenor.com/search/tiger-walking-gif-gifs

10. Connection between GFC &DFC
Grazing food chain
(starts from Autotrophs)
Detritus
(non living organic
matter)
Detritus food chain
(starts from Detritus)
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Earth warm
Bactria & fungi
https://biodifferences.com/difference-between-bacteria-and-fungi.html
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/invertebrates/facts/common-earthworm
https://boston.cbslocal.com/2017/12/05/why-leaves-staying-on-trees/

11. Food web
Sun
Green plants
Rabbit
Mouse
Owl
Snake
Goat
Wild cat
Lion, Tiger
Eagle
Wolf
Many interconnecting food chain
form a food web
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https://www.treehugger.com/owls-you-might-hear-night-4868764
https://kids.nationalgeographic.com/animals/mammals/facts/gray-wolf
https://theconversation.com/heres-what-that-house-proud-mouse-was-doing-plus-five-other-animals-
who-take-cleaning-seriously-114040

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Source of energy
Autotrophs
Trophic level 1
Producer
Herbivore
Trophic level 2
Primary consumer
Primary Carnivore
Trophic level 3
Secondary consumer
Top Carnivore
Trophic level 4
tertiary consumer
Heat
Heat
Heat
Heat
Heat
Heat
Heat
THE 10%RULE

13. Biomass Biomass
Productivity
Primary production:-
Increase in biomass at T1 trophic level in
unit area.
Primary productivity:-
o Rate of Primary production is called primary
productivity .
o Increase in biomass at T1 trophic level in unit
area per unit time .
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cattle
https://www.istockphoto.com/search/2/image?phrase=cute+baby+cow
https://www.pinterest.com/jeffreychung01/big-tree/
https://gomerblog.com/2018/10/buried-placenta-grows-baby-tree/

14. Primary Productivity
Gross productivity Net productivity
Light & heat
Glucose
ATP
Glucose
Respiration
NPP = GPP – Respiratory losses
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15. decomposition
Detritus
Non living organic matter
(Dead leaves, dead trees, dead bodies and dead organism)
Mineral absorbable by plants
Decomposition by decomposer
(detritivores )
Decomposer
Earthworm fungi and bacteria
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16. decomposition
Earthworm
Fragmentation
Minerals water soluble
Leaching
Fungi and bacteria
Catabolism
Humus
Humification
Minerals
mineralization
_ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _
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17. NUTRIENT CYCLING
(biogeochemical cycling)
Gaseous
cycle
Sedimentary
cycle
Eg.-carbon cycle
Nitrogen Cycle
Eg.-Phosphorus
cycle
The reservoir is atmosphere The reservoir is Earth’s crust
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18. NUTRIENT CYCLING (carbon cycle)
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https://www.pinterest.com/pin/687361961848068334/

19. NUTRIENT CYCLING
(phosphorus cycle)
weathering
In soil
Run of
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https://www.britannica.com/science/mineral-chemical-compound
https://a-z-animals.com/animals/goat/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e4HTbUGHims

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summary
• An ecosystem is a structural and functional unit of nature and it comprises abiotic and biotic
components.
• Productivity, decomposition, energy flow, and nutrient cycling are the four important components of an
ecosystem.
• Types of ecosystem man made ecosystem & natural ecosystem.
• Energy flow is unidirectional. First, plants capture solar energy and then, food is transferred from the
producers to decomposers.
• Primary productivity is the rate of capture of solar energy or biomass production of the producers.
• It is divided into two types: gross primary productivity (GPP) and net primary productivity (NPP).
• Nutrient cycling is of two types—gaseous and sedimentary. Atmosphere or hydrosphere is the reservoir
for the gaseous type of cycle (carbon), whereas Earth’s crust is the reservoir for sedimentary type
(phosphorus.

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Reference
1.https://www.ncertbooks.guru/ncert-books-class-12-biology/
2.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecosystem
3.Ecosystem - One Shot Revision | NEET Biology | Target NEET 2020 | Ritu
Rattewal

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